Back to FlashcardsBiology / LGS A-Level OCR Biology - Unit 5 - Neuronal Communication Part 1
Main functions of nervous system
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Main functions of nervous system
Send, recieve and interpret info
Two parts of the nervous system
CNS; PNS
What is a neuron
Conductive, excitable cells of the nervous system that are specialized to transmit electrical nerve impulses
Nerves vs neurons
Neurons are the cells and nerves are the elongated congregation of tissues
Rods and cones
Receptors in eyes; Detect changes in light
Taste buds
Receptors on tongue; Detect change in chemical potential
Related Flashcard Decks
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Main functions of nervous system | Send, recieve and interpret info |
Two parts of the nervous system | CNS; PNS |
What is a neuron | Conductive, excitable cells of the nervous system that are specialized to transmit electrical nerve impulses |
Nerves vs neurons | Neurons are the cells and nerves are the elongated congregation of tissues |
Rods and cones | Receptors in eyes; Detect changes in light |
Taste buds | Receptors on tongue; Detect change in chemical potential |
Pacinian corpuscles | Receptors on skin; Detect changes in movement and pressure; Meissners corpuscles do the same |
Ruffinis endings | Receptors on skin; Detect changes in heat |
Proprioreceptors | Receptors on muscles; Detect mechanical displacement; Involved in placement of limbs/ body awareness |
What do the hair cells in semi-circular canals do | Detect movement; Involved in balance |
What do the hair cells in the cochlea do | Detect sound |
Transducers | Detect a spp type of energy and convert it into another e.g electrical energy |
Where is action potential summed | At axon hillock which is then propagated down the axon |
Resting membrane potential | Potential diff across the membrane of a neuron |
Na^+/K^+ pump | Pump binds 3 Na^+ and 1 ATP; Hydrolysis of ATP provides energy to undergo a conformational change; Na is released to outside of the membrane and the shape changes to allow 2 K^+ to bind; Release of the phosphate allows the channel to revert to its original form, releasing the K^+ on the inside of the membrane |
How do sensory receptors change the resting potential of the axon membrane | By taking the energy its detecting and using it to change the membrane permeability to Na^+ ions to start an action potential |
Need for refractory period | Prevents overlap of action potential; Prevents action potential from moving backward (unidirectional) |
Receptor potentials | Localised changes in membrane potential; Graded and arent self-propagated |
Mechanoreceptor | Pressure/ stretch opens a VG ion channel |
Thermoreceptors | Temp affects enzymes controlling an ion channel |