Back to FlashcardsBiology / LGS A-Level OCR Biology - Unit 5 - Plant and Animal Responses Part 2
Research supporting geotropism in shoots
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Research supporting geotropism in shoots
Plants are grown on a slowly rotating drum (clinostat) so gravitational stimulus is applied evenly; Plants grow straight in both light and dark
Research supporting geotropism in roots
Seeds are placed in petri dishes w/ moist cotton wool that are rotated 90 degrees as seedlings grow; Cover lid w/ oil - ensure no light is coming in; ...
Investigating role of gibberellin in stem elongation
Plant 40 plants; Water 20 plants normally; Water other 20 w/ diluted solution of gibberellins; Let all 40 grow for 28 days, measuring height every 7; ...
IAA
Natural form of auxin responsible for +ve phototropism so plant bends towards light to phostosynthesise and grow taller and grows roots to reach water...
Central nervous system
Brain and spinal cord; Mostly relay neurones in brain; Mostly non-myelinated in brain and myelinated in spinal cord
Role of peripheral nervous system
Ensure rapid comm between the sensory receptors, CNS and effectors
Related Flashcard Decks
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Research supporting geotropism in shoots | Plants are grown on a slowly rotating drum (clinostat) so gravitational stimulus is applied evenly; Plants grow straight in both light and dark |
Research supporting geotropism in roots | Seeds are placed in petri dishes w/ moist cotton wool that are rotated 90 degrees as seedlings grow; Cover lid w/ oil - ensure no light is coming in; All petri dishes should be in same environment; Geotropic response in the roots can be seen every 2 hours |
Investigating role of gibberellin in stem elongation | Plant 40 plants; Water 20 plants normally; Water other 20 w/ diluted solution of gibberellins; Let all 40 grow for 28 days, measuring height every 7; Calculate rate at which plants grew |
IAA | Natural form of auxin responsible for +ve phototropism so plant bends towards light to phostosynthesise and grow taller and grows roots to reach water and nutrients; Light stimulus detected by tip of plant |
Central nervous system | Brain and spinal cord; Mostly relay neurones in brain; Mostly non-myelinated in brain and myelinated in spinal cord |
Role of peripheral nervous system | Ensure rapid comm between the sensory receptors, CNS and effectors |
Divisions of PNS | Sensory nerous systems; | Motor nervous system |
Sensory nervous system | Neurons conduct action potentials from the sensory receptor into the CNS |
Divisions of motor nervous system | Autonomic; | Somatic |
Somatic nervous system | Motor neurones that conduct action potentials to effectors that are under voluntary control e.g. skeletal muscles; Mostly myelinated neurones; One single motor neuone connecting CNS to effector |
Autonomic nervous system | Motor neurones that conduct action potentials to effectors that arent under voluntary control e.g. cardiac muscles; Mostly unmyelinated neurones; At least two motor neurones involved - connected at ganglia |
Divisions of autonomic nervous system | Sympathetic; | Parasympathetic |
Ganglia in sympathetic system | Outside CNS, near spinal cord |
Ganglia in parasympathetic system | Closer to effector tissue |
Neurones in sympathetic system | Short pre-ganglionic neurones | Long post-ganglionic neurones |
Neurones in parasympathetic system | Long pre-ganglionic neurones | Short post-ganglionic neurones |
Neurotransmitter in sympathetic system | Noradrenaline |
Neurotransmitter in parasympathetic system | Acetylcholine |
Four sections of the brain | Cerebrum; Cerebellum; Medulla Oblongata; Hypothalamus and pituitary complex |
Cerebrum | Largest part of human brain; Two hemispheres connected by corpus callosum; Involved in control of speech and higher thought processes e.g. planning a task |
Cerebral cortex | Highly folded; Outer part of cerebrum; Involved in higher thought e.g. overriding reflexes, conscious thought, intelligence and reasoning |
What is the cerebral cortex divided into | Sensory areas - recieve impulses from sensory neurones; Motor areas - send impulses out to effectors; Association areas - link info and coordinate approriate respnse |
Cerebellum | Controls muscular movement and balance; Connected to cerebrum by pons; Coordination of posture |
Medulla oblongata | Controls involuntary processes e.g. heart rate and breathing rate; Has specialised centres that recieve info from internal receptors and adjust breathing and heart rate accordingly |
Hypothalamus and pituitary complex | Organises homeostatic responses and controls various physiological processes; Info is recieved from hypothalamus and hormones are released via the pituitary gland (controls endocrine system) |