Foundations of Quality Management and Strategic Decision MakingLetis the event that a randomly selected individual has the rare form of the cancer.Letis the event that the diagnostic test results in positive to that rare form of the cancer.Then express theDE()()()()()given information in terms of the probabilities of the eventsand,Pr0.25%0.0025Pr1Pr10.00250.9975Pr|98%0.98Pr|2%0.02a. The probability that a person chosen at random from thisDErDDDEDED== =−=−=== ==()()()()()()()()()population will test positive is,PrPr|PrPr|PrBy total probability rule0.980.00250.020.99750.0224b. If a person chosen at random tests positive, the probability that the person inEEDDEDD=+=+=()()()()()()()()()()()()()fact has thecancer is,Pr|PrPr|By Baye's theoremPr|PrPr|Pr0.980.00250.980.00250.020.99750.002450.02240.1094EDDDEEDDEDD=+=+==
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