Test Bank for Developing Management Skills, 10th Edition

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Developing ManagementSkillsTenthEditionDavidA.WhettenKimS.CameronTest Bank(Download only)for DevelopingManagement Skills,10eRevised byLaurelDonaldson

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1Developing Management Skills, 10e(Whetten/Cameron)Chapter 1Developing Self-Awareness1) Self-awareness is at the foundation of personal life management skills.Answer: TRUEExplanation: Though self-awareness is not in itself sufficient for good life management, othermanagement skills (such as self-control, time-management, stress mitigation) build upon strongself-awareness skills.Diff: 1Learning Objective: 1.1 Increase personal awareness of yoursensitive lineTopic: Key Dimensions of Self-AwarenessSkill: ConceptAACSB: Application of knowledge2) Empirical evidence indicates that people who are more self-aware are healthier, perform betterin leadership roles, and are more productive at work.Answer: TRUEExplanation: This is true because we cannot improve ourselves or develop new capabilitiesunless and until we know what level of capability we currently possess.Diff: 1Learning Objective: 1.1 Increase personal awareness of your sensitive lineTopic: The Enigma of Self-AwarenessSkill: ConceptAACSB: Application of knowledge3) The concept of sensitive line refers to the point at which individuals welcome informationabout themselves from their co-workers.Answer: FALSEExplanation:The concept of sensitive line refers to the point at which people become defensiveor protective of information about themselves.Diff: 2Learning Objective: 1.1 Increase personal awareness of your sensitive lineTopic: The Sensitive LineSkill: ConceptAACSB: Application of knowledge

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24)Marvin consistently finds fault with Alicia's competence as a manager. Because Alicia hasbeen told she is doing a good job she therefore responds in a threatened, rigid way. Thus, hermost likely response will be to defend herself in light of Marvin's accusations.Answer: TRUEExplanation: The threat-rigidity response occurs when people encounter information that is athreat to their self-concept. They protect themselves and become risk averse. When peoplerespond this way, they tend to deny the validityof the contradictory information or contradict thesource.Diff: 2Learning Objective: 1.1 Increase personal awareness of your sensitive lineTopic: The Sensitive LineSkill: ApplicationAACSB: Application of knowledge5) Self-awareness can be managed by exercising minimal control over when and what kind ofinformation one receives about oneself and by not involving others in the pursuit of self-understanding.Answer: FALSEExplanation: Self-awareness is best achieved through self-disclosure, whichallows one toreceive feedback and additional information from others. A quote from the text states that "Ourself-reflection in a mirror does not tell us what we are like, only our reflection in other people."Diff: 2Learning Objective: 1.1 Increase personal awareness of your sensitive lineTopic: The Sensitive LineSkill: ApplicationAACSB: Application of knowledge6) Simone will be viewed as an effective manager if she uses her ability to recognize, appreciate,and act on key fundamental differences among her employees.Answer: TRUEExplanation: These attributes (recognizing, appreciating, and acting on fundamental employeedifferences) are known generally as managing diversity. Effectively managing diversity allowsSimone to better utilize the differences(perspectives, strengths, and skills she finds in heremployees.Diff: 1Learning Objective: 1.1 Increase personal awareness of your sensitive lineTopic: Understanding and Appreciating Individual DifferencesSkill: ConceptAACSB: Diverse andmulticultural work environments

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37) In order to help her newer and more experienced employees understand their differences, amanager focuses on pointing out how more experienced employees are given extra privileges forscheduling. She is successfully managing diversity by understanding differences and focusing ondistinctions.Answer: FALSEExplanation:Creating and evaluating distinctions creates barriers between people. Focusing onrecognizing differences allows us to utilize individual's strengths, whereas creating distinctionsreinforces advantages and disadvantages.Diff: 1Learning Objective: 1.1 Increase personal awareness of your sensitive lineTopic: Understanding and Appreciating Individual DifferencesSkill: ApplicationAACSB: Diverse and multicultural work environments8) Emotional intelligence has been identified as a moderately unimportant factor in accountingfor success in leaders and managers.Answer: FALSEExplanation: Emotional intelligence has been identified as one of the most important factors inmanagerial and leadership success.Diff: 1Learning Objective: 1.2 Increase personal awareness of your emotional intelligenceTopic: Emotional IntelligenceSkill: ConceptAACSB: Application of knowledge9) Results of research studies indicate that cognitive intelligence is twice as important incontributing to excellence as emotional intelligence.Answer: FALSEExplanation: Results of research indicate that emotional intelligence is twice as important incontributing to excellence (not the other way around).Diff: 1Learning Objective: 1.2 Increase personal awareness of your emotional intelligenceTopic: Emotional IntelligenceSkill: ConceptAACSB: Application of knowledge10) Emotional intelligence refers to the noncognitive capabilities and skills including social skillsthat affect human functioning.Answer: FALSEExplanation: Emotional competence refers to the noncognitive capabilities and skills includingsocial skills that affect human functioning. Emotional intelligence, according to the definitionadopted by the authors, refers to the ability to diagnose, understand, and manage emotional cues.Diff: 1Learning Objective: 1.2 Increase personal awareness of your emotional intelligenceTopic: Emotional IntelligenceSkill: ConceptAACSB: Application of knowledge

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411)Emotional intelligence can be developed and improved.Answer: TRUEExplanation: Unlike IQ, which remains relatively constant over a lifetime, emotionalintelligence can be enhanced with practice and concerted effort.Diff: 1Learning Objective: 1.2 Increase personal awareness of your emotional intelligenceTopic: Emotional IntelligenceSkill: ConceptAACSB: Application of knowledge12) According to research cited by the textbook authors, the general competency of emotionalintelligence of individualshas increased over time.Answer: FALSEExplanation: Goleman, 1988, found that general competency levels of emotional intelligencehave deteriorated over time. On the other hand, IQ scores have risen by almost 25points over thelast 100 years.Diff: 1Learning Objective: 1.2 Increase personal awareness of your emotional intelligenceTopic: Emotional IntelligenceSkill: ConceptAACSB: Application of knowledge13) Specific versus diffuse refers to the culturaldimension that either general societal rules orrelationships with others govern people's behavior.Answer: FALSEExplanation: Specific vs. diffuse refers to cultures that segregate life roles to maintain privacyand personal autonomy compared to cultures that integrate and merge their roles.Diff: 2Learning Objective: 1.3 Increase personal awareness of your personal values and moral maturityTopic: The Values of National CulturesSkill: ConceptAACSB: Diverse and multicultural work environments14) Managers of Spanish or Hispanic origin, in general, place a high degree of emphasis onpersonal accomplishments and achievements.Answer: FALSEExplanation: Managers of Spanish origin place a high degree of emphasis on individualrelationships, team contributions, and showing emotions.Diff: 3Learning Objective: 1.3 Increase personal awareness of your personal values and moral maturityTopic: The Values of National CulturesSkill: ConceptAACSB: Diverse and multicultural work environments

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515) Thevaluedimension about how people manage time relates to the emphasis people place onthe past, present, or future.Answer: TRUEExplanation: Some people value past and tradition more than future possibilities. Others placemore value on the future thanthe past. Another variation is in the time periods attributed to ourpast and future (short-time horizons versus long-time horizons).Diff: 1Learning Objective: 1.3 Increase personal awareness of your personal values and moral maturityTopic: The Valuesof National CulturesSkill: ConceptAACSB: Application of knowledge16) You are cheating on this test because you hold to the principle of "every man for himself"and principles supersede rules and laws for principled individuals. Your stage of valuesmaturityis the highest (level 6).Answer: FALSEExplanation: Cheating on a test is a means to an end and is self centered. Principled individualsdon't break the law just for personal advantage. They may break the law because the law violatesa greaterhuman value or is morally unjustifiable.Diff: 2Learning Objective: 1.3 Increase personal awareness of your personal values and moral maturityTopic: Values MaturitySkill: ApplicationAACSB:Ethical understanding and reasoning17) If you judge rightand wrong on the basis of a set of core values developed from personalexperience, you are at the principled level of maturity.Answer: TRUEExplanation: Principled maturity is the level in which moral values reside in a commitment tofreely selected standards, rights, and duties. At the highest stage of maturity, this set of values iscomprehensive, consistent, and universal.Diff: 1Learning Objective: 1.3 Increase personal awareness of your personal values and moral maturityTopic: Values MaturitySkill: ConceptAACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning

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618) Assume you are a male during the late 1960s. If you joined the protests against the VietnamWar because you didn't want to go (you had college to finish), your level of maturity was self-centered.Answer: TRUEExplanation: At the principled level, you may join the protests out of a sense that the war wasinherently wrong. At the conformity level, you may join the protests out of a sense of duty tosociety and soldiers. Here, your reason forprotesting is to fulfill your own immediate interests,which is self-centered or preconventional.Diff: 1Learning Objective: 1.3 Increase personal awareness of your personal values and moral maturityTopic: Values MaturitySkill: ConceptAACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning19) Most ethical trade-offs are conflicts between two desirable ends: economic performanceversus social performance.Answer: TRUEExplanation: Ethical dilemmas arise because management decisions are not simple cases ofchoosing between right and wrong. Organizations have duties and aspirations both in theeconomic and social arenas. Social responsibility cannot be an organization's only motivatinginfluence; withoutsolid fiscal performance an organization cannot usually besuccessful. On theother hand, neither can profit or production be the only motivator. Managers must thereforemake tradeoffs.Diff: 3Learning Objective: 1.3 Increase personal awareness of your personal values and moral maturityTopic: Ethical DecisionMakingSkill: ConceptAACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning20)By not cheating on this test, you are exhibiting character strengths in line with values ofhonesty.Answer: TRUEExplanation: Character strengths emerge from your values and are the means by which yourvalues are manifested.Diff: 1Learning Objective:1.4 Increase personal awareness of your character strengthsTopic: Character StrengthsSkill: ApplicationAACSB: Diverse and multicultural work environments

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721) The primary dimensions of cognitive style include (1) the manner in which you gatherinformation, and (2) the way in which you talk about information to other people.Answer: FALSEExplanation: The primary dimensions of cognitive style include the manner in which you gatherinformation and the manner in which you interpret and act on information. Cognitive style is notrelated to the way you talk to others about information.Diff: 1Learning Objective: 1.5 Increase personal awareness of your cognitive styleTopic: Cognitive StyleSkill: ConceptAACSB: Application of knowledge22) Someonewho is strong on the planning dimension of cognitive style tends to seek agendas,outlines, and clear processes.Answer: TRUEExplanation: The planning dimension of cognitive styleentails a focus on structure, plans, andpreparation. Consequently, someone with a planning style would prefer using agendas, outlines,and clear processes.Diff: 1Learning Objective: 1.5 Increase personal awareness of your cognitive styleTopic: Planning StyleSkill: ConceptAACSB: Application of knowledge23) Someone who is strong on the creating dimension of cognitive style tends to focus on thecredibility of data and will emphasize accuracy and precision.Answer: FALSEExplanation:People witha creating style emphasize creativity and risk-taking, and may beresistant to structure and precedent. They also may be prone to making mistakes, so an emphasison accuracy and precision is not a characteristic of creating style.Diff: 1Learning Objective: 1.5 Increase personal awareness of your cognitive styleTopic: Creating StyleSkill: ConceptAACSB: Application of knowledge24) The three dimensions of tolerance of ambiguity are novelty, insolubility, and control.Answer: FALSEExplanation: Tolerance of ambiguity comprises three dimensions: novelty, insolubility, andcomplexity. High tolerance of ambiguity means that one maintains a level of comfort despiteconfronting change that involves any of these three characteristics.Diff: 1Learning Objective: 1.6 Increase personal awareness of your orientation toward changeTopic: Tolerance for AmbiguitySkill: ConceptAACSB: Application of knowledge

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825) Based on the Locus of Control Scale you determine you have an external locus of control.Thismeans that you have always had an external locus of control, and will always have anexternal locus of control, since locus of control is a fixed trait.Answer: FALSEExplanation: Locus of control is not an inborn trait, but results from development of ageneralexpectancy about the dominant sources of the reinforcement they receive. In other words, it didnot develop overnight. Also, locus of control can shift over time, as a function of life experience,job responsibilities, and conscious attitudes.Diff: 1Learning Objective: 1.6 Increase personal awareness of your orientation toward changeTopic: Locus of ControlSkill: ConceptAACSB: Application of knowledge26) The concept of personality refers to the relatively enduring combination of traits thatproduces consistencies in thoughts and behaviors.Answer: TRUEExplanation: This combination of traits is what makes each of us unique. Some of our uniquetraits are genetic, others are learned, but it is our personality traits that manifest differences toothers and inform them who we are.Diff: 1Learning Objective: 1.7 Increase personal awareness of your core self-evaluationTopic: Core Self-EvaluationSkill: ConceptAACSB: Application of knowledge27) Core self-evaluation is the fundamental evaluation each person has developed about him-orherself.Answer: TRUEExplanation: Sometimes referred to as overall self-regard, core self-evaluation is comprised offour components: (1) self-esteem, (2) self-efficacy, (3) neuroticism, and (4) locus ofcontrol. Thisfundamental evaluation profoundly affects each person's perceptions and behaviors.Diff: 1Learning Objective: 1.7 Increase personal awareness of your core self-evaluationTopic: Core Self-EvaluationSkill:ConceptAACSB: Application of knowledge

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928) To become a better manager, what is one of the first things one should do?A) Improve one's communication skillsB) Seek knowledge of oneselfC) Manage one's time betterD) Empower one's employeesAnswer: BExplanation: A) Incorrect. Improved communication is one of the later steps in improvingmanagerial skills. A manager should first seek self-knowledge. This self-knowledge is necessarybecause we cannot improve ourselves or develop new capabilities unless and until we know whatlevel ofcapabilities we currently possess.B) Correct. This self-knowledge is necessary because we cannot improve ourselves or developnew capabilities unless and until we know what level of capabilities we currently possess.C) Incorrect. Improved time-managementis one of the later steps in improving managerial skills.A manager should first seek self-knowledge. This self-knowledge is necessary because wecannot improve ourselves or develop new capabilities unless and until we knowwhat level ofcapabilities we currently possess.D) Incorrect. Employee empowerment is one of the later steps in improving managerial skills. Amanager should first seek self-knowledge. This self-knowledge is necessary because we cannotimprove ourselves or develop new capabilities unless and until we know what level ofcapabilities we currently possess.Diff: 2Learning Objective: 1.1 Increase personal awareness of your sensitive lineTopic: Key Dimensions of Self-AwarenessSkill: ConceptAACSB: Application of knowledge

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1029) How should managers know and accept others?A) Be an enigma to themselvesB) Work toward enlightenment and unselfishnessC) Work toward self-awareness and self-acceptanceD) Work toward self-reverence and reflectionAnswer: CExplanation: A) Incorrect. Being an enigma to oneself is not helpful in a managerial situation.Managers should work toward self-awareness and self-acceptance. Once managers are aware ofand accept themselves, they areable to understand and accept others.B) Incorrect. Self-denial and unselfishness are not always helpful in managerial situations.Managers should work toward self-awareness and self-acceptance. Once managers are aware ofand accept themselves, they are able to understand and accept others.C) Correct. Once managers are awareof and accept themselves, they are able to understand andaccept others.D) Incorrect. Self-reverence may actually be counterproductive, because self-reverent peoplefear discovering negative information about themselves. Managers should work toward self-awareness and self-acceptance in order to know and accept others.Diff: 1Learning Objective: 1.1 Increase personal awareness of your sensitive lineTopic: The Enigma of Self-AwarenessSkill: ConceptAACSB: Application of knowledge30) How can the enigma of self-awareness be managed?A) Avoid information contradictory to one's self-imageB) Seek information from others about one's selfC) Make sure to cross the sensitive lines of othersD) Challenge information inconsistent with one's self-imageAnswer: BExplanation: A) Incorrect. The enigma of self-awareness is that self-awareness is a prerequisiteand a motivator of growth and improvement, but that it may also inhibit growth andimprovement. Avoiding contradictory information does not improve self-awareness, but ratherinhibits growth and improvement because it merely reinforces our current views of ourselves.B) Correct. It is almost impossible to increase skill in self-awareness unless we interact with anddisclose ourselves to others, because they see attributes and behaviors that we are unaware of.C) Incorrect. The sensitive line is a concept that allows us to help manage and facilitateproductive self-awareness and discoveryin others. Intentionally crossing it is counterproductiveto good management.D) Incorrect. The enigma of self-awareness is that self-awareness is a prerequisite and amotivator of growth and improvement, but that it may also inhibit growth and improvement.Challenging inconsistent information does not improve self-awareness, but rather inhibits growthand improvement because it merely reinforces our current views of ourselves.Diff: 2Learning Objective: 1.1 Increase personal awareness of your sensitivelineTopic: The Sensitive LineSkill: ApplicationAACSB: Applicationof knowledge

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1131) What does the text suggest is an important element in gaining self awareness?A) Practising introverted reflectionB)Being careful to not cross the sensitive lineC) Involving othersD) Being highly selective about who to get informationfromAnswer: CExplanation: A) Incorrect. Self-examination and meditation is mentioned as one solution. Themost often prescribed solution is to involve others in one's own self-awareness efforts.B) Incorrect. Though not crossing the sensitive line canimprove the self-awareness of others, itdoes not have as much of an effect on one's own self-awareness. The most often prescribedsolution is to involve others in one's own self-awareness efforts.C) Correct. Involving others brings helpful insights andthe perspectives of others into the questfor self-discovery. They often see things more clearly than we see them ourselves.D) Incorrect. Carefully selecting sources of information may actually be counterproductive toone's search for self-awareness. Themost often prescribed solution is to involve others in one'sown self-awareness efforts.Diff: 2Learning Objective: 1.1 Increase personal awareness of your sensitive lineTopic: The Sensitive LineSkill: ConceptAACSB: Application of knowledge32) Responding to a remark from a peer that a report looks like it was slapped together at the lastminute (you had spent most of last week working on it), the sensitive line was crossed.Which ofthe following is a response most related to the sensitive line being crossed?A) "I think you are right, thanks for the feedback."B) "You don't know what you are talking about! Call my boss if you don't believe me!"C) "Well, maybe I did or maybe I didn't, what do you care?"D) "Could you tell me how I might improve the report?"Answer: CExplanation: A) Incorrect. The concept of the sensitive line states that the greater thediscrepancy between thefeedback and your self-concept, the greater the likelihood that it willevoke a strong defensive response. This responsedoes not indicate that the sensitive line haseven been crossed.B) Incorrect. Though this is a possible response, you are more likelyto question the validity ofthe source than to appeal to a higher authority, who may in fact agree with the negative remark.C) Correct. This is typical threat-rigidity response attacking the validity of the co-worker'sopinion which accompanies a breach of the sensitive line.D) Incorrect. The concept of the sensitive line states that the greater the discrepancy between thefeedback and your self-concept, the greater the likelihood that it will evoke a strong defensiveresponse. This response only hints that the sensitive line has been crossed.Diff: 2Learning Objective: 1.1 Increase personal awareness of your sensitive lineTopic: The SensitiveLineSkill: ApplicationAACSB: Application of knowledge

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1233) George has returned from his two-week trip to India. He believes his trip has provided anintrospection that increased his self-knowledge. When you begin to question him about hisexperiences,he becomes defensive and states, "I don't want to talk about it with you!" Based onthe review of self-awareness in the text, what would be themost accurateconclusion?A) Yes, it probably has increased his self-knowledge. Now heis protective of that knowledge.B) No, it probably has not increased his self-knowledge.C) Maybe, maybe not, depends upon what rituals he practiced.D) Yes, because he has become more self-assertive and aware of what he wants to talk about.Answer: BExplanation: A) Incorrect. Protecting knowledge and experiences does not indicate increasedself-awareness; rather, self-disclosure is a key to improvement in self-awareness. George'sunwillingness to share insights he gained indicates that he has probablynot increased his self-knowledge.B) Correct. George's unwillingness to share insights he gained indicates that he has probably notincreased his self-knowledge. If he truly had gained awareness, he would be eager and willing toshare it.C) Incorrect. George's self-awareness does not depend on the rituals he practiced during his tripto India. Self-disclosure is a key to improvement in self-awareness. George's unwillingness toshare insights he gained indicates that he has probably not increased his self-knowledge.D) Incorrect.Assertiveness is not indicative of self-awareness. In fact, self-disclosure is a key toimprovement in self-awareness. George's unwillingness to share insights he gained indicates thathe has probably not increased his self-knowledge.Diff: 3Learning Objective: 1.1 Increase personal awareness of your sensitive lineTopic: The Sensitive LineSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Application of knowledge

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1334) You want to be seen as interpersonally competent and be well liked by your collegepeers.Which behaviors aremost likely to be viewed positively?A) Consistently supply creative solutions to problemsB) Openly and honestly share everything about yourself whenever the opportunity arisesC) Maintain privacy and be secretive about your life, creating an air of mysteryD) Be willing to disclose yourself to others and share personal insights in discussionsAnswer: DExplanation: A)Incorrect. This may be true for some individuals, but there is no indication thatthis is a generally liked trait.B) Incorrect. People who are high self-disclosers are liked better and have closer relationships,but not when the self-disclosure is excessive.C) Incorrect. People who are high self-disclosers are liked better and have closer relationshipsthan those who self-disclose insufficiently.D) Correct. High self-disclosers are seen as more interpersonally competent, are liked better,have closer relationships and are seen as more similar and enjoyable that low self-disclosers.Diff: 3Learning Objective: 1.1 Increase personal awareness of your sensitive lineTopic: Understanding and Appreciating Individual DifferencesSkill: ApplicationAACSB: Interpersonal relations and teamwork35) George made the following comment to Sarah, one of his co-workers: "Gene'srecommendation to cut costs by eliminating travel to training seminars just shows he really isn'taware of how important training is. His lack of insight shows that people of his backgroundaren't savvy enough to figure out the business world." George's comment isA) observing a difference.B) creating a distinction.C) focusing on an artificial social barrier.D) creating a false value for a particular background.Answer: BExplanation: A) Incorrect. Differences are observable and can help us understand potentialsources of misunderstanding. Distinctions are things that we create to form social barriers. Thisis actually an example of creating a distinction: a social barrier based on Gene's "background."B) Correct. A distinction is more than just being aware of a difference. It is creating a barrierbetween groups of people based on generalized (and usually unwarranted assumptions. In thiscase, George creates a social barrier around people of Gene's "background."C) Incorrect. The social barrier does not exist until George creates it. This is actually an exampleof creating a distinction, a social barrier, around people of Gene's "background."D) Incorrect. This is actually an example of creating a distinction, a social barrier, around Gene's"background."Diff: 2Learning Objective: 1.1 Increase personal awareness of your sensitive lineTopic: Understanding and Appreciating Individual DifferencesSkill: ApplicationAACSB: Diverse and multicultural work environments; Application of knowledge

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1436)Some of the areas of self-awareness are listed in 1 through 4. Which of the following arecorrectly listed as areas of self-awareness?1. personalvalues2. creativity3. emotional intelligence4. core self-evaluationA) All four areas listed are correct.B) Only areas 1 and 4 are correct.C) Only area 2 is incorrect.D)None of the four areas listed are correct.Answer: CExplanation: A) Incorrect. Creativity is not one of the five core concepts of self-awareness.B) Incorrect. In addition to personal values and core self-evaluation, emotional intelligence is animportant area of self-awareness.C) Correct. Personal values, cognitive style, emotional intelligence, orientation toward change,and core self-evaluation are all important areas of self-awareness. Creativity, however, is not apart of self-awareness.D) Incorrect. Personal values, emotional intelligence, and core self-evaluation are all importantareas of self-awareness.Diff: 1Learning Objective: 1.1 Increase personal awareness of your sensitive lineTopic: Important Areas of Self-AwarenessSkill: ConceptAACSB: Application of knowledge37) The manner in which individuals gather and process information is a part of which of thefollowing?A) Personal valuesB) Cognitive styleC) AdaptabilityD) CreativityAnswer: BExplanation: A) Incorrect. Personal values give rise to attitudes, orientations, and behaviors. Themanner in which individuals gather and process information is a part of cognitive style.B) Correct. This information-gatheringprocess is important; researchers have found thatdifferences in cognitive style influence our perceptions, learning, problem solving, decisionmaking, creativity, and communication.C) Incorrect. Adaptability is an element of one's orientation toward change. The manner in whichindividuals gather and process informationis a part of cognitive style.D) Incorrect. Level of creativity is an element of one's core self-evaluation. The manner in whichindividuals gather and process information is a part of cognitive style.Diff: 1Learning Objective:1.1 Increase personal awareness of your sensitive lineTopic: Important Areas of Self-AwarenessSkill: ConceptAACSB: Application of knowledge

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