QQuestionChemistry
QuestionChemistry
# 2 Question
Use the periodic table $\varnothing$ to write the electron configuration of gallium (Ga).
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Answer
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Step 1:: First, let's find the atomic number of gallium (Ga) on the periodic table.
The atomic number of Ga is 31.
Step 2:: The electron configuration of an element can be determined by filling up the atomic orbitals according to the Aufbau principle, Pauli's exclusion principle, and Hund's rule.
Step 3:: For gallium, we start by filling the 1s orbital.
1s^{2}
Step 4:: Next, fill the 2s and 2p orbitals.
1s^{2} \ 2s^{2} \ 2p^{6}
Step 5:: Then, fill the 3s and 3p orbitals.
1s^{2} \ 2s^{2} \ 2p^{6} \ 3s^{2} \ 3p^{6}
Step 6:: Gallium has 31 electrons, so we have 31 - 18 = 13 electrons left to place in the 4s and 3d orbitals.
Step 7:: Fill the 4s orbital with 2 electrons.
1s^{2} \ 2s^{2} \ 2p^{6} \ 3s^{2} \ 3p^{6} \ 4s^{2}
Step 8:: Finally, fill the 3d orbital with the remaining 11 electrons.
1s^{2} \ 2s^{2} \ 2p^{6} \ 3s^{2} \ 3p^{6} \ 4s^{2} \ 3d^{10}
However, due to Hund's rule, we need to place one electron in each of the five 3d orbitals before pairing them up.
Final Answer
The electron configuration of gallium (Ga) is 1s^{2} \ 2s^{2} \ 2p^{6} \ 3s^{2} \ 3p^{6} \ 4s^{2} \ 3d^{10}.
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