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QuestionChemistry

According to the VSEPR model, the predicted molecular geometry of ammonia, NH₃, is: linear trigonal planar tetrahedral trigonal pyramidal
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Step 1:
I'll solve this problem step by step, following the specified formatting guidelines:

Step 2:
: Understand the VSEPR Model

In this case, we're analyzing the molecular geometry of ammonia ($$\mathrm{NH}_{3}$$).
The Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) model helps predict molecular geometry based on the number of electron domains around the central atom.

Step 3:
: Determine the Central Atom and Electron Domains

- The central atom is nitrogen (N) - Count the electron domains: * 3 bonding domains (N-H bonds) * 1 lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom - Total electron domains: 4

Step 4:
: Analyze Electron Domain Geometry

With 4 total electron domains, the electron domain geometry is tetrahedral. However, this is not the same as molecular geometry.

Step 5:
: Determine Molecular Geometry

- 3 bonding domains - 1 lone pair - This results in a trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry - The lone pair causes the molecule to be non-planar and pyramidal

Step 6:
: Eliminate Incorrect Options

- Linear: Incorrect (does not match the molecular structure) - Trigonal planar: Incorrect (would require 3 bonding domains with no lone pair) - Tetrahedral: Incorrect (describes electron domain geometry, not molecular geometry)

Final Answer

The key insight is that the lone pair on the nitrogen atom pushes the hydrogen atoms into a pyramidal shape, creating the trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry for ammonia (\mathrm{NH}_{3}).