Q
QuestionChemistry

"Consider nitrous acid, HNO₂ (HONO) What is the molecular geometry of the nitrogen in HNO^2? O Octahedral O Triangular planar O Linear O Tetrahedral"
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Answer

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Step 1:
I'll solve this step by step using VSEPR theory to determine the molecular geometry of nitrogen in nitrous acid (HNO₂).

Step 2:
: Determine the Lewis structure of HNO₂

- Total valence electrons: $$1 + 5 + 12 = 18$$ electrons
- Nitrogen is the central atom - Count the valence electrons: * Hydrogen: 1 electron * Nitrogen: 5 electrons * Oxygen (two oxygen atoms): 6 × 2 = 12 electrons

Step 3:
: Analyze the electron arrangement around nitrogen

- Draw the Lewis structure showing single and double bonds - One oxygen is double-bonded to nitrogen - One oxygen is single-bonded to nitrogen and hydrogen - Nitrogen has one lone pair of electrons

Step 4:
: Determine electron domain geometry

- Count electron domains around nitrogen - Double bond = 1 domain - Single bond = 1 domain - Lone pair = 1 domain - Total electron domains: 3 domains

Step 5:
: Apply VSEPR theory

- 3 electron domains around central nitrogen - Electron domain geometry is trigonal planar - Presence of a lone pair slightly distorts the geometry

Step 6:
: Determine molecular geometry

- With 3 electron domains and 1 lone pair - Molecular geometry is bent (not perfectly planar) - Bond angle will be slightly less than 120°

Final Answer

The molecular geometry of nitrogen in HNO₂ is triangular planar, with a slight deviation due to the lone pair on the nitrogen atom.