QQuestionChemistry
QuestionChemistry
Determine which is the larger species.
$\mathrm{Li}^{+}$
Li
Determine which is the larger species.
$\mathrm{S}^{2 -}$
S
Determine which is the larger species.
$\mathrm{Na}^{+}$
$\mathrm{O}^{2 -}$
Arrange these ions according to ionic radius.
Largest radius
Smallest radius
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Answer
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Step 1:: Understand the problem
We are given three pairs of ions and asked to determine which ion in each pair has the larger radius. We also need to arrange the given ions according to their increasing ionic radii.
Step 2:: Recall the trend of ionic radii in the periodic table
Ionic radius generally decreases when going from left to right along a period (row) in the periodic table and increases when going down a group (column).
Step 3:: Compare ions in each pair
- For Li and Li+, Li has a larger radius since Li+ has lost an electron and has a positive charge, causing the electron-proton distance to decrease and the radius to be smaller. - For S and S^(2 -), S^(2 -) has a larger radius because it has gained two electrons, which increases the electron-proton distance and results in a larger radius. - For Na+ and O^(2 -), O^(2 -) has a larger radius due to the same reasoning as in step 3, part b.
Step 4:: Arrange ions according to increasing ionic radius
Based on the trend mentioned in step 2 and the comparisons made in step 3, the order of increasing ionic radius is: Li+ < Li < Na+ < S < O^(2 -)
Final Answer
- The larger species in the first pair is Li. - The larger species in the second pair is S^(2 -). - The larger species in the third pair is O^(2 -). - The given ions arranged according to increasing ionic radius are: Li+, Li, Na+, S, O^(2 -).
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