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QuestionChemistry

Draw the Lewis structure for the conjugate acid of ammonia. Draw the Lewis structure for the conjugate base of ammonia.
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Step 1:
I'll solve this problem step by step, following the specified LaTeX formatting guidelines:

Step 2:
: Understand the Conjugate Acid of Ammonia

- The conjugate acid of ammonia is the ammonium ion ($$NH_{4}^{+}$$)
- To create the Lewis structure, we'll add a hydrogen ion (H^{+}) to the ammonia molecule

Step 3:
: Draw the Lewis Structure for Ammonium Ion (NH_{4}^{+})

- Total valence electrons: $$5 + (4 \times 1) - 1 = 8$$ electrons
- Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons - Each hydrogen contributes 1 electron - The positive charge means we'll remove one electron

Step 4:
: Arrange the Lewis Structure

- Nitrogen will be the central atom - Four hydrogen atoms will bond to nitrogen - Use single bonds to connect hydrogens to nitrogen - Distribute remaining electrons to achieve octet for nitrogen Final Lewis Structure for Conjugate Acid: \begin{array}{c} \text{H} \ \text{|} \ \text{H-N}^{+}-\text{H} \ \text{|} \ \text{H} \end{array}

Step 5:
: Conjugate Base of Ammonia

- Remove one hydrogen from ammonia - Gain one electron to create negative charge Final Lewis Structure for Conjugate Base: \begin{array}{c} \text{H} \ \text{|} \ \text{H-N}^{-} \end{array}

Final Answer

- Conjugate Acid Lewis Structure: Tetrahedral NH_{4}^{+} with four single bonds - Conjugate Base Lewis Structure: Bent NH_{2}^{-} with two single bonds