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QuestionChemistry

Is HCl polar or nonpolar? Explain.
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Step 1:
I'll solve this problem step by step, explaining the polarity of HCl:

Step 2:
: Understand Molecular Structure

- HCl consists of hydrogen (H) and chlorine (Cl) atoms - The molecule forms a simple diatomic structure - We need to examine the electronegativity difference between H and Cl

Step 3:
: Electronegativity Comparison

- Electronegativity difference: $$3.16 - 2.20 = 0.96
- Chlorine electronegativity: 3.16

Step 4:
: Determine Polarity Criteria

- An electronegativity difference > $$0.5$$ indicates a polar bond
- The more electronegative atom (Cl) pulls electron density away from H - This creates a partial negative charge on Cl and partial positive charge on H

Step 5:
: Molecular Geometry

- Linear molecular geometry - Unequal electron distribution creates a permanent dipole moment - The molecule has a distinct positive and negative end

Final Answer

HCl is a POLAR molecule due to the significant electronegativity difference between H and Cl, which creates an uneven electron distribution and a permanent dipole moment.