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Step 1:I'll solve this problem step by step, following the specified LaTeX formatting guidelines:
Step 2:: Understand Molecular Polarity
To determine if HF is polar or nonpolar, we need to examine its molecular structure and electronegativity differences.
Step 3:: Check Electronegativity
- Hydrogen (H) electronegativity: $$2.20
- Fluorine (F) electronegativity: 3.98
Step 4:: Calculate Electronegativity Difference
\Delta \chi = |3.98 - 2.20| = 1.78
Step 5:: Analyze Electronegativity Difference
An electronegativity difference greater than $$0.5$$ typically indicates a polar bond.
The large difference here suggests significant charge separation.
Step 6:: Molecular Geometry
HF has a simple linear molecular geometry with the fluorine atom pulling electron density away from hydrogen.
Step 7:: Determine Polarity
Because of: - Large electronegativity difference - Uneven electron distribution - Asymmetric charge separation
Final Answer
The significant electronegativity difference between H and F creates a polar covalent bond with an uneven electron distribution.
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