QQuestionChemistry
QuestionChemistry
Match the following terms and definitions:
The smallest unit of an element
atom
The path surrounding the nucleus of an atom in which electrons are normally located
shell
The number of protons in the nucleus of the atom
atomic number
A pure substance where atoms of two or more elements are chemically bonded to one another
compound
The positively charged center of an atom
nucleus
Exists in orbit around the nucleus of an atom and carries a negative charge
electron
The smallest unit of a pure substance that consists of two or more atoms held together by a chemical bond
molecule
The mass of an element
atomic mass
A subatomic particle that carries no charge
neutron
Containing two atoms
diatomic
A subatomic particle with a positive charge
proton
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Answer
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Step 1:: Match the term "atom" to its definition: The smallest unit of an element.
Atoms are the fundamental building blocks of matter, and they cannot be broken down into smaller parts using chemical reactions. Each atom of an element has the same number of protons in its nucleus, which determines the element's identity.
Step 2:: Match the term "shell" to its definition: The path surrounding the nucleus of an atom in which electrons are normally located.
Electrons in an atom are arranged in distinct energy levels or shells around the nucleus. These shells, also known as electron shells, are responsible for the organization of electrons in an atom. The maximum number of electrons that can occupy a shell is given by the formula 2n^2, where n is the principal quantum number of the shell.
Step 3:: Match the term "atomic number" to its definition: The number of protons in the nucleus of the atom.
The atomic number of an element is a unique identifier that distinguishes it from other elements. It is equal to the number of protons present in the nucleus of an atom of that element. For example, a carbon atom has an atomic number of 6, meaning it has 6 protons in its nucleus.
Step 4:: Match the term "compound" to its definition: A pure substance where atoms of two or more elements are chemically bonded to one another.
A compound is a type of pure substance that consists of two or more different elements chemically bonded together. The atoms in a compound share electrons to form covalent bonds or transfer electrons to form ionic bonds. The properties of a compound are different from those of its constituent elements.
Step 5:: Match the term "nucleus" to its definition: The positively charged center of an atom.
The nucleus is the central part of an atom that contains protons and neutrons. It is positively charged due to the presence of protons. The number of protons in the nucleus determines the atomic number of the element.
Step 6:: Match the term "electron" to its definition: Exists in orbit around the nucleus of an atom and carries a negative charge.
Electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles that orbit around the nucleus of an atom. They are responsible for the chemical properties of elements, as they participate in chemical reactions by forming bonds with other atoms.
Step 7:: Match the term "molecule" to its definition: The smallest unit of a pure substance that consists of two or more atoms held together by a chemical bond.
A molecule is the smallest unit of a pure substance that retains the chemical properties of that substance. It consists of two or more atoms held together by a chemical bond. Molecules can be composed of atoms of the same element (homonuclear molecules) or different elements (heteronuclear molecules).
Step 8:: Match the term "atomic mass" to its definition: The mass of an element.
The atomic mass of an element is a measure of the mass of a single atom of that element. It is usually expressed in atomic mass units (amu) or unified atomic mass units (u). The atomic mass of an element is approximately equal to the sum of the masses of its protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Step 9:: Match the term "neutron" to its definition: A subatomic particle that carries no charge.
Neutrons are neutral subatomic particles that are present in the nucleus of an atom, along with protons. They contribute to the overall mass of the atom but do not affect its electrical charge.
Step 10:: Match the term "diatomic" to its definition: Containing two atoms.
The term "diatomic" is used to describe a molecule that consists of two atoms. Diatomic molecules can be composed of atoms of the same element (e.g., O^2, N2) or different elements (e.g., HCl, CO).
Final Answer
Atom: The smallest unit of an element. Shell: The path surrounding the nucleus of an atom in which electrons are normally located. Atomic number: The number of protons in the nucleus of the atom. Compound: A pure substance where atoms of two or more elements are chemically bonded to one another. Nucleus: The positively charged center of an atom. Electron: Exists in orbit around the nucleus of an atom and carries a negative charge. Molecule: The smallest unit of a pure substance that consists of two or more atoms held together by a chemical bond. Atomic mass: The mass of an element. Neutron: A subatomic particle that carries no charge. Diatomic: Containing two atoms.
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