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QuestionChemistry

The molecular geometry of the PF^3 molecule is __________, and this molecule is __________.
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Step 1:
Before diving into the solution, let's recall the relevant concept and formula:

- VSEPR Theory (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion): This theory helps us predict molecular geometry based on the repulsion of electron pairs in the valence shell of the central atom. Now, let's solve the problem step-by-step:

Step 2:

Identify the central atom and the number of electron pairs around it. - The central atom in PF^3 is Phosphorus (P). - Phosphorus has 5 electrons in its outer shell, and each Fluorine atom contributes 1 electron, resulting in a total of 6 electron pairs. \text{Central atom: } \mathrm{P}, \text{ Total electron pairs: } 6

Step 3:

Apply the VSEPR theory to determine the molecular geometry. - With 6 electron pairs, the molecular geometry is trigonal bipyramidal. - However, since there are only 3 ligands (Fluorine atoms) attached to the central atom, the actual molecular geometry is a distorted tetrahedral shape, where one position is occupied by a lone pair. - This geometry is called "T-shaped." \text{Molecular geometry: } \mathrm{T}\text{-shaped}

Step 4:

Determine the molecule's polarity based on the molecular geometry and electronegativity differences. - Fluorine is more electronegative than Phosphorus, so the P-F bonds are polar. - However, the lone pair on Phosphorus creates a significant distortion in the T-shape, which cancels out the dipoles from the P-F bonds, resulting in a nonpolar molecule. \text{Molecule polarity: } \text{Nonpolar}

Final Answer

The molecular geometry of the PF^3 molecule is T-shaped, and this molecule is nonpolar.