QQuestionChemistry
QuestionChemistry
"Use electron-dot notation to illustrate the number of valence electrons present in one atom of each of the following elements.
a. Li
b. Ca
c. Cl
d. O
e. C
f. P
g. Al
h. S"
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Answer
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Step 1:I'll solve this problem step by step using electron-dot notation (Lewis dot structures) for valence electrons.
Step 2:: Understand Electron-Dot Notation
- Electron-dot notation shows the number of valence electrons for an atom - Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell - Dots are placed around the element symbol, with a maximum of 8 dots (except for elements in periods 1 - 2)
Step 3:: Determine Valence Electrons for Each Element
Dot notation: $$\mathrm{S} \bullet \bullet \bullet \bullet
a. Li (Lithium): - Atomic number: 3 - Valence electrons: 1 b. Ca (Calcium): - Atomic number: 20 - Valence electrons: 2 c. Cl (Chlorine): - Atomic number: 17 - Valence electrons: 7 d. O (Oxygen): - Atomic number: 8 - Valence electrons: 6 e. C (Carbon): - Atomic number: 6 - Valence electrons: 4 f. P (Phosphorus): - Atomic number: 15 - Valence electrons: 5 g. Al (Aluminum): - Atomic number: 13 - Valence electrons: 3 h. S (Sulfur): - Atomic number: 16 - Valence electrons: 6
Final Answer
The electron-dot notations for the given elements are shown in the detailed solution above, representing the number of valence electrons for each atom.
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