QQuestionChemistry
QuestionChemistry
Use the MO diagram provided below to answer the following questions:
What is the bond order for C^2?
Is C^2 paramagnetic or diamagnetic?
What is the bond order for C^−2?
Is C^−2 paramagnetic or diamagnetic?
What is the bond order for C^+ 2?
Is C^+ 2 paramagnetic or diamagnetic?
Which of the three has the longest bond?
Which of the three has the strongest bond?
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Answer
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Step 1:I'll solve this step by step using the MO diagram and proper LaTeX formatting.
Step 2:: Analyze the Molecular Orbital (MO) Diagram for C^2
- The MO diagram shows the electronic configuration for C^2 - We'll count electrons in bonding and antibonding orbitals to determine bond order and magnetic properties
Step 3:: Bond Order Calculation
The bond order formula is: $$\text{Bond Order} = \frac{(\text{Number of Bonding Electrons}) - (\text{Number of Antibonding Electrons})}{2}
Step 4:: C^2 (Neutral Molecule)
- Bond Order: $$\frac{8 - 4}{2} = 2
- Total electrons: 12 - Bonding electrons: 8 - Antibonding electrons: 4 - Magnetic property: Diamagnetic (all electrons paired)
Step 5:: C^−2 (Negative Ion)
- Bond Order: $$\frac{10 - 4}{2} = 3
- Total electrons: 14 - Bonding electrons: 10 - Antibonding electrons: 4 - Magnetic property: Diamagnetic (all electrons paired)
Step 6:: C^+ 2 (Positive Ion)
- Bond Order: $$\frac{6 - 4}{2} = 1
- Total electrons: 10 - Bonding electrons: 6 - Antibonding electrons: 4 - Magnetic property: Paramagnetic (unpaired electrons)
Step 7:: Bond Length and Strength
- Bond order is inversely related to bond length - Higher bond order typically means shorter, stronger bond - C^−2 has the highest bond order (3), so it has the shortest and strongest bond - C^+ 2 has the lowest bond order (1), so it has the longest and weakest bond
Final Answer
1. C^2 Bond Order: 2 2. C^2 Magnetic Property: Diamagnetic 3. C^−2 Bond Order: 3 4. C^−2 Magnetic Property: Diamagnetic 5. C^+ 2 Bond Order: 1 6. C^+ 2 Magnetic Property: Paramagnetic 7. Longest Bond: C^+ 2 8. Strongest Bond: C^−2
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