QQuestionChemistry
QuestionChemistry
What are the electron and molecular geometries, respectively, for hydrogen sulfide (H₂S)?
A. Electron geometry is linear; molecular geometry is bent.
B. Electron geometry is tetrahedral; molecular geometry is linear.
C. Electron geometry is tetrahedral; molecular geometry is bent.
D. Electron geometry is bent; molecular geometry is tetrahedral.
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Answer
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Step 1:Let's solve this step by step using VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory:
Step 2:: Determine the central atom and valence electrons
- Total valence electrons: $$6 + (2 \times 1) = 8$$ electrons
- The central atom is sulfur (S) - Sulfur is in Group 16, so it has 6 valence electrons - Each hydrogen (H) contributes 1 valence electron
Step 3:: Draw the Lewis structure
- Sulfur forms two single bonds with hydrogen atoms - Sulfur has two lone pairs of electrons - Total electron domains: 4 (2 bonding, 2 non-bonding)
Step 4:: Determine electron geometry
- 4 total electron domains - Electron geometry is tetrahedral - This is because the electron domains arrange themselves to minimize repulsion
Step 5:: Determine molecular geometry
- 2 bonding domains (H atoms) - 2 lone pairs on sulfur - This results in a bent molecular geometry - The lone pairs push the hydrogen atoms closer together, creating a bent shape
Step 6:: Analyze the options
- Electron geometry is tetrahedral - Molecular geometry is bent
Final Answer
Electron geometry is tetrahedral; molecular geometry is bent. Key Concepts: - VSEPR theory predicts molecular shape based on electron domain arrangement - Lone pairs occupy more space than bonding pairs - Lone pairs cause deviation from ideal geometric angles
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