QQuestionChemistry
QuestionChemistry
"What is the molecular geometry of carbon dioxide, CO₂?
A. bent
B. linear
C. tetrahedral
D. trigonal pyramidal
E. not enough information"
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Answer
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Step 1:: Understand the problem and identify the concept being tested.
We are asked to determine the molecular geometry of carbon dioxide (CO₂) based on its Lewis structure. The concept being tested here is an understanding of molecular geometry and its relationship with Lewis structures.
Step 2:: Draw the Lewis structure of CO₂.
Carbon dioxide consists of one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms. The carbon atom forms double bonds with both oxygen atoms. The Lewis structure for CO₂ is: \mathrm{O}=\overset{\cdot \cdot}{\mathrm{C}}=\overset{\cdot \cdot}{\mathrm{O}}
Step 3:: Determine the electron group geometry.
For CO₂, there are two regions of electron density around the central carbon atom (each double bond counts as one region). The electron group geometry is therefore linear.
Step 4:: Determine the molecular geometry.
Molecular geometry is based on the electron group geometry, but it also considers the presence or absence of lone pairs on the central atom. In this case, there are no lone pairs on the carbon atom. So, the molecular geometry is the same as the electron group geometry, which is linear.
Step 5:: Identify the correct answer choice.
Comparing the calculated molecular geometry with the answer choices, we find that option B, "linear," is the correct answer.
Final Answer
The molecular geometry of CO₂ is linear (option B).
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