QQuestionChemistry
QuestionChemistry
Which of the following contains only atoms that are diamagnetic in their ground state?
a. Kr, Ca, and P
b. Cl, Mg, and Cd
c. Ar, K, and Ba
d. He, Sr, and C
e. Ne, Be, and Zn
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Answer
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Step 1:Let's solve this step by step by examining the electronic configurations and magnetic properties of these atoms.
Step 2:: Understand Diamagnetism
Diamagnetic atoms have: - Completely filled electron shells - All electrons are paired - No unpaired electrons in the ground state
Step 3:: Analyze Kr (Krypton)
- Electronic configuration: $$1s^{2} 2s^{2} 2p^{6} 3s^{2} 3p^{6} 4s^{2} 3d^{10} 4p^{6}
- All electron shells are completely filled - Diamagnetic ✓
Step 4:: Analyze Ca (Calcium)
- Electronic configuration: $$1s^{2} 2s^{2} 2p^{6} 3s^{2} 3p^{6} 4s^{2}
- All electron shells are completely filled - Diamagnetic ✓
Step 5:: Analyze P (Phosphorus)
- Electronic configuration: $$1s^{2} 2s^{2} 2p^{6} 3s^{2} 3p^{3}
- Has unpaired electrons - Paramagnetic ✗
Step 6:: Conclusion for Option a
Option a is incorrect because P is not diamagnetic.
Step 7:- 9: Systematically check other options
(I'll briefly explain the reasoning for each) Option b (Cl, Mg, Cd): - Cl: Has unpaired electrons ✗ - Mg: All electrons paired ✓ - Cd: All electrons paired ✓ Option c (Ar, K, Ba): - Ar: All electrons paired ✓ - K: Has unpaired electron ✗ - Ba: Has unpaired electron ✗ Option d (He, Sr, C): - He: All electrons paired ✓ - Sr: Has unpaired electron ✗ - C: Has unpaired electrons ✗ Option e (Ne, Be, Zn): - Ne: All electrons paired ✓ - Be: All electrons paired ✓ - Zn: All electrons paired ✓
Final Answer
Option e (Ne, Be, and Zn) contains only atoms that are diamagnetic in their ground state.
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