CramX Logo

Q
QuestionChemistry

Why do sodium and chloride combine as NaCl and not Na₂Cl or NaCl₂?
12 months agoReport content

Answer

Full Solution Locked

Sign in to view the complete step-by-step solution and unlock all study resources.

Step 1:
I'll solve this problem step by step, explaining the chemical bonding principles:

Step 2:
: Understand Electron Configuration

- Sodium (Na) has the electron configuration $$1s^{2} 2s^{2} 2p^{6} 3s^{1}
- Chlorine (Cl) has the electron configuration 1s^{2} 2s^{2} 2p^{6} 3s^{2} 3p^{5}

Step 3:
: Analyze Electron Valence

- Sodium wants to lose its single valence electron to achieve a stable octet - Chlorine wants to gain one electron to complete its valence shell

Step 4:
: Ionic Bonding Mechanism

- Sodium loses one electron, becoming $$Na^{+}
- Chlorine gains one electron, becoming Cl^{-} - This creates a 1:1 ratio of ions

Step 5:
: Explain Charge Balance

- The $$Na^{+}$$ ion has a +1 charge
- The Cl^{-} ion has a - 1 charge - These charges exactly balance each other, forming NaCl

Final Answer

Sodium and chloride combine as NaCl because this represents the most stable electron configuration, with a perfect 1:1 charge balance and complete electron shells for both ions.