QQuestionChemistry
QuestionChemistry
Why is vaporization endothermic?
Why is condensation exothermic?
12 months agoReport content
Answer
Full Solution Locked
Sign in to view the complete step-by-step solution and unlock all study resources.
Step 1:I'll solve this problem by explaining the energy changes during phase transitions with a focus on vaporization and condensation.
Step 2:: Understanding Phase Transitions
Phase transitions involve changes in the energy state of molecules as they move between different states of matter. In the case of vaporization and condensation, we're focusing on the transition between liquid and gas states.
Step 3:: Vaporization (Liquid to Gas) - Endothermic Process
Vaporization is endothermic because: - Molecules in a liquid state are closely packed and have intermolecular attractions - To transform into a gas, molecules must overcome these attractive forces - Energy (heat) is required to break the intermolecular bonds - This energy input allows molecules to:
Step 4:
Increase their kinetic energy
Step 5:
Overcome attractive forces
Step 6:
\text{Liquid} + \text{Heat Energy} \rightarrow \text{Gas}
Spread out into a gaseous state
Step 7:: Condensation (Gas to Liquid) - Exothermic Process
\text{Gas} \rightarrow \text{Liquid} + \text{Heat Energy}
Condensation is exothermic because: - Gas molecules are moving rapidly and far apart - As they cool and come closer together, they release energy - Intermolecular attractions are re-established - The kinetic energy of molecules decreases - Heat is released to the surrounding environment
Final Answer
- Vaporization is endothermic because energy is absorbed to break intermolecular bonds - Condensation is exothermic because energy is released when intermolecular bonds reform
Need Help with Homework?
Stuck on a difficult problem? We've got you covered:
- Post your question or upload an image
- Get instant step-by-step solutions
- Learn from our AI and community of students