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French I - Pronouns

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Study GuideFrench I–Pronouns1.Independent (Stress) Pronouns1. What Independent (Stress) Pronouns AreIndependent pronouns(also calledstress pronouns) canstand aloneor follow averb orpreposition.They are used to:•emphasize a person•highlight or replace a noun or pronoun•answer questions•follow prepositions2. French Independent Pronouns

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Study Guide3. Emphasizing the SubjectStress pronouns can be usedat the beginning of a sentenceto emphasize the subject.Example:•Moi, je suis vraiment indépendant.Me, I'm really independent.This highlights the speaker.4. When There Is No VerbIndependent pronouns canstand aloneas answers.Example:•Qui veut partir ?Who wants to leave?•Moi.Me.5. After PrepositionsIndependent pronouns are usedafter prepositions(such as à, chez, pour, avec).Example:•Allons chez elle.Let's go to her house.6. After C'estThey are also used afterc'est.Example:•C'est moi qui pars.I'm the one leaving.

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Study Guide7. Used After Certain VerbsSome expressions requireà + stress pronoun.Examples:•avoir affaire à–to deal with•être à–to belong to•faire attention à–to pay attention to•penser à–to think about•se fier à–to trust•s'intéresser à–to be interested inExample:•Ceci est à moi.This belongs to me.8. In Compound SubjectsStress pronouns are used whentwo subjects are combined.Examples:•Lui et moi allons au restaurant.He and I are going to the restaurant.•Sylvie et toi dînez chez Marie.Sylvia and you are dining at Marie's.9. Agreement in Compound SubjectsWhenmoiis part of a compound subject, French usually summarizes the subject asnous (we).Example:•Lui et moi allons au restaurant.

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Study GuideWhentoiis used in a compound subject, the sentence is treated likevous (you plural).Example:•Sylvie et toi dînez chez Marie.Even thoughnousorvousmay not appear in the sentence, theverb agrees with them.10. Using-même(s) for EmphasisThe wordmêmecan be added to stress pronouns to emphasize“self” or “by oneself.”Example:•Je suis allé au concert moi-même.I went to the concert myself.Key TakeawayIndependent (stress) pronouns:•emphasize a person•stand alone or followprepositions•are used inanswers, compound subjects, and after c'est•can be strengthened with-même(s)for emphasis.2.Relative Pronouns in French1. What Relative Pronouns DoArelative pronounconnects amain clausewith adependent clause.It refers back to a noun or pronoun already mentioned, called theantecedent.Relative pronouns are similar to English words like:•who•which•that

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Study GuideExample:•C'est la femme qui a gagné.She is the woman who won.Here,la femmeis theantecedent, andquiintroduces the clause describing her.2. Using qui (Subject)Quimeanswho, which, or thatand acts as thesubjectof the relative clause.Because it is the subject,a verb follows it.Structure:antecedent + qui + verbExample:•C'est la femme qui a gagné.She is the woman who won.The verb must agree with theantecedent:•C'est moi qui choisis les bons cafés.I am the one who chooses the good cafés.3. Using que (Direct Object)Quemeanswhom, which, or thatand acts as thedirect objectin the relative clause.Structure:antecedent + que + subject + verbExample:•C'est l'homme que j'adore.He is the man that I love.Note:Even if“that”is omitted in English,que must always appear in French.

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Study Guide4. Using qui After a Preposition (for People)When the relative pronoun refers toa personand follows apreposition, French usesqui.Example:•Anne est la femme avec qui je travaille.Anne is the woman with whom I work.5. Using lequel (for Things)Lequeland its forms meanwhichand are used mainly forthingsafter prepositions.They mustagree with the antecedent in gender and number.Forms of lequelExample:•Voilà la piscine dans laquelle je nage.There is the pool in which I swim.6. Contractions with à and deWhenlequelfollows the prepositionsàorde, contractions occur.With à

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Study GuideExample:•Ce sont les hommes auxquels elle pense.Those are the men she is thinking about.With deFormMeaningduquelof whichde laquelleof whichdesquelsof which (plural)desquellesof which (plural feminine)Example:•C'est la classe de laquelle je parlais.That's the class I was talking about.
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Document Details

University
Texas A&M University
Course
French I
Subject
Biochemistry

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