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French I - The Passe Compose

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Study GuideFrench I–The Passe Compose1.Past Participles of Regular VerbsIn French, thepast participleis an important verb form used in tenses such as thepassé composé(a common past tense).Forregular verbs, the past participle is formed byremoving the infinitive endingand replacing itwith a specific ending depending on the verb group.French verbs are usually grouped into three main categories:•–er verbs•–ir verbs•–re verbsEach group follows a simple pattern.1. Past Participles of–er VerbsFor–er verbs, drop–erand add–é.InfinitivePast ParticipleMeaningparlerparléspokenaimeraimélovedtravaillertravailléworkedExample•J’ai parlé à Anne.I spoke to Anne.

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Study Guide2. Past Participles of–ir VerbsFor–ir verbs, drop–irand add–i.InfinitivePast ParticipleMeaningfinirfinifinishedchoisirchoisichosenréussirréussisucceededExample•Nous avons fini.We have finished.3. Past Participles of–re VerbsFor–re verbs, drop–reand add–u.InfinitivePast ParticipleMeaningrépondreréponduansweredvendrevendusoldattendreattenduwaitedExample•Ils ont répondu.They answered.

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Study Guide4. Past Participles of “Shoe Verbs”Some verbs are called“shoe verbs.”Their present tense forms change spelling inside the “shoe-shaped” part of the conjugation chart.However,their past participles do not change spelling in the stem. They follow the normalpattern.Examples•voyager(to travel)Vous avez voyagé.You traveled.•avancer(to advance)L’auto a avancé.The car advanced.•payer(to pay)Ils ont payé.They paid.•acheter(to buy)J’ai acheté un pantalon.I bought pants.•appeler(to call)A-t-elle appelé ?Did she call?•célébrer(to celebrate)Il a célébré son anniversaire.He celebrated his birthday.

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Study GuideKey TakeawayTo form thepast participle of regular French verbs, follow these simple rules:Verb TypeEndingExample–er verbs–éparlé–ir verbs–ifini–re verbs–uréponduImportant points to remember:•Past participles are used incompound tenseslike thepassé composé.•Shoe verbskeep theirnormal stemin the past participle.•The formation rules aresimple and consistentfor regular verbs.2.Past Participles of Irregular VerbsUnlike regular verbs,irregular verbs do not follow a single rulewhen forming their past participles.Because of this, they usually need to bememorized.However, many irregular past participles can be grouped by theircommon endings, which makesthem easier to learn.1. Past Participles Ending in–uMany irregular verbs form their past participle with–u.

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Study GuideExample•J’ai vu ce film.I saw this movie.

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Study Guide2. Past Participles Ending in–isSome irregular verbs end in–is.Example•Elle a pris le train.She took the train.3. Past Participles Ending in–itOther irregular verbs form their past participle with–it.

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Study GuideExample•Il a écrit une lettre.He wrote a letter.4. Other Irregular Past ParticiplesSome verbs haveunique past participlesthat do not fit into a simple pattern.Example•Nous avons fait nos devoirs.We did our homework.5. Related Verbs Share the Same PatternMany French verbscontain another verb inside them, and they usually follow the same pastparticiple pattern.Examples

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Study GuideBase VerbPast ParticipleRelated VerbPast ParticiplemettremispermettrepermisouvrirouvertcouvrircouvertExample sentences:•Il a permis l’entrée.He allowed the entry.•Elle a couvert la table.She covered the table.Key TakeawayIrregular past participles in French often fall into several groups:EndingExample–uvu, su, pu–ismis, pris–itdit, écritother formsfait, été, ouvertImportant points to remember:•Irregular past participlesmust usually be memorized.•Many verbs followsimilar patterns.•Related verbs often share thesame past participle structure.
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Document Details

University
Texas A&M University
Course
French I
Subject
Art

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