Solution Manual for Operations and Supply Chain Management, 9th Edition

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1-Introduction to Operationsand Supply Chain ManagementAnswers to Questions1-1.Theoperationsfunctioninvolvesorganizingwork,selectingprocesses,arranginglayouts,locatingfacilities,designingjobs,measuringperformance,controllingquality,schedulingwork,managinginventory,andplanningproduction.Operationsinteractswithmarketinginproductdevelopment,forecasting,productionplanning,andcustomerservice.Operationsandfinanceinteractincapitalbudgeting,costanalysis,production andinventoryplanning,and expansionandtechnologyplans.Operations and human resources work together recruiting, training and evaluating workers, designing jobsand working with unions. IT and operations work together daily on e-commerce, enterprise resourceplanning and supply chain management systems.1-2.a.Operations at a bank involves transferring funds, processing funds, providing checks, cashing checks,preparing monthly statements, reconciling statements, approving loans, loaning money, keeping track ofloan payments, approving credit cards, and more.b.Operations at a retail store involves purchasing goods, stocking goods, selling goods, keeping track ofinventory, scheduling workers, laying out the store, locating the store, forecasting demand, and more.c.Operations at a hospital involves preparing the rooms, scheduling doctors, nurses and other workers,processing paperwork, ordering supplies, caring for patients, maintaining the facility, laying out thefacility, ensuring quality and more.d.Operations at a cable TV company involves taking orders, installing equipment, maintaining equipment,keeping the shows on the air, scheduling work, processing statements and payments, and more.1-3.Inventions during theindustrial revolutionbrought workers together under one roof in a factory setting wheredivision of labor and interchangeable parts encouraged the formation of separate worker and management jobs.Ideas from thescientific managementera made work more efficient.Human relationstheorists emphasized theimportance of the human element in operations management.The management science erasaw many advancesin quantitative techniques and their application. Thequality revolutionfocused management on meetingcustomer expectations and emphasized quality over quantity. TheInternetbrought numerous opportunities to dowork faster and better. It also opened doors to new markets worldwide. Today’s successful companies competeworldwide for both market access and production resources.1-4.Competitivenessis the degree to which a nation can produce goods and services that meet the test ofinternational markets. A country’s competitiveness is measured by its GNP, import/export ratio, and increasesin productivity. Industry competitiveness can be measured by the number of major players in the industry,average market share, and average profit margin. Measures of a firm’s competitiveness include market share,earnings per share, revenue growth, and profit margins. The Internet has opened new avenues of trade so thatmore firms compete for a larger, global market. The ease with which consumers can compare products andprices online has also increased competitiveness.1-5.Student answers will vary.1-6.Student answers will vary.

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