Test Bank for Your Interpersonal Communication , 1st Edition

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Your Interpersonal Communication, First Edition91Test BankKatrina M. EicherElizabethtown Community & Technical College

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Your Interpersonal Communication, First Edition93Chapter 1 Test Bank1-1 Multiple Choice Questions1-1.1Page Ref: 5Topic: DefiningInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: CWhen you send and receive messages simultaneously, youare creating a communicationa. transfer.b. termination.c. transaction.d. tactic.1-1.2Page Ref: 5Topic: DefiningInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: AProfessorBarnettpresentsherclassnotesorally,onPowerPoint, using the white board, and sometimes throughin-class skits and TV and movie clips. Her variety of ways toexpress herself is termeda. encoding.b. outsourcing.c. encrypting.d. interpreting.1-1.3Page Ref: 5Topic: DefiningInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: BThe process of interpreting and evaluating another person’smessage is calleda. deciphering.b. decoding.c. defracting.d. denoting.1-1.4Page Ref: 6Topic: DefiningInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: DInthehallway outsideof class, Jaclynis recounting toDonovan the events of her weekend party, complete withdetails of the beer pong contest and the arrival of the police.When they enter the classroom, however, Jaclyn lowers hervoice, greets her professor, and settles in to her seat politely.Her changes of behavior reflect Jaclyn’s sensitivity to whichkey element of communication?a. Sourceb. Noisec. Channeld. Context

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Instructor’s Manual and Test Bank941-1.5Page Ref: 6-8Topic: IdentifyingNature/NurtureIntersections ofInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: DLiam has Asperger Syndrome, anautism spectrumdisorderthatischaracterizedbysignificantdifficultiesinsocialinteraction.Hisparentshaveenrolledhiminvarioustherapies to teach him communication skills such as makingeye contact and properly greeting others. According to yourtextbook’s authors, are Liam’s parents wasting their timeand money?a. Yes, because communication skills are biological.b. No, because communication skills are cultural, notbiological.c. Yes, because communication skills areunrepeatable.d. No, because communication skills are influenced bynature and nurture.1-1.6Page Ref: 6Topic: DefiningInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: BAlthough Kimberly is not hungry when she drives to themovie theatre, she is immediately starving when she smellsthepopcorninthelobby.Towhatcomponentofinterpersonal communication is Kimberly responding?a. contextb. channelc. coded. culture1-1.7Page Ref: 7Topic: IdentifyingNature/NurtureIntersections ofInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: BJulia was a timid baby who grew into a shy teenager. Herconsistent communication style is probably attributed toa. normal influences.b. nature influences.c. neural influences.d. nurture influences.1-1.8Page Ref: 7Topic: : IdentifyingNature/NurtureIntersections ofInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: DAlan’s parents are both attorneys who have included theirson in their professional lives since his birth. He is known asa polite young man who greets others with a firm handshakeand direct eye contact. Alan’s communication behaviors areprobably attributed toa. normal influences.b. nature influences.c. neural influences.d. nurture influences.

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Your Interpersonal Communication, First Edition951-1.9Page Ref: 8-9Topic: ValuingInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: BWhich of the following is NOT a value of interpersonalcommunication?a. It enhances the quality of your physical health.b. It enhances the quality of your practical life.c. It enhances the quality of your personal life.d. It enhances the quality of your professional life.1-1.10Page Ref: 9Topic: ValuingInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: BLindsey has big plans for her life: graduate from college witha degree in business, secure a junior executive position in aFortune500company,andworkthroughtherankstoexecutive status.According to a survey from the Universityof Pittsburgh, for what main reason should Lindsey studyinterpersonal communication?a. Interpersonal communication skills will improveher physical health, giving her the stamina tocomplete her goals.b. Interpersonal communication skills were cited asthe single most important decisive factor inselecting new employees.c. Interpersonal communication skills lead toacademic, social, and emotional health.d. Interpersonal communication skills allow us to getothers to do things for us, so she’ll know how toconvince managers to hire her.1-1.11Page Ref: 10Topic: InterpersonalCommunication CreatesMeaning on Content andRelational LevelsAnswer: CAdding “LOL” or a smiley to a text-message is one way toexpress the __________ level of your communication.a. contentb. contextc. relationald. relative

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Instructor’s Manual and Test Bank961-1.12Page Ref: 10Topic: InterpersonalCommunication CreatesMeaning on Content andRelational LevelsAnswer: DJayne and William had their first relational conflict. Williamhas apologized more than once to Jayne, but her behaviortoward him is still cold. Finally, William blows up and says,“I told you I was sorry! What more do you want?”, to whichJayne replies, “It’s notwhatyou said, it’showyou said it.”How can their conflict be explained?a. Jayne is focused on the source, whereas William isfocused on the receiver.b. Jayne is focused on the context, whereas William isfocused on the content.c. Jayne is focused on the problem, whereas William isfocused on the person.d. Jayne is focused on the relational level, whereasWilliam is focused on the content level.1-1.13Page Ref:10Topic:InterpersonalCommunicationCreates Meaning on Contentand Relational LevelsAnswer: DEmoticons, goose bumps, a sunburn, and a ring tone are allexamples ofa. contextual clues.b. feedback.c. channels.d. nonverbal messages.1-1.14Page Ref: 10-11Topic: InterpersonalCommunication Occurs onan Impersonal-IntimateContinuumAnswer: AYour usual small talk to the cashier at your cafeteria is anexample ofa. impersonal communication.b. interpersonal communication.c. intimate communication.d. impolite communication.1-1.15Page Ref: 11Topic: InterpersonalCommunication Occurs onan Impersonal-IntimateContinuumAnswer: BThe communication you have with your best friend, spouse,or relational partner is found at the __________ end of therelationship continuum.a. interpersonalb. intimatec. impersonald. impolite

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Your Interpersonal Communication, First Edition971-1.16Page Ref: 11Topic: InterpersonalCommunication Occurs onan Impersonal-IntimateContinuumAnswer: AMost of our relationships are found in the __________ of therelationship continuum.a. middle zone between impersonal and intimateb. interpersonal zonec. far right impersonal zoned. far left intimate zone1-1.17Page Ref: 11Topic: InterpersonalCommunication isIrreversible andUnrepeatableAnswer: CThe clearest interpretation of the idea that “communicationis unrepeatable” isa. it can’t be taken back.b. it leaves different impressions on all receivers.c. it cannot be recreated, even if we try.d. it’s impossible to communicate all the time.1-1.18Page Ref: 13Topic: Understanding YourPersonalityAnswer: BRobin, a theatre major, is often sought out for his creativeideas for class projects, Halloween costumes, and marketingcampaigns. Robin is likely to score high on what personalitytrait?a. agreeablenessb. opennessc. extraversiond. neuroticism1-1.19Page Ref: 14Topic: Understanding YourPersonalityAnswer: DSusan is known as a “party girl”—always the center ofattention and great at making friends with a wide variety ofpeople.Susan is likely to score high on what personalitytrait?a.agreeablenessb.conscientiousnessc.opennessd.extraversion

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Instructor’s Manual and Test Bank981-1.20Page Ref: 16Topic: Ethics inInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: AWhen Seth was elected president of his fraternity, Corey, hisformer best friend, felt uneasy. Corey recognized Seth’sinfluential personality as attractive for this leadership role,but he’d seen him abuse his authority before. In fact, CoreywouldgosofarastocallSeth’s“whateverittakes”leadership style manipulative and unethical. Corey wouldaccurately describe Seth as aa. high Mach.b. high extravert.c. low ethos.d. low conscientious.1-1.21Page Ref: 17Topic: ConnectingPersonality,Communication, andBiologyAnswer: AThe research of Beatty, McCroskey, and their colleagues hasproducedconvincingevidencethatourcommunicationbehavior isa. largely influenced by genetics.b. largely learned through our nurturing at home.c. equally influenced by nature and nurture.d. largely Machiavellian.1-1.22Page Ref: 17Topic: ConnectingPersonality,Communication, andBiologyAnswer: DNeurology, psychology, and communication are related inthata. communication is developed in the brain(psychology) but not in our DNA (neurology).b. communication is the means by which ourpsychological states are known.c. neurons are fired when we communicate forspecific needs.d. personality is the result of specific brain structuresthat are genetically inherited.1-1.23Page Ref: 19Topic: Assessing YourInterpersonalCommunication MotivesAnswer: DAccording to Rebecca Rubin, a __________ is something that islacking in your relationships, and a __________ is a reason foraction.a. dearth/motiveb. dearth/objectivec. need/objectived. need/motive

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Your Interpersonal Communication, First Edition991-1.24Page Ref: 19Topic: Assessing YourInterpersonalCommunication MotivesAnswer: BWhitney hates to be alone, so she always asks friends intoher dorm room to hang out. Clearly, she has a high __________need to communicate.a. affectionb. inclusionc. pleasured. relaxation1-1.25Page Ref: 22Topic: Assessing YourInterpersonalCommunication MotivesAnswer: CDylan and Brittany are attracted to one another and aretakingaclassininterpersonalcommunicationtogether.When they took Rubin et. al.’s Interpersonal CommunicationMotives assessment and compared their results, they foundthat they scored very closely in affection and inclusion, butwere at polar opposites in pleasure, escape, and control.What prediction for their relational future can they makefrom their results?a. Their differences will eventually lead toinsurmountable conflict.b. Their similarities will likely lead to boredom.c. Although they may have some conflict, they mayfind their differences complementary.d. Although their relationship will be fun for awhile, itwill likely become tedious and conflict-prone.1-1.26Page Ref: 24-25Topic: Gender andInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: CMelanie’s communication style is direct, to the point, andgoal-oriented.Intermsofgender,onewouldcallhercommunication stylea. male.b. female.c. masculine.d. feminine.1-1.27Page Ref: 24-25Topic: Gender andInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: DMeagan has been elected group leader for a class project.Morgan complains that Meagan takes too long to get to thepoint, always making sure to consider everyone’s inputbefore making a decision. In terms of gender, one would callMeagan’s communication stylea. male.b. female.c. masculine.d. feminine.

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Instructor’s Manual and Test Bank1001-1.28Page Ref: 25Topic: Culture andInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: BMany colleges and universities require new students tocomplete an orientation course in which they are introducedto college lingo, success strategies, dorm and Greek life, andeven the school song. These courses are essentially focusingona. community.b. culture.c. cooperation.d. caretaking.1-1.29Page Ref: 26Topic:Technology andInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: ANicole has had a great day: She had a strong interview for aninternship in the afternoon and is now on a dinner date withTimothy, a guy she’s liked for a long time.She expects toreceive a call about the internship as early as this evening,but she doesn’t want to appear distracted to Timothy. Whatadvice for using technology would be appropriate for Nicole?a.excuse herself before taking the callb.answer the call on the first ring and end theconversation quicklyc.text message the internship director to check on thestatusd.lay the phone on the table where both she andTimothy can see it1-1.30Page Ref: 26Topic:Technology andInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: CJoe knows that his relationship with Lauren is over. Hedoesn’t want to hurt her feelings, so he sends the followingtext message: “U R a great girl and deserve better than me.Let’s be friends, OK?” Has Joe communicated effectively?a. No, because he has taken all the blame for thebreak-up.b. Yes, because he has allowed Lauren to save face.c. No, because he shouldn’t use text messaging toconvey important information.d. Yes, because text messaging is part of his andLauren’s culture.

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Your Interpersonal Communication, First Edition1011-2 True/False Questions1-2.1Page Ref: 5Topic: DefiningInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: TrueWhenyoucommunicatewithanotherpersonwhoisphysically present, the communication is transactional.1-2.2Page Ref:7Topic: IdentifyingNature/NurtureIntersections ofInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: TrueAlthoughNicholasisshybynature,hecanlearntocommunicate effectively and confidently.1-2.3Page Ref: 8Topic: ValuingInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: FalseAlthough interpersonal relationships enhance the quality ofour personal lives, they are NOT shown to have a positiveeffect on our physical health.1-2.4Page Ref: 10Topic: InterpersonalCommunication CreatesMeaning on Content andRelational LevelsAnswer: FalseMaggie avoids eye contact with Ahmad after turning himdown for a date. Her behavior communicates the contentlevel of her message.1-2.5Page Ref: 11Topic: InterpersonalCommunication isIrreversible andUnrepeatableAnswer: FalseA jury is told to disregard a statement made in court. Thejury is likely to erase the statement from their minds.

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Instructor’s Manual and Test Bank1021-2.6Page Ref: 12Topic: Personality andInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: TrueOur communication is an expression of our personalities.1-2.7Page Ref: 13-15Topic: Understanding YourPersonalityAnswer: FalseMcCrae and Costa’s BigFivepersonality model is a tool forpeople to identify their single personality type from fivedistinct choices.1-2.8Page Ref: 15-16Topic: Understanding YourPersonalityAnswer: TrueKendra,aperfectionistwhomonitorsherweightdaily,stressesoverhergrades,andwhosemoodsareunpredictable, is likely to score high in neuroticism.1-2.9Page Ref: 18-22Topic: Assessing YourInterpersonalCommunication MotivesAnswer: FalseIn the most satisfying interpersonal relationships, couplesscoreverysimilarlyonRubinet.al.’sInterpersonalCommunication Motives assessment.1-2.10Page Ref: 26Topic: Technology andInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: FalseTaylor’s social network status—On vacay with family. Homeinaweek!—followsyourtextbook’sguidelinesforappropriate use of technology.1-3 Completion (fill-in-the-blank) Questions1-3.1Page Ref: 5Topic: DefiningInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: transactionalThe __________ nature of communication suggests that youcannotnotcommunicate.

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Your Interpersonal Communication, First Edition1031-3.2Page Ref: 5Topic: : DefiningInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: verbalIntheinterpersonalcommunicationmodel,__________messages are the words that we use.1-3.3Page Ref: 6Topic: : DefiningInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: noiseIn the interpersonal communication model, a person clickinga pen while taking a test in a quiet room is an example of__________.1-3.4Page Ref: 6Topic: : DefiningInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: feedbackNodding your head as you listen to a speech is an example ofnonverbal __________.1-3.5Page Ref: 6Topic: : DefiningInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: contextThe environment which affects how people communicate iscalled the __________.1-3.6Page Ref: 7Topic: IdentifyingNature/NurtureIntersections ofInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: personalityOne of the unique qualities of this textbook is its focus onhowaperson’s__________affectshis/herinterpersonalcommunication.1-3.7Page Ref: 8Topic: ValuingInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: physicalData supports that people in committed relationships areless likely to smoke or drink heavily than people who aresingle, divorced, or widowed. This evidence supports theclaimthatinterpersonalcommunicationenhancesthequality of your __________ health.

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Instructor’s Manual and Test Bank1041-3.8Page Ref: 8-9Topic: ValuingInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: professionalInterpersonal communication skills enhance the quality ofyour physical health, personal life, and your __________ life.1-3.9Page Ref: 12Topic: Personality andInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: Personality__________ is the total psychological nature of an individual—aprofilethatreflectsexperiences,motivations,attitudes,beliefs, values, and behaviors.1-3.10Page Ref: 14Topic: Understanding YourPersonalityAnswer: conscientiousnessPaige’s desk is neat, her papers and notebooks are organized,and she makes a “to-do” list for each day. Paige’s personalityis high __________.1-3.11Page Ref: 14Topic: Understanding YourPersonalityAnswer: agreeablenessJaymar is popular because she seems to be interested inothers, sympathizes with their feelings, and has a sensitivesoul. Jaymar’s personality is high in __________.1-3.12Page Ref: 19Topic: Assessing YourInterpersonalCommunication MotivesAnswer: escapeAshley is stressed because she has a ton of reading to do forher psychology class. To avoid her responsibility, she callsAnunn and asks if he wants to hang out in the student centerfor awhile. Ashley is using Anunn to meet her interpersonalcommunication motive of __________.1-3.13Page Ref: 24Topic: Gender andInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: sexDakotaandDavidaretwins—bothbornwithXYchromosomes. These biological characteristics that makethem male are referred to as their __________.

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Your Interpersonal Communication, First Edition1051-3.14Page Ref: 25Topic: Culture andInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: co-culturalBlaine and Janna graduated from the same high school,attend the same church, and are both 19 years old. Thesesimilarities place them in the same __________ group.1-3.15Page Ref: 25Topic: Culture andInterpersonalCommunicationAnswer: interculturalJessica was homeschooled and is now attending a publicuniversity. Suddenly she is meeting people of different faiths,sexual orientations, ethnicities, and nationalities. Jessica isclearly experiencing __________communication.1-4Essay Questions1-4.1Page Ref: 4-6Topic: Openingparagraph/DefiningInterpersonalCommunicationExplain how “Message Sent = Message Received” is NOTalways a true equation.Answer: Using communication to create understanding is complex, and sometimes themessages we send are not the messages others receive. The interpersonal communicationmodel portrayed on page 6 shows that the source encodes the message verbally and/ornonverbally, and the receiver decodes or interprets that message. The interpretation can bedistorted by physical and/or psychological noise.

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Instructor’s Manual and Test Bank1061-4.2Page Ref: 5Topic: DefiningInterpersonalCommunicationApplythetransactionalnatureofinterpersonalcommunication to a real or hypothetical situation. Show howthe other person contributed to the transaction, and howhis/hercontributionsaffectedtheoutcomeofthecommunication.Answer: The answer should clearly define the players in the transaction (two people), andshould show how they “use verbal and nonverbal messages to create understanding andinfluence each other to manage the relationship.” The best answers should show how themessages depend on each other, i.e., how each person influences the communication of theother.Example: I regularly shop at Target. There are two clerks—Linda and Marie—whoaffect me completely differently when I get in their lines. Linda always smiles, greets mefamiliarly, asks how I’m doing, engages in a bit of small talk with me, efficiently rings up mysale, and sends me off with, “Thanks for coming in. Take care!” or something similar.Ialways leave the store with a smile on my face. Marie, on the other hand, has an oppositeeffect on me. Although she smiles, she looks past me, almost always is in conversation withsomeone else when she rings up my purchase—and then forgets to cash in my coupons—and half the time doesn’t even thank me for my business. I always try to avoid her and leavein disgust. It’s gotten to the point where I’m not any friendlier to her than she is to me.1-4.3Page Ref: 5-6Topic: DefiningInterpersonalCommunicationDefinethesevenelementsoftheinterpersonalcommunication model.Answer: 1.Source: the person who encodes the message, in verbal or nonverbal form.2.Receiver: the person listening to the message and decoding it.3.Messages: what we communicate with others, either verbally (language) or nonverbally(non-language based messages).4.Channel:thepathwaythatmessagestravel,whichusuallyincludeoursenses(visual/sight, auditory/hearing, tactile/touch, and olfactory/smell).5.Noise:anything that distorts or interferes with the communication process, whetherphysical (external sounds) or psychological (internal distractions).6.Feedback: verbal and nonverbal responses to another person’s messages.7.Context:thephysical(place),historical(time),andpsychological(mood)communication environment.

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Your Interpersonal Communication, First Edition1071-4.4Page Ref: 5-6Topic: DefiningInterpersonalCommunicationRecall your first day in this class. Using the interpersonalcommunicationmodel,applythecommunicationthatoccurred in that class to the seven elements. You mayanswer in graphic form (draw a model) or in paragraphform.Answer: Answers will vary, but should include all seven elements (source/encoder,receiver/decoder, messages, channel, noise, feedback, and context.)Example: I was nervous (psychological noise) when I walked into the classroom (physicalcontext), so I tried quickly to find a seat and settle in. Soon you (source) passed out thesyllabus and began talking about it. I remember you said that the syllabus was our“contract” (you encoded the message with that word), and I (the receiver) decoded that tomean that we would sign it and turn it back to you, so I immediately flipped through thepages to see where we were supposed to sign. You must have noticed this (feedback, andmaybe noise) because you asked if there were any questions about what that meant. Therewere several people who did ask questions (messages), which you answered—and thenyou asked if you answered the questions clearly. I wonder now if you were noticingconfused faces (feedback).1-4.5Page Ref: 10Topic: InterpersonalCommunication CreatesMeaning on Content andRelational LevelsGive an example of the difference between the content andrelationallevelsofinterpersonalcommunication,usingdialogue to show your understanding. (Label the contentmessages and the relational messages in your answer.)Answer: Answers will vary, but must show understanding of the content level aswhatthemessage is about, and the relational level ashowthe message is said.Example:Girlfriend: Oh, I hate my haircut!Boyfriend: I think it looks good.Girlfriend: What do you mean, “It looksgood.”Boyfriend: I mean it looks good.Girlfriend: So you hate it.Boyfriend: I said it looks GOOD.Girlfriend: I can tell you hate it.Boyfriend: What are you talking about?! I SAID IT LOOKS GOOD!Girlfriend: But you’re looking at me with that “I hate it” look.Boyfriend: Fine. Don’t listen to a word I say.In this dialogue Girlfriend doesn’t accept Boyfriend’s content level of the message “I think itlooks good,” but focuses on the nonverbal relational level (his facial expression). Boyfriendbecomes frustrated that she doesn’t accept his content level (“Don’t listen to a word I say.”)

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Instructor’s Manual and Test Bank108

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Your Interpersonal Communication, First Edition109Chapter 2 Test Bank2-1 Multiple Choice Questions2-1.1Page Ref: 32Topic: Understanding theSelfAnswer: BThe sum total of a person’s knowledge and understanding ofhis or her self is termeda. self-esteem.b. self-concept.c. self-image.d. self-monitoring.2-1.2Page Ref: 32Topic: Understanding theSelfAnswer: APsychologist Morris Rosenberg describes this as a feeling ofself-worth and fundamental respect for oneself.a.self-esteemb.self-conceptc.self-imaged.self-monitoring2-1.3Page Ref: 33Topic: Self-ConceptAnswer: DMary uses __________ when she considers herself smart aftershe scores the highest grade on her class’s chemistry exam.a. reflected appraisalb. self-monitoringc. peer group influenced. social comparison2-1.4Page Ref: 33Topic: Self-ConceptAnswer: CJustin never thought of himself as a talented public speakeruntil his college classmates and teacher chose his speechesas the strongest in the class. Justin’s new assessment of hisabilities is a result ofa. social comparison.b. social construction.c. reflected appraisal.d. peer appraisal.2-1.5Page Ref: 33-34Topic: Self-ConceptAnswer: CWhichofthefollowingisNOTacharacteristicofself-concept?a. Self-concept is learned.b. Self-concept is multifaceted.c. Self-concept is genetically based.d. Self-concept is socially constructed.

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Instructor’s Manual and Test Bank1102-1.6Page Ref: 35Topic: Self-EsteemAnswer: DBillie’s disgust at his skinny legs is a reflectionof hisa. cognitive self-esteem.b. personal self-esteem.c. social self-esteem.d. physical self-esteem.2-1.7Page Ref: 35Topic: Self-EsteemAnswer: BWhich of the following statements is a TRUE depiction of theinfluence of nature and nurture on one’s self-esteem?a. Researchers have found that almost 26percentofself-esteem is based on nature, whereas 74percentis based on nurture.b. Researchers have found that almost 52percentofself-esteem is based on nature, whereas 48percentis based on nurture.c. Researchers have found that almost 80percentofself-esteem is based on nature, whereas 20percentis based on nurture.d. Researchers have found that almost 48percentofself-esteem is based on nature, whereas 52percentis based on nurture.2-1.8Page Ref: 36-37Topic: Self-concept andSelf-esteem Affect YourCommunicationAnswer: BAmanda enrolls in an anthropology class with Brandon.Whereas Amanda anticipates that the subject matter will beinteresting, Brandon expects that it will be stupid and totallyworthless for his major. When they’re asked what theylearned at the end of the term, Amanda goes into great detailabout the ancient cultures and civilizations she encounteredin her studies, while Brandon says, “Not much.” SociologistRobert Merton would attribute their differing experiences toa. social self-esteem.b. self-fulfilling prophecy.c. self-monitoring.d. reflected appraisal.2-1.9Page Ref: 37Topic: Self-concept andSelf-esteem Affect YourCommunicationAnswer: CWhen parents and teachers affect self-esteem by settingstandardsfortheirchildrenandstudents,theyareestablishinga. self-expectations.b. peer influences.c. other-expectations.d. supportive relationships.

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Your Interpersonal Communication, First Edition1112-1.10Page Ref: 37-38Topic: Self-concept andSelf-esteem Affect YourCommunicationAnswer: AHolly and Joe work together at the local movie theater. Hollythinks Joe’s quirks and shyness are endearing and loves towork beside him. How is Joe, who has low self-esteem, likelyto interpret Holly’s friendliness?a. “She’s just being nice because she feels sorry forme.”b. “Someone finally appreciates me for who I am.”c. “She’s OK, but I could do better.”d. He wouldn’t even notice Holly.2-1.11Page Ref: 39Topic: Enhancing your Self-esteem and Self-conceptAnswer: CLeo knows that his low self-esteem has negatively affectedhis life. He is now determined to enhance his self-esteemthrough by learning to play the guitar. This is an example ofusing the strategy ofa. developing Plan B.b. developing hidden talents.c. developing new competencies.d. developing rational beliefs.2-1.12Page Ref: 39Topic: Enhancing Your Self-Concept and Self-esteemAnswer: ACameron was a high school star: top athlete, top scholar,popular with classmates and teachers alike. Since coming tocollege, however, he has struggled with his self-esteem. Heisn’t on a sports team, is as anonymous as most of the otherfreshmen, and finds his classes much harder than his highschool curriculum. Cameron’s parents advise him to stopputting so much pressure on himself to be perfect and togive himself time to adjust to the realities of college. Theiradvice follows the strategy ofa. developing realistic expectations.b. developing new competencies.c. developing rational beliefs.d. developing Plan B.2-1.13Page Ref: 40-41Topic: Enhancing your Self-esteem and Self-conceptAnswer: DThe process of replacing debilitating irrational beliefs withempowering rational beliefs is calleda. identity management.b. emotive therapy.c. self-reflection.d. cognitive restructuring.

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Instructor’s Manual and Test Bank1122-1.14Page Ref: 42Topic: UnderstandingCommunication TraitsAnswer: ASamantha is talkative, while Annmarie is quiet. These areexamples of theira. communication traits.b. communication setbacks.c. personality types.d. intercultural rules.2-1.15Page Ref: 44Topic: CommunicationApprehensionAnswer: CResearch suggests that __________ Americans experience anabnormally high level of communication apprehension.a. 80percentb. 5percentc. 20percentd. 50percent2-1.16Page Ref: 44Topic: Nature/NurtureIntersectionsAnswer: BThe research of Dr. Carl Schwartz of Harvard Medical Schoolfound thata. women are shyer overall than men.b. a part of shyness is related to brain activity.c. increased physical exercise leads to a decrease inshyness.d. no link exists between communicationapprehension and brain activity.2-1.17Page Ref: 44-45Topic: CommunicationApprehensionAnswer: DJoshua tends to make excuses for not attending parties. Hehas also been told that he is frustrating to converse withbecause he tends to dominate conversations. Joshua is likelytoa. experience conflicting levels of communicationapprehension.b. experience moderate levels of communicationapprehension.c. experience low levels of communicationapprehension.d. experience high levels of communicationapprehension.2-1.18Page Ref: 45Topic: What Can I Do Now?Answer: CWhich of the following is NOT suggested as a treatment forhigh communication apprehension?a.medicationb.taking an interpersonal communication classc.jumping into anxiety-provoking situationsd.visualization

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Your Interpersonal Communication, First Edition1132-1.19Page Ref: 46Topic: Socio-communicative OrientationAnswer: BMcCroskeyandRichmond’sSocio-CommunicativeOrientationAssessmentmeasuresone’ssocialsignatureaccording to which two communication factors?a.aggressiveness/dominanceb.assertiveness/responsivenessc.assertiveness/aggressiond.aggression/responsiveness2-1.20Page Ref: 48–49Topic: Socio-communicative OrientationAnswer: CThe four social styles area. aggressive, amiable, driver, responsive.b. analytical, compassionate, driver, responsive.c. amiable, analytical, driver, expressive.d. authentic, compassionate, expressive, sensual.2-1.21Page Ref: 48Topic: Socio-communicative OrientationAnswer: BLeslea is a very supportive and respectful young woman whocan always be counted on to lend an ear to a friend whoneeds relationship help. Leslea’s social style isa. aggressive.b. amiable.c. driver.d. giver.2-1.22Page Ref: 48Topic: Socio-communicative OrientationAnswer: BDemetre is a future engineer who is quiet, serious, andusuallywithdrawnininterpersonalrelationships.Hisprofessors admire his persistence in his technical coursesand call him “industrious.” Demetre’s social style isa. amiable.b. analytical.c. driver.d. expressive.2-1.23Page Ref: 49Topic: Socio-communicative OrientationAnswer: CWhile Jamie’s parents describe her as “strong-willed” and“decisive,” she can be perceived by others as pushy, severe,and controlling. Jamie’s social style isa. analytical.b. compassionate.c. driver.d. expressive.

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Instructor’s Manual and Test Bank1142-1.24Page Ref: 49Topic: Socio-communicative OrientationAnswer: CBrenna has asked Professor Radcliffe to recommend her foran internship at MTV. Professor Radcliffe’s letter includesthissentence:“Brennaisambitious,enthusiastic,stimulating, and friendly.” Brenna’s social style isa. authentic.b. compassionate.c. expressive.d. sensual.2-1.25Page Ref: 51Topic: Managing YourIdentityAnswer: ADevon is setting up her Facebook profile. She knows thatfamily members, teachers, and potential employers maywish to access her page, so she takes care to choose a profilepicture which is conservative, but attractive, and describesherself in mostly generic terms. Devon isparticipating ina. identity management.b. self-management.c. identity control.d. social self-control.2-1.26Page Ref: 52-53Topic: Identity ManagementInfluencesAnswer: DPsychologist Marc Snyder refers to this type of person as“one who, out of concern for social appropriateness, isparticularly sensitive to the expression and self-presentationof others in social situations;” this person then uses thoseclues to guide his or her own self-presentation.a.self-sensitiveb.self-awarec.self-consciousd.self-monitor2-1.27Page Ref: 53Topic: Identity ManagementInfluencesAnswer: BAt Raisah’s graduation party, she made sure to mingle withallofhergueststohelpthemfeelcomfortableandappreciated. Raisah is aa. high self-conscious.b. high self-monitor.c. low self-conscious.d. low self-monitor.2-1.28Page Ref: 53Topic: Identity ManagementInfluencesAnswer: DThose who pay more attention to their own moods thanothers’ in a social situation area. high self-awares.b. high self-monitors.c. low self-awares.d. low self-monitors.

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Your Interpersonal Communication, First Edition1152-1.29Page Ref: 54Topic: Identity ManagementStrategiesAnswer: CDavid and Jeff have been in a committed relationship forover 20 years. While Jeff is open about their relationshipwith his family, David has never admitted to his parents thathe and Jeff are in fact a gay couple. Yet, his parents havevisited David and Jeff’s one-bedroom apartment dozens oftimes and know that they are “roommates.” In terms ofmanaging his identity with his parents, David isa. passing.b. covering.c. implicitly out.d. explicitly out.2-1.30Page Ref: 56Topic: Identity ManagementStrategiesAnswer: AMicah helped his mother set up a Facebook account so shecould easily connect with her extended family. When shestarts amassing friend requests, she asks Micah why peopleshe barely knows would want to be in her network. Micahexplains that they are actually increasing hera. social capital.b. network capital.c. identity needs.d. social contact needs.2-2 True/False Questions2-2.1Page Ref: 32Topic: Understanding theSelfAnswer: FalseSelf-concept and self-esteem are defined the same way.2-2.2Page Ref: 32Topic: Understanding theSelfAnswer: True“I am tall, smart, and athletic” is a statement of one’s self-concept.2-2.3Page Ref: 33Topic: Self-ConceptAnswer: TrueSaying, “I can do this” when confronted with a difficult taskshows a high degree of self-efficacy.

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Instructor’s Manual and Test Bank1162-2.4Page Ref: 33Topic: Self-ConceptAnswer: FalseResearch suggests that we interact with people we considerinferior to us when we need motivation to excel and withpeople we consider superior to us when we need to feel goodabout ourselves.2-2.5Page Ref: 34Topic: Self-ConceptAnswer: TrueBullying and name-calling can affect a person’s self-concept.2-2.6Page Ref: 35Topic: Self-EsteemAnswer: FalseOverall, men have slightly higher self-esteem than womendo.2-2.7Page Ref: 36Topic: Self-EsteemAnswer: TrueTrevor blames his low cognitive self-esteem on two teachershe had in elementary school who placed him in the “dumb”reading and math groups. Research suggests that Trevor isjustified in his opinion.2-2.8Page Ref: 36Topic:Self-concept andSelf-esteem AffectYour CommunicationAnswer: TrueKatelyn auditioned for the college musical but was not cast.She questions the director’s decision, telling him that shewas clearly the better singer than Cherish, who won the role.Katelyn’s perception of her abilities may be out of sync withher actual abilities.2-2.9Page Ref: 42-45Topic: CommunicationApprehensionAnswer: FalseCodyhasahighlevelofcommunicationapprehension.Therefore, he must choose a major where communicationwith others is not required.2-2.10Page Ref: 52-53Topic: Identity ManagementInfluencesAnswer: FalseLow self-monitors are apt to act like they’re having fun evenwhen they’re not.

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Your Interpersonal Communication, First Edition1172-3 Completion (fill-in-the-blank) Questions2-3.1Page Ref: 32Topic: Understanding theSelfAnswer: self-conceptFor most people, there__________ is a mixture of their morals,feelings about their material possessions, and careers.2-3.2Page Ref: 32Topic: Understanding theSelfAnswer: self-concept/self-esteemWhereasyour__________isdescriptive,your__________isevaluative.2-3.3Page Ref: 33Topic: Self-conceptAnswer: self-efficacyThepersonal assessment of our abilities to perform in acertain manner andtheability to reach our goals is called__________.2-3.4Page Ref: 35-36Topic: Self-esteemAnswer: self-esteemLowered __________ is the result of negative interpersonalexperiences with friends and neglect from parents.2-3.5Page Ref: 36Topic: Self-concept andSelf-esteem Affect YourCommunicationAnswer: self-fulfillingprophecyChelsey believes that she will graduate with honors due toherinnateintelligenceandwillingnesstoworkhard.Chelsey’s prediction is a __________.2-3.6Page Ref: 41Topic: Enhancing Your Self-concept and Self-esteemAnswer: setbackSadaf vowed to exercise five days per week to improve hermuscle tone. However, during‘finals’week she found herselfso busy that she exercised only once. Sadaf has experienceda __________.

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Instructor’s Manual and Test Bank1182-3.7Page Ref: 42Topic: CommunicationApprehensionAnswer: communicationapprehension.Stage fright is more scientifically called __________.2-3.8Page Ref: 42Topic: UnderstandingCommunication TraitsAnswer: Communicationtraits__________areenduringconsistenciesanddifferencesinmessage-sending and message-receiving behaviors amongindividuals.2-3.9Page Ref: 44Topic: Does Your BrainMake You Shy?Answer: amygdalaTheportion of thebrainthatcontrols emotions isthe__________.2-3.10Page Ref: 44Topic: CommunicationApprehensionAnswer: highEdmund experiences fear when communicating with othersat social events, in meetings, and most acutely in publicpresentations.Edmundwouldscore__________incommunication apprehension.2-3.11Page Ref: 48Topic: Socio-communicative OrientationAnswer: assertivenessChris is not shy about making requests or disagreeing withothers. Chris displays high __________.2-3.12Page Ref: 48Topic: Socio-communicative OrientationAnswer: responsivenessLisa has a talent for listening to others and making them feelcomfortable. Lisa displays high __________.2-3.13Page Ref: 51Topic: Identity ManagementCharacteristicsAnswer: public identityAlthough Chasidy is nervous about her job interview, sheputs on a brave face, makes direct eye contact, and shakesher potential employer’s hand firmly. Chasidy is managingher __________.

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Your Interpersonal Communication, First Edition1192-3.14Page Ref: 52Topic: Identity ManagementCharacteristicsAnswer: principledPeople who endorse a __________ self believe that peopleshould be who they truly are in all situations and should notmanage their identities to fit in.2-3.15Page Ref: 52Topic: Identity ManagementCharacteristicsAnswer: pragmaticBritt is meeting Sarah’s parents for the first time. Because heendorses a __________ self, he plans to manage his identity insuch a way as not to offend them.2-4Essay Questions2-4.1Page Ref: 32-38Topic: Understanding theSelfDescribe how self-concept and self-esteem are different.Answer: Answers should reflect an understanding of self-concept as “the sum total of aperson’s knowledge and understanding of his or her self”, and of self-esteem as “a person’soverall self-appraisal of his or her worth.” Put simply, self-concept is who we think we are,and self-esteem is how much we value that person.This difference may explain whypeople who seem to have desirable characteristics (i. e., talented singer, lots of money) canstill have low self-esteem (i. e., “I’d rather be handsome and well-liked.”).2-4.2Page Ref: 38-41Topic: Enhancing Your Self-concept and Self-esteemList and briefly explain the five ways in which a person canmaximize his or her self-concept and self-esteem.Answer: 1.Develop supportiverelationships: Since other people influence our ideas ofwho we are and how we value ourselves, choosing relationships which are constructivewill develop our identities in a positive way.2.Develop realistic expectations: Knowing your strengths and limitations can help youstrive for achievable goals, which in turn enhances our positive feelings about ourselves.3.Develop new competencies: Encountering new experiences and developing newproficiencies expands our horizons and makes us feel productive.4.Develop rational beliefs: Being in the habit of thinking irrationally leads to exaggeratedfears and feelings of failure. Cognitive restructuring asks us to think differently and replacenegative thoughts with positive ones.5.Develop Plan B:Everyone naturally experiences setbacks as we progress through life.Having an alternative plan allows us to move forward when we face these roadblocks.

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Instructor’s Manual and Test Bank1202-4.3Page Ref: 45Topic: What Can I Do Now?George has scored high in communication apprehension onthe PRCA-24. Construct a plan that can help him deal withhis high communication apprehension right away.Answer: Answers should reflect a majority of the five points listed in the text box on page45:1.George canavoid the triggers that activate his communication apprehension, suchas unfamiliar situations or times when he’s in the spotlight.2.George canmake sure that his personality, communication, and environment arein syncby removing himself from situations that require excessive amounts ofcommunication.(Note: Thesefirsttwosuggestionsarequitealikeandmaybecombined.)3.George canget skills training in communication. Since communication behaviors canbe learned, taking public speaking, interpersonal communication, or any number ofother communication courses can help him build competence and confidence.4.George canremember to visualize success. He can learn visualization techniques thathelp him to place himself mentally in the situations he fears while he imagines hissuccess interacting in that situation—kind of a mental dress rehearsal.5.George canseek out professional assistance. If his apprehension is debilitating, amedical professional can evaluate whether counseling and/or anti-anxiety medicationsare needed.2-4.4Page Ref: 46-49Topic: Socio-communicative OrientationNow that you have taken Richmond and McCroskey’s Socio-CommunicativeOrientationassessment,evaluateyourresults to explain your social style.Answer: Answers will vary widely but must reflect the respondent’s results on theAssertiveness/Responsiveness Matrix shown on page 47. Although the respondent may fallon the line between any of the four social styles, the response must show a clearunderstanding of the characteristics of at least one of the styles and how the characteristicsapply to him or her:1.Amiable:Scorehighonresponsivenessandlowonassertivenessandareconsidered relationship specialists. They are supportive and helpful with others anddescribed as conforming, unsure, pliable, dependent, awkward, respectful, willing,dependable, and agreeable. They often work in helping professions such as teaching,human resources, social work, and psychology.2.Analytical:Scorelowonresponsivenessandlowonassertivenessandareconsidered technical specialists. They are often withdrawn and quiet and describedascritical,indecisive, stuffy,picky,moralistic,industrious,persistent,serious,exacting,and orderly. They often work in professions such as science, engineering,construction, accounting, and certain aspects of law.3.Driver: Score low on responsiveness and high on assertiveness and are consideredcontrol specialists. They often take responsibility and direct other and are describedas pushy, severe, tough, dominating, harsh, strong-willed, independent, practical,

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Your Interpersonal Communication, First Edition121decisive, and efficient. They often work in management professions such as small-business ownership, top management, production management, administrativepersonnel, and politics.4.Expressive: Score high on responsiveness and high on assertiveness and areconsidered social specialists. They know how to use their communication skills, likeattention, and are described as competent, excitable, versatile, reacting, ambitious,stimulating, enthusiastic, dramatic, and friendly. They often work in professionssuch as sales, entertainment, advertising, art, music, and writing.2-4.5Page Ref: 48-50Topic: Socio-communicative OrientationFletcher is a driver, and his new roommate, Andrew, is anamiable. Predict the dynamics of their relationship; willtherebeconflict? Harmony?Howcantheysuccessfullyrelate to one another?Answer: Answers will vary, but should reflect an understanding of the two styles:1.Amiable(Andrew): Score high on responsiveness and low on assertiveness and areconsidered relationship specialists. They are supportive and helpful with others anddescribed as conforming, unsure, pliable, dependent, awkward, respectful, willing,dependable, and agreeable. They often work in helping professions such as teaching,human resources, social work, and psychology.2.Driver(Fletcher): Score low on responsiveness and high on assertiveness and areconsidered control specialists. They often take responsibility and direct other andaredescribedaspushy,severe,tough,dominating,harsh,strong-willed,independent, practical, decisive, and efficient. They often work in managementprofessionssuchassmall-businessownership,topmanagement,productionmanagement, administrative personnel, and politics.There is much potential for conflictandharmony in this relationship, as the two styles arecompletely opposite and can be complementary. Fletcher will be comfortable makingdecisions, while Andrew will be comfortable allowing Fletcher to make them. To increasetheir harmony Andrew should let Fletcher know what he needs and desires, ask for helpwhen he needs it, and learn to say no when he wishes to. Fletcher can refrain from takingadvantage of Andrew’s good nature, listen more and talk less, and pay attention toAndrew’s feelings. Andrew can also be more direct and quick-acting in his communicationwith Fletcher.

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