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GED Reasoning Through Language Arts Study Guide: Comprehensive Review with Practice Test (2020) - Document preview page 1

GED Reasoning Through Language Arts Study Guide: Comprehensive Review with Practice Test (2020) - Page 1

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GED Reasoning Through Language Arts Study Guide: Comprehensive Review with Practice Test (2020)

GED Reasoning Through Language Arts Study Guide: Comprehensive Review with Practice Test (2020) is the perfect certification guide to refine your knowledge and test your readiness before exam day.

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GED Reasoning Through Language Arts Study Guide: Comprehensive Review with Practice Test (2020) - Page 1 preview imageACCEPTED:)Language ArtsAeas- 20222021StudyGuide:ComprehensiveReviewwithPracticeTestQuestionsfortheGEDExamVarietyofComprehensiveTipsquestiontypesreviewandtricksTare (ble late mosst-)\4vo) <=\ Xe)1eC=)0)Cyicelaam=).¢el-1a(-1aler-ye|re)geyag) oe)andterms(Yo [Blet-hee)63GED®TestingServiceLLCwasnotinvolvedinthecreationor——:ofthis product,isLeoinanywayaffiliatedwithAccepted,Inc.,anddoesnot sponsoror endorse this product.-ae—
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GED Reasoning Through Language Arts Study Guide: Comprehensive Review with Practice Test (2020) - Page 2 preview image
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GED Reasoning Through Language Arts Study Guide: Comprehensive Review with Practice Test (2020) - Page 3 preview imageDigitizedby theInternetArchivein 2022withfundingfromKahle/AustinFoundationhttps://archive.org/details/gedreasoningthroO000acce
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GED Reasoning Through Language Arts Study Guide: Comprehensive Review with Practice Test (2020) - Page 4 preview imageFreeVideoFreeVideoEssentialTestTips VideofromTriviumTestPrepDearCustomer,Thank you for purchasing from TriviumTest Prep! We'rehonoredto help you preparefor your GEDexam.Toshowourappreciation,we'reofferinga FREEGEDEssentialTest Tips Videoby TriviumTest Prep.* Ourvideoincludes35 test preparationstrategiesthat willmakeyou successfulonthe GED.All weask is that you emailus yourfeedbackanddescribeyour experiencewith our product. Amazing,awful, or just so-so:wewanttohear what you haveto say!ToreceiveyourFREEGEDEssentialTest Tips Video,pleaseemailusat 5star@triviumtestprep.com.Include“Free5 Star” in the subject line and the following infor-mationin youremail:1.‘Thetitleof the productyoupurchased.2.Yourrating from1-5(with5 beingthe best).3.Your feedbackaboutthe product,including howourmaterialshelped youmeetyourgoalsandwaysin whichwecanimproveourproducts.4.Your full nameand shippingaddressso wecansend your FREEGEDEssential Test Tips Video.If youhaveany questionsor concernsplease feel free to contactusdirectly at 5star@triviumtestprep.com.Thankyou!—TriviumTestPrep Team*Togetaccessto thefreevideopleaseemailusat Sstar@triviumtestprep.com,andpleasefollowtheinstructionsabove.
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GED Reasoning Through Language Arts Study Guide: Comprehensive Review with Practice Test (2020) - Page 5 preview image;o>sameODheyy)asmj(tellmy«ere|:=,=7-0-__||etiiraneapsote;eyreieaeeitSsaoo—aa esOeeesPh)eeee|_j=«©;
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GED Reasoning Through Language Arts Study Guide: Comprehensive Review with Practice Test (2020) - Page 6 preview imageGEDReasoningThroughLanguageArtsStudyGuideComprehensiveReviewwithPracticeTestQuestionsfor theGEDExam
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GED Reasoning Through Language Arts Study Guide: Comprehensive Review with Practice Test (2020) - Page 7 preview imageCopyright© 2020 by Accepted,Inc.ALLRIGHTSRESERVED.By purchaseof this book, you have been licensedonecopy for personal useonly. Nopart of this work may be reproduced,redistributed,orused in any form or by any meanswithout prior written permission of the publisher andcopyright owner.Accepted,Inc.; TriviumTest Prep; Cirrus Test Prep; and AscenciaTest Prep are all imprints of Trivium Test Prep, LLC.GED®TestingServiceLLCwasnotinvolvedin the creationor productionof thisproduct, is not in any way afhliated with Accepted, Inc., and does not sponsor or endorsethisproduct.Alltestnames(andtheiracronyms)aretrademarksof theirrespectiveowners.‘This study guide is for general informationonly and does not claimendorse-mentby any third party.Printedin the UnitedStatesof America.
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GED Reasoning Through Language Arts Study Guide: Comprehensive Review with Practice Test (2020) - Page 8 preview imageTableofContentsOnlineResources...............iINtrOCGUCTION......ccsecssceneeesiliONE:Reading........sscsseeseenesiaAershV Evil Foley Meeepee een1PU PORtinig Metalsccsscsaavdsseeeeeeates 5NSUNeus urpOseventetree6Organizationand TextStructures..... 7MerPNOG TENCEoccas cess oiccsracwaoncGeens8EvaldatingA retimentsr.2ctcesscs.se9DrawingC Oncltsions2: cse.s-050e00--:dlpliexdincdly LOG0asaecartessssocdeanenice 12Meaningof Wordsand Phrases.......14Pi @irative dianyWay ecaishacpaeds. sk. isGraphicSourcesof Information......a7Poleraeiats0b PICOc.arecssevses<axahcos19PLESt YOUEWMO WEIS E>.arisesZulPRMESH ERNENctcocin,arastaah tava pnantvn tome 29TWO:GrammarandSentenceStructure......... 33Pattsof ppeeehian awcmtaetnenuenat33ConstructingSentences insane42OPraiccdba7hato)glame waeerasREPacs eae 46CommonLanguageErrors.............. 47‘Lest YourKnowledgeGac.ssee54PSWEEeyeteeeneanete5THREE:TheEssay.............63Writing a ThesisStatement.............. 63DETUCHITINGethneMenGavaetmteas ame: 64ProvidingSupportingEvidence....... 66Writinio, Wellcase.Graneeee,67Test Your/Knowledoe70FOUR:PracticeTest.........73ANS Wer Kem hrceeeee91
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GED Reasoning Through Language Arts Study Guide: Comprehensive Review with Practice Test (2020) - Page 9 preview imageeeeaeerenina-1F ' Date »try*yy::a°a7
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GED Reasoning Through Language Arts Study Guide: Comprehensive Review with Practice Test (2020) - Page 10 preview imageGeaonchoosingto take the GEDexam!By purchasingthis book,you'vetakenanimportantsteponyourpathtoearningyourhighschool-equivalency credential.Thisguide will provideyou witha detailedoverviewof the GEDexamso thatyou knowexactly whatto expect ontest day. We'lltake you throughall the conceptscovered on the examand give you the opportunity to test your knowledge with practicequestions.Evenif it’s beena whilesince you last took a major test, don’t worry;we'llmakesure you're morethan ready!Whatis theGED?TheGeneralEducationalDevelopment,orGED,testis a highschool-equivalencytest—composedof four subtests—thatcertifiesthat the test-takerhas high school-level academicskills. Forty statescurrently offer the GEDtest. Thefour subtestscanbe takentogether or separately, but you mustpass all four subtests in order to pass thetest overall.Oncea test-taker in oneof those states passesthe exam,then that personbecomeseligible to receive a high school-equivalency diploma, whichcan be used in jobapplicationsor in applyingto colleges or universities.Thetest is specifically designedfor individualswhodid notcompletea high schooldiploma,nomatterthe reason.What'sontheGED?TheGEDtest gaugeshigh school-levelcontentknowledgeandskills in four areas:ReasoningthroughLanguageArts(RLA),MathematicalReasoning,Science,andSocialStudies.Candidatesareexpectedto be able to read closely, writeclearly, editand understandstandard writtenEnglish as it is used in context,and solve quantitativeand algebraic problems.Youalso mustshowstrong contentknowledgein life science,
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GED Reasoning Through Language Arts Study Guide: Comprehensive Review with Practice Test (2020) - Page 11 preview imagephysicalscience,andEarthandspacescienceas well as civicsand government,UnitedStates history, geography and the world, and economics.The test includesa variety of question types, including multiple-choice,drag-and-drop, hot spot, and fill-in-the-blank. The multiple-choice questions are a standard stylein whichthe test-taker selects the best answeramong a series of choices.In drag-and-drop questions, the test-taker mustselect the best answer,click on it, and drag it to theappropriate location. This usually involves sorting items into categories or makingasso-ciations betweendifferent concepts.Hot spot questionsrequire the test-takerto clickon a specific area of an image. For fill-in-the-blank questions, the test-taker musttypein the word or phrase missing fromthe statementor question. The ReasoningthroughLanguageArts section also includes somequestions in whichthe test-taker must selectthe best grammaticalor punctuationchange froma drop-downlist of options as wellas extendedresponsequestionsthat require the test-taker to type the answer.Eachsubtest is takenseparately. Youmustcompleteonesubtest beforemovingonto the next. You will have115 minutesfor the mathtest, ninety minutesfor the sciencetest, seventyminutesfor the social studiestest, and150 minutesfor the ReasoningthroughLanguageArtstest.What'sontheGEDExam?SkxiL_s AssEsseDTopicsBENoFExamReasoningThroughLanguageArts>ReadcloselyInformationaltexts75%Writeclearly>Edit andunderstandtheuseof standardLiteraturetexts25%writtenEnglishin contextMathematicalReasoning>Understandkey mathematicalconceptsQuantitativeASY.>Demonstrateskill andfluency withkey mathproblem-solvingproceduresAlgebraicproblem-55%>Applyconceptsto realisticsituationssolving‘ScienceLifescience40%>Usescientificreasoning(textuallyandquantitatively)Physicalscience40%>Applyscientificreasoningto a varietyofeeeeS:EarthandspacerealisticsituationsP;20%scienceli=Accepted,Inc.|GEDReasoningThroughLanguageArts Study Guide
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GED Reasoning Through Language Arts Study Guide: Comprehensive Review with Practice Test (2020) - Page 12 preview imagePERCENTAGESKILLs ASSESSEDTopicsoe WaSocialStudiesCivicsand50%>Textual analysisgovernment>DatarepresentationUnitedStateshistory20%>InferenceskillsEeemnenice15%>Problem-solvingusingsocialstudiescontentGeographyandthe15%world*Percentagesareapproximate.TheReasoningthroughLanguageArts test assessesyourability to understandarangeof texts whichcanbe foundin bothacademicand workplacesettings. Thetestincludesliterary and informationaltextsas well as importantUSfoundingdocuments.‘The texts vary in length from450 to 900 words.You will be askedto identify detailsandmakelogical inferencesfrom—aswellas validclaimsabout—thetexts.Youalsowill be askedto definekey vocabularyandusetextualevidenceto analyzethe textsinyour ownwordsin the formof a writtenresponse.TheMathematicalReasoningtestassessesmasteryof key fundamentalmathconcepts.Rather than focusing on specific content,the test focuses on reasoning skillsandmodesof thinkingthatcanbe usedin a varietyof mathematicalcontentareas,specifically algebra, data analysis, andnumbersense.Questionswill assess your abilityto makesenseof complexproblems,uselogical thinkingto findsolutions,recognizestructure,and look for and expressregularity in repeatedreasoning.Youalso will beevaluatedonthe precisionof yourmathematics.TheSciencetest assessesyourmasteryof scientificcontentin life science,physicalscience, and Earth and space science, as well as your ability to apply scientific reasoning.Eachquestiononthe test will focusononesciencepracticeandonecontenttopic.Specifically,questionswill relate to twoprimarythemes:HumanHealthandLivingSystems—allconceptsrelatedto the healthandsafety of all living thingsontheplanet—andEnergyandRelatedSystems—allconceptsrelatedto sourcesandusesof energy.TheSocialStudiestest assessesyourmasteryofbothsocialstudiescontentandskills. Eachquestionaddressesoneelementofsocialstudiespractice and onespecificcontenttopic. The primary focus of the test is on Americancivics and government,withthe otherthree contentareasas supplements.Thequestionsaddresstwocorethemes:Developmentof ModernLibertiesandDemocracy—whichtracesthe currentideasIntroductioniii
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GED Reasoning Through Language Arts Study Guide: Comprehensive Review with Practice Test (2020) - Page 13 preview imageof democracyfromancienttimesto present—andDynamicResponsesin SocietalSystems, which addresses how society’s systems, structures,and policies have developedand respondedto each other.UniqueQuestionTypesWhilethe majority of the GEDexamis madeup of multiple-choicequestions, it alsocontainsseveral other types of questions that might be unfamiliarto you. Collectively,thesearecalled“technology-enhanceditems”becausethey require youto interactwitha computer.Therearefour typesof thesequestions:drag-and-drop,hot spot,drop-downor cloze,andfill-in-the-blank.Eachtypeof questionis structured a littledifferently and requires different actions from the test-taker.Each type ofquestionalsoassesses different skills. Whilethey may seem a little intimidating, once you understandwhatthese questionsaretesting and howto answerthem, you will seethey are quitemanageable.DRAG-and-DROPA drag-and-dropquestionhas threeparts:the questionor prompt,drop target,andtiles or “draggers.”Eachtile containsa small image, word,or numericalexpression.You will read the questionor prompt,andthen click the tile youthink has the correctanswer,drag it to the targetarea,andthenlet it go. In somecases,youmaybe able toput morethan onetile in a single target area, or you may be able to put the sametile inmultiple target areas.If this is the case, a note included with the question will tell youthat. For example,imaginea questionsays,Classify the followingfruits by color. Thereis a responseareafor yellow,blue, green,andred, andtiles that say apple, strawberry,blueberry, banana,and pear. Youwoulddrag boththe apple and strawberrytiles to thered target area. You wouldalso put the apple tile in the greenarea.Drag-and-dropquestionswilldifferbothin structureandin skillsassessed,dependingonthe subtest.Onthe Mathematicssubtest,drag-and-dropquestionsareprimarily used for constructingexpressions,equations,and inequalities.For example,the promptwill includea scenarioand an incompleteequation.‘The tiles will containvariousnumericaland/oralphabeticalvariablesandoperatorsthat couldcompletetheequation.Youmustthendrag theappropriatemathematicalelementto its spot inthe equation.Youalso couldbe askedto orderthe stepsin a mathematicalprocessorsolutionor matchitemsfromtwodifferentsets.Onthe Reasoning ThroughLanguageArts (RLA)subtest, drag-and-dropquestionswill typically focus on sequencingand classifying to assess comprehensionand analysisofareading passage.Somequestions may ask you to order eventsin a passage based onchronologyor to illustratecauseandeffect.Or youmight be askedto classify evidenceIV.Accepted,Inc.|GEDReasoningThroughLanguageArtsStudyGuide
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GED Reasoning Through Language Arts Study Guide: Comprehensive Review with Practice Test (2020) - Page 14 preview imagebasedonhowit relates to the argumentof a passage.Drag-and-dropquestionsonthissubtest will usually incorporategraphicorganizers,suchas Venndiagrams,timelines,or charts.OntheSocialStudiessubtest,drag-and-dropquestionsareprimarilyusedformapping,classifying, and sequencing. For example, you might be asked to put the stepsin a political process in the correct order, or you may be asked to sort actions based onthe relatedconstitutionalfreedom.Alternatively, you could be askedto place correctlabels onthe continentsor useinformationfrom a brief text to place data points onagraph or chart.On the Science subtest, drop-and-drag questions are used primarily for sequencingquestions:placing the steps of a biological or chemicalprocessin the correctorder.Thesequestionscanalso be used for classification, like sorting animalsinto mammalsand non-mammals.Likeonthe RLAsubtest, sciencedrag-and-dropquestionsoftenutilize graphic organizers,like Venndiagrams.EXAMPLE1.Theownerof a tacotruckdecidestousedatato determinehowmanytacoshe canmakeduringa two-hourlunchrush.Hehasdeterminedthattheaveragetimeit takesto makefive tacosis eightminutes.Completetheequationto showhowthetacotruckownerdeterminedthathecanmakeseventy-fivetacosin twohours.answerclare=6=©66-75 tacosareaarea2 hoursHOPsroIn a hot spot question,youwill be presentedwitha graphicimage.‘The imageisembeddedwith virtual “sensors”placed at variouspoints. The question will ask you toidentify somethingspecific withinthe image or to select an answerfrom several listedwithinthe image. You will indicate your selection by clicking on a virtual sensor.Forexample,the image could be a diagramofthehumanbody. If the question asks wherethe lungs are located, you wouldclick the chest, activating the sensorthere. Whilehotspot questionsare different from a traditional multiple-choicequestion, they might beeasier for you to do. Clicking on part ofanimage—ratherthan selecting a choice fromA to D—mightfeel similar to how you expressknowledgein the real world.IntroductionVv
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GED Reasoning Through Language Arts Study Guide: Comprehensive Review with Practice Test (2020) - Page 15 preview imageHotspot questionsappearoneverysubtestexceptRLA.Onthe Mathematicssubtest, hot spots are mostoften used to assess your ability to plot points on coordinategrids, numberlines, or scatterplots. For example,the graphic imagecouldbe a coor-dinategrid, andthe questionwouldask youto plot a specific point, like (5, -2). Youwouldthenclick the spot onthe graph associatedwith(5, -2). Othermathquestionsincludeidentifyingspecific partsof a scale model,selecting numericalor algebraicexpressionsthat identify parallel equations,or identifying different representationsofthe samenumericvalue.OntheSciencesubtest,hot spot questionsmayusea graphicimageor a blockoftext.In additionto allowing youto identify informationona modelor diagram,theyassessyour understandingof the relationship betweendata points or yourability to usedata pointsto supportor refutea particularconclusion.On the Social Studies subtest, hot spots questions often ask you to indicate evidencethat supportsa particular statementor idea. Like onthe Sciencesubtest, youmight beaskedto demonstratethe relationshipbetweendifferentdata points froma short blockof text or an image. ‘They are also often used with mapping.EXAMPLE2.Thesquarebelowis basedontheeyecolorof twoparents:onewithbrowneyesandonewithgreen.Accordingto thissquare,this couple'sbiologicalchildrenhavea 50percentchanceof havinggreeneyes.Clickthesectionsof thesquarethatsupportthisconclusion.DROPDOVTereZz)Adrop-downquestionis anopen-stemquestion,orincompletestatement.Thistypeof questionoccursin multiple-choicequestionsas well.However,in a drop-downquestion,ratherthanselectingananswerfromtheA—Doptionsthatappearafterthe statement,a drop-downbox withmultipleresponseoptionsis embeddedin thestatement.You will select the appropriate wordor phrase, whichwill fill in the blank.Youcanthenreadthe completestatementto checkthe accuracyofyourresponse.Forexample,a questionmight read, Bananasare, followedby a drop-downbox with severalcolorslisted—blue,red, yellow, green.Youwouldclick yellow,andthe statementwouldthenread, Bananasareyellow.Onthe Mathematicssubtest,drop-downquestionsaremostoftenusedto assessmathvocabularyor to comparetwoquantities,in whichcasethe drop-downbox willviAccepted,Inc.|GEDReasoningThroughLanguageArtsStudyGuide
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GED Reasoning Through Language Arts Study Guide: Comprehensive Review with Practice Test (2020) - Page 16 preview imagecontainlessthan,greaterthan,andequalsigns.Forotherdrop-downquestions,youwillbeaskedtoselectthe correctnumbertocompleteastatement.OntheRLAsubtest,drop-downquestionsareusedtoassessmasteryoflanguageskills,suchasAmericanEnglishconventions,standardusage,andpunctuation.Drop-downquestionsonthissubtestmimictheeditingprocess.Somultiplevaria-tionsofthesamephrasewillappearinthedrop-downbox withinthetext,and youwillselectthe onethatisgrammaticallycorrect.Itisimportanttoreadthecompletesentenceafteryourselectiontoensureyourchoicemakessense.Onthe Scienceand Social Studies subtests, these questionsare also mostoften usedwithtext. Youmay be askedto draw a logical conclusionfromprovidedtext-basedevidenceor to makea generalizationbasedonanauthor’sargument.EXAMPLESELECTcleanedthe wholekitchenand the upstairsbathrooms:beforegoingto bed.FILL-IN-THE-BLANK(FIB)Afill-in-the-blank(FIB)questionis a combinationof a standarditemanda con-structed response.It is similar to a drop-downquestion in that it containsan incompletestatement.However,ratherthanselectingananswerfromseveraloptions, youtypein the answer.Unlikea constructedresponse,the answeryou type will be only onetotwowordslong. Using the examplein the drop-downsection,if the statementread,Bananasare,ratherthanselectingfromseveralcolors,youwouldsimplytype yellow.FIBcanonly be used for questionsin whichthe answershave very little variability (sothis particular examplewouldnot actually appearonthe test). Sometimesa questionmayhavemorethanoneblank,requiringyouto typetwoseparateresponses.FIBquestionsassess your knowledgewithoutthe distractionof incorrectchoices.FIBquestionsareincludedin all subtestsexceptthe RLAsubtest.Onthe Mathe-maticssubtest,FIBquestionsmayask you to type a numericalanswerto a mathproblemorto writeanequationusingthenumbersandcharactersonthekeyboard.OntheSciencesubtest,an FIBquestionmayask you to fill in the specific quantity of somethingfroma graphic representationofdataor for a responseto a specific calculation.Introductionvii
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