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Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974
An act designed to reform the congressional budgetary process. Its supporters hoped that it would also make Congress less dependent on the president's...
Congressional Budget Office (CBO)
A counterweight to the president's Office of Management and Budget (OMB). The CBO advises Congress on the probable consequences of budget decisions an...
Connecticut Compromise
The compromise reached at the Constitutional Convention that established two house of congress: the House of Representatives, in which representation ...
consent of the governed
The idea that government derives its authority by sanction of the people.
constitution
A nation's basic law. It creates political institutions, assigns or divides powers in government, and often provides certain guarantees to citizens. C...
consumer price index
The key measure of inflation-the change in the cost of buying a fixed basket of goods and services.
Related Flashcard Decks
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 | An act designed to reform the congressional budgetary process. Its supporters hoped that it would also make Congress less dependent on the president's budget and better able to set and meet its own budgetary goals. |
Congressional Budget Office (CBO) | A counterweight to the president's Office of Management and Budget (OMB). The CBO advises Congress on the probable consequences of budget decisions and forecasts revenues. |
Connecticut Compromise | The compromise reached at the Constitutional Convention that established two house of congress: the House of Representatives, in which representation is based on a state's share of the U.S. population; and the Senate, in which each state has two representatives. |
consent of the governed | The idea that government derives its authority by sanction of the people. |
constitution | A nation's basic law. It creates political institutions, assigns or divides powers in government, and often provides certain guarantees to citizens. Constitutions can be either written or unwritten. |
consumer price index | The key measure of inflation-the change in the cost of buying a fixed basket of goods and services. |
containment doctrine | A foreign policy strategy advocated by George Kennan that call for the United States to isolate the Soviet Union, 'contain' its advances, and resist its encroachments by peaceful means if possible but by force if necessary. |
continuing resolutions | When congress cannot reach agreement and pass appropriations bills, these resolutions allow agencies to spend at the level of the previous year. |
cooperative federalism | A system of government in which powers and policy assignments are shared between states and the national government. |
Council of Economic Advisers | A three-member body appointed by the president to advise the president on economic policy. |
courts of appeals | Appellate courts empowered to review all final decisions of district courts, except in rare cases. In addition, they also hear appeals to orders of many federal regulatory agencies. |
Craig v. Boren | The 1976 ruling in which the Supreme court established the 'intermediate scrutiny' standard for determining gender discrimination. |
crisis | A sudden, unpredictable, and potentially dangerous event requiring the president to play the role of crisis manager. |
critical election | An electoral 'earthquake' where new issues emerge, new coalitions replace old ones, and the majority party is often displaced by the minority party. Critical election periods are sometimes marked by a national crisis and may require more than one election to bring about a new party era. |
cruel and unusual punishment | Court sentences prohibited by the Eight Amendment. |
Declaration of independence | The document approved by representatives of the America colonies in 1776 that stated their grievances against the British monarch and declared their independence. |
deficit | An excess of federal expenditures over federal revenues. |
democracy | A system of selecting policymakers and of organizing government so that policy represents and responds to the public's preferences. |
demography | The science of population changes. |
deregulation | The lifting of government restrictions on business, industry, and professional activities. |
detente | A policy, beginning in the early 1970s, that sought a relaxation of tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union, coupled with firm guarantees of mutual security. |
devolution | Transferring responsibility for policies from the federal government to state and local governments. |
direct mail | A method of raising money for a political cause or candidate, in which information and requests for money are sent to people whose names appear on list of those who have supported similar views or candidates in the past. |
district courts | The 91 federal courts of original jurisdiction. They are the only federal courts in which trials are held and in which juries may be impaneled. |
dual federalism | A system of government in which both the states and the national government remain supreme within their own spheres, each responsible for some policies. |