Solution Manual for Business Mathematics, 13th Edition

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’SSOLUTIONSMANUALDEANARICHMONDBUSINESSMATHEMATICSTHIRTEENTHEDITIONGary ClendenenSiena CollegeStanley A. SalzmanAmerican River College

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1CONTENTSChapter 1Whole Numbers and Decimals.................................................. 3Chapter 2Fractions.................................................................................. 21Chapter 3Percents ................................................................................... 39Chapter 4Equations and Formulas.......................................................... 61Chapter 5Bank Services.......................................................................... 89Chapter 6Payroll ..................................................................................... 99Chapter 7Mathematics of Buying ......................................................... 115Chapter 8Mathematics of Selling ......................................................... 125Chapter 9Simple Interest ...................................................................... 139Chapter 10Compound Interest and Inflation .......................................... 163Chapter 11Annuities, Stocks, and Bonds................................................ 175Chapter 12Business and Consumer Loans.............................................. 185Chapter 13Taxes and Insurance.............................................................. 203Chapter 14Depreciation .......................................................................... 215Chapter 15Financial Statements and Ratios ........................................... 233Chapter 16Business Statistics ................................................................. 249Appendix AThe Metric System............................................................... 257Appendix BBasic Calculators.................................................................. 259Appendix CFinancial Calculators ........................................................... 261Appendix DExponents and Order of Operations..................................... 263Appendix EGraphing Equations.............................................................. 267

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3Chapter 1Whole Numbers and Decimals1.1Whole Numbers1.7040seven thousand, forty2.5310five thousand, three hundred ten3.37,901thirty-seven thousand, nine hundred one4.725,069seven hundred twenty-five thousand, sixty-nine5.4,650,015four million, six hundred fifty thousand,fifteen6.3,765,041,000three billion, seven hundred sixty-fivemillion, forty-one thousand7.2065 to the nearest ten is 2070.Draw a line under the tens digit.2065Since the digit to the right of that place is 5,increase the tens digit by 1. Change all digitsto the right of the tens place to zero.2065 to the nearest hundred is 2100.Draw a line under the hundreds digit.2065Since the digit to the right of that place is 6,increase the hundreds digit by 1. Change alldigits to the right of the hundreds place tozero.2065 to the nearest thousand is 2000.Draw a line under the thousands digit.2065Since the digit to the right of that place is 0,do not change the thousands digit. Changeall digits to the right of the thousands place tozero.8.8385 to the nearest ten is 8390.Draw a line under the tens digit.8385Since the digit to the right of that place is 5,increase the tens digit by 1. Change all digitsto the right of the tens place to zero.8385 to the nearest hundred is 8400.Draw a line under the hundreds digit.8385Since the digit to the right of that place is 8,increase the hundreds digit by 1. Change alldigits to the right of the hundreds place tozero.8385 to the nearest thousand is 8000.Draw a line under the thousands digit.8385Since the digit to the right of that place is 3,do not change the thousands digit. Changeall digits to the right of the thousands place tozero.9.46,231 to the nearest ten is 46,230.Draw a line under the tens digit.46,231Since the digit to the right of that place is 1,do not change the tens digit. Change alldigits to the right of the tens place to zero.46,231 to the nearest hundred is 46,200.Draw a line under the hundreds digit.46,231Since the digit to the right of that place is 3,do not change the hundreds digit. Change alldigits to the right of the hundreds place tozero.46,231 to the nearest thousand is 46,000.Draw a line under the thousands digit.46,231Since the digit to the right of that place is 2,do not change the thousands digit. Changeall digits to the right of the thousands place tozero.

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Chapter 1Whole Numbers and Decimals410.55,175 to the nearest ten is 55,180.Draw a line under the tens digit.55,175Since the digit to the right of that place is 5,increase the tens digit by 1. Change all digitsto the right of the tens place to zero.55,175 to the nearest hundred is 55,200.Draw a line under the hundreds digit.55,175Since the digit to the right of that place is 7,increase the hundreds digit by 1. Change alldigits to the right of the hundreds place tozero.55,175 to the nearest thousand is 55,000.Draw a line under the thousands digit.55,175Since the digit to the right of that place is 1,do not change the thousands digit. Changeall digits to the right of the thousands place tozero.11.106,054 to the nearest ten is 106,050.Draw a line under the tens digit.106,054Since the digit to the right of that place is 4,do not change the tens digit. Change alldigits to the right of the tens place to zero.106,054 to the nearest hundred is 106,100.Draw a line under the hundreds digit.106,054Since the digit to the right of that place is 5,increase the hundreds digit by 1. Change alldigits to the right of the hundreds place tozero.106,054 to the nearest thousand is 106,000.Draw a line under the thousands digit.106,054Since the digit to the right of that place is 0,do not change the thousands digit. Changeall digits to the right of the thousands place tozero.12.359,874 to the nearest ten is 359,870.Draw a line under the tens digit.359,874Since the digit to the right of that place is 4,do not change the tens digit. Change alldigits to the right of the tens place to zero.359,874 to the nearest hundred is 359,900.Draw a line under the hundreds digit.359,874Since the digit to the right of that place is 7,increase the hundreds digit by 1. Change alldigits to the right of the hundreds place tozero.359,874 to the nearest thousand is 360,000.Draw a line under the thousands digit.359,874Since the digit to the right of that place is 8,increase the thousands digit by 1. 59increased by 1 is 60. Change all other digitsto the right of the thousands place to zero.13.Answers will vary.14.Answers will vary.15.75634527210+16.57264318144+17.8753641717762186+18.1355944152761420+

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Chapter 1Whole Numbers and Decimals519.75091854071396+20.371458393471305+21.311, 47977,631594,383983, 493+22.803,526759,99136,0241,599,541+23.896228668-24.757286471-25.37158382877-26.62157675448-27.65,19843,65221,546-28.445,19362,785382, 408-29.7,025,389936, 4906,088,899-30.9,807,943959, 4898,848, 454-31.Adding across the rows, we get thefollowing.$49,802$36,911$47,851$54,732$29,852$74,119$293, 267+$86,154$72,908$31,552$74,944$85,532$36,705$387,795+$59,854$85,119$87,914$45,812$56,314$91,856$426,869+$73,951$72,564$39,615$71,099$72,918$42,953$373,100+$293, 267$387, 795$426,869$373,100$1, 481, 031+++=Adding down the columns, we get thefollowing.$49,802$86,154$59,854$73,951$269,761+$36,911$72,908$85,119$72,564$267,502+$47,851$31,552$87,914$39,615$206,932+$54,732$74,944$45,812$71,099$246,587+$29,852$85,532$56,314$72,918$244, 616+$74,119$36,705$91,856$42,953$245,633+$269,761$267,502$206,932$246,587$244,616$245,633$1, 481,031+++++=

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Chapter 1Whole Numbers and Decimals632.Adding across the rows, we get thefollowing.$29,806$31,712$40,909$32,514$18,902$23,514$177,357+$92,143$86,599$97,194$72,815$89,500$63,754$502,005+$31,802$39,515$58,192$32,544$41,920$48,732$252,705+$15,746$12,986$32,325$41,983$39,814$20,605$163, 459+$177,357$502,005$252,705$163, 459$1,095,526+++=Adding down the columns, we get thefollowing.$29,806$92,143$31,802$15,746$169, 497+$31,712$86,599$39,515$12,986$170,812+$40,909$97,194$58,192$32,325$228,620+$32,514$72,815$32,544$41,983$179,856+$18,902$89,500$41,920$39,814$190,136+$23,514$63,754$48,732$20,605$156,605+$169, 497$170,812$228,620$179,856$190,136$156,605$1,095,526+++++=33.218436548729374´34.672564 03233 6037, 632´35.1896623 792113 76117,552´36.73183858 544219 54278,084´37.64522631 9 356387 1212 9 0 41, 696,876´38.714329535715642871 42862,107,185´39.110973111 10911 09332 77 7638,107,899´40.950334119 50395 033 801 228 50932, 414,733´

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Chapter 1Whole Numbers and Decimals741.EstimateExact8,0008,21560567007294, 0003,60512, 76012,605¬¾¾¬¾¾¬¾¾+¬¾¾+42.EstimateExact3,0002,68570736005927,0007,18310,67010,533¬¾¾¬¾¾¬¾¾+¬¾¾+43.EstimateExact800783200238600545¬¾¾-¬¾¾ -44.EstimateExact900942300286600656¬¾¾-¬¾¾ -45.EstimateExact600638504730,00029,986¬¾¾´¬¾¾ ´46.EstimateExact900864707463,00063,936¬¾¾´¬¾¾ ´47.370180´3718666´+ 2 zeros66,60048.520400´524208´+ 3 zeros208,00049.37606000´37662256´+ 4 zeros22,560,00050.72001300´7213936´+ 4 zeros9,360,00051.1241 R14 496540981616054152.1,887 R57 13, 21476 25661565449553.458 R2143 19, 71517 225 121 53653442154.875 R7793 81, 45274 47 056515424657755.Answers will vary.56.Answers will vary.

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Chapter 1Whole Numbers and Decimals857.180 429,3502, 385 R518 42, 935366 95 41 531449590558.320 360,9901,128 R332 36,099324 0328964259256359.1300 75,80058 R413 75865108104460.1600 253,100158 R316 2531169380131128361.2,240,000two million, two hundred fortythousand62.8,534,350eight million, five hundred thirty-fourthousand, three hundred fifty63.3,200,000three million, two hundred thousand64.15,461,800,000,000fifteen trillion, four hundred sixty-one billion,eight hundred million dollars65.eight hundred fifty-four thousand, sevenhundred ninety-five854,79566.two billion2,000,000,00067.fifty-five million, five hundred seventy-twothousand, six hundred thirty-three55,572,63368.six hundred forty-eight million648,000,00069.500040´5420´+ 4 zerosThere are 200,000 chips in 40 pounds.70.33,000,00030´33399´+ 7 zeros990,000,000 Hershey Kisses can be producedin 30 days.71.900400500200200020004500+++=¸=Jim restocks 500 items per hour.72.1801927208858010496445644551289++++=¸=There is an average of 1289 sold per week.73.A total of61510536+++=rafts wererented.6$70$42015$95$142510$165$16505$180$90036$3$108´=´=´=´=´=$420$1425$1650$900$108$4503++++=Total receipts were $4503.74.A total of38735846215+++=rafts wererented.38$70$266073$95$693558$165$957046$180$8280215$3$645´=´=´=´=´=$2660$6935$9570$8280$645$28,090++++=Total receipts were $28,090.

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Chapter 1Whole Numbers and Decimals975.51,06227,87024,91224, 353128,197+++=There were 128,197 thousand or 128,197,000egg-laying chickens in the top four states.76.50,00030,00020,00020,00020,00020, 000160, 000+++++=The total number of egg-laying chickensfrom all states shown is 160,000 thousandor 160,000,000.77.51,06218,76932, 293-=There are 32,293 thousand or 32,293,000more egg-laying chickens in Iowa than inTexas.78.()()51,06227,87020, 02418,76978, 93238,79340,139+-+=-=There are 40,139 thousand or 40,139,000more egg-laying chickens in Iowa and Ohiocombined compared to California and Texascombined.79.6.510006500´=There are 6500 Family Dollar retail stores.80.810008000´=There are 8000 7-Eleven stores.81.8.510008500´=Dollar General has the largest number ofretail stores, with 8500 stores.82.510005000´=Rite-Aid has the fewest retail stores, with5000 stores.83.8.510008500 Dollar General stores610006000 Walgreens stores´=´=850060002500-=Dollar General has 2500 more retail storesthan Walgreens.84.710007000 CVS stores610006000 Walgreens stores´=´=700060001000-=CVS has 1000 more retail stores thanWalgreens.1.2Application Problems1.602935132875715865208++++=Subway sold 5208 sandwiches.2.80751354052382++++=Rob rode 382 miles.3.30202920100-=100 billion fewer miles were driven.4.81,46570, 44911,016-=11,016 more Ford Explorers were sold.5.607365221,555´=221,555 World War II veterans are projectedto die in the next 365 days.6.161,100,00017,600,000´=There were approximately 17,600,000 WorldWar II veterans.7.83757627613-=76139768589+=The weight of the boat is 8589 pounds.8.()()$195$180$205$85$62$92$580$239$341++-++=-=The savings is $341.9.$499$435$64-=The decrease in price was $64.10.21,375925012,125-=The weight of the firewood is 12,125 pounds.11.43,5601406, 098, 400´=There are 6,098,400 square feet in 140 acres.12.40 million36514,600 million´=14,600 million or 14,600,000,000 checks areprocessed in a year.13.$225$75$150, 7$150$1050-=´=The amount saved is $1050.14.$645$74$571; 4$571$2284-=´=The amount saved is $2284.15.6$1256$ 7,53615$895$13, 425Total$20,961´=´==The total cost is $20,961.

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Chapter 1Whole Numbers and Decimals1016.32$1538$49, 21628$887$24,836Total$74,052´=´==The total cost is $74,052.17.$7588$838$6750−=$6750 was raised.$675018$375÷=Each team received $375.18.()$602$98$120$98$22×−=−=The total profit per hour is $22.$2235$770×=Smith’s profit for the week is $770.19.3025750×=1250750500-=There are 500 balcony seats5002520¸=There must be 20 seats in each row.20.8240550820,000´´ ´=There are 820,000 calls per year.820,00017,00048 R4000,which rounds to 49.¸=A minimum of 49 call center operators areneeded.1.3Decimal Numbers1..38thirty-eight hundredths2..91ninety-one hundredths3.5.61five and sixty-one hundredths4.6.53six and fifty-three hundredths5.7.408seven and four hundred eight thousandths6.1.254one and two hundred fifty-four thousandths7.37.593thirty-seven and five hundred ninety-threethousandths8.20.903twenty and nine hundred three thousandths9.4.0062four and sixty-two ten-thousandths10.9.0201nine and two hundred one ten-thousandths11.Answers will vary.12.Answers will vary.13.four hundred thirty-eight and four tenths438.414.six hundred five and seven tenths605.715.ninety-seven and sixty-two hundredths97.6216.seventy-one and thirty-three hundredths71.3317.one and five hundred seventy-three ten-thousandths1.057318.nine and three hundred eight ten-thousandths9.030819.three and five thousand eight hundredtwenty-seven ten-thousandths3.582720.two thousand seventy-four ten-thousandths.207421.$11.992$5.995$6.00¸=»Zagorin pays $6.00.22.$11.904$2.975$2.98¸=»Zagorin pays $2.98.23.$1.753$.58333$.58¸»»Zagorin pays $.58.24.$3.946$.65666$.66¸»»Zagorin pays $.66.25.$11.983$3.993$3.99¸»»Zagorin pays $3.99.26.$37.465$7.492$7.49¸=»Zagorin pays $7.49.

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Chapter 1Whole Numbers and Decimals1127.3.5218 to the nearest tenth is 3.5.Locate the tenths digit and draw a line.3.5 218Since the digit to the right of the line is 2,leave the tenths digit alone.3.5218 to the nearest hundredth is 3.52.Locate the hundredths digit and draw a line.3.52 18Since the digit to the right of the line is 1,leave the hundredths digit alone.3.5218 to the nearest thousandth is 3.522.Locate the hundredths digit and draw a line.3.512 8Since the digit to the right of the line is 8,increase the thousandths digit by 1.28.4.836 to the nearest tenth is 4.8.Locate the tenths digit and draw a line.4.8 36Since the digit to the right of the line is 3,leave the tenths digit alone.4.836 to the nearest hundredth is 4.84.Locate the hundredths digit and draw a line.4.83 6Since the digit to the right of the line is 6,increase the hundredths digit by 1.4.836 to the nearest thousandth is 4.836.Locate the hundredths digit and draw a line.4.836 0Since the digit to the right of the line is 0,leave the thousandths digit alone.29.2.54836 to the nearest tenth is 2.5.Locate the tenths digit and draw a line.2.5 4836Since the digit to the right of the line is 4,leave the tenths digit alone.2.54836 to the nearest hundredth is 2.55.Locate the hundredths digit and draw a line.2.54 836Since the digit to the right of the line is 8,increase the hundredths digit by 1.2.54836 to the nearest thousandth is 2.548.Locate the thousandths digit and draw a line.2.548 36Since the digit to the right of the line is 3,leave the thousandths digit alone.30.7.44652 to the nearest tenth is 7.4.Locate the tenths digit and draw a line.7.4 4652Since the digit to the right of the line is 4,leave the tenths digit alone.7.44652 to the nearest hundredth is 7.45.Locate the hundredths digit and draw a line.7.44 652Since the digit to the right of the line is 6,increase the hundredths digit by 1.7.44652 to the nearest thousandth is 7.447.Locate the thousandths digit and draw a line.7.446 52Since the digit to the right of the line is 5,increase the thousandths digit by 1.31.27.32451 to the nearest tenth is 27.3.Locate the tenths digit and draw a line.27.3 2451Since the digit to the right of the line is 2,leave the tenths digit alone.27.32451 to the nearest hundredth is 27.32.Locate the hundredths digit and draw a line.27.32 451Since the digit to the right of the line is 4,leave the hundredths digit alone.27.32451 to the nearest thousandth is 27.325.Locate the thousandths digit and draw a line.27.324 51Since the digit to the right of the line is 5,increase the thousandths digit by 1.32.89.53796 to the nearest tenth is 89.5.Locate the tenths digit and draw a line.89.5 3796Since the digit to the right of the line is 3,leave the tenths digit alone.89.53796 to the nearest hundredth is 89.54.Locate the hundredths digit and draw a line.89.53 796Since the digit to the right of the line is 7,increase the hundredths digit by 1.89.53796 to the nearest thousandth is 89.538.Locate the thousandths digit and draw a line.89.537 96Since the digit to the right of the line is 9,increase the thousandths digit by 1.

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Chapter 1Whole Numbers and Decimals1233.36.47249 to the nearest tenth is 36.5.Locate the tenths digit and draw a line.36.4 7249Since the digit to the right of the line is 7,increase the tenths digit by 1.36.47249 to the nearest hundredth is 36.47.Locate the hundredths digit and draw a line.36.47 249Since the digit to the right of the line is 2,leave the hundredths digit alone.36.47249 to the nearest thousandth is 36.472.Locate the thousandths digit and draw a line.36.472 49Since the digit to the right of the line is 4,leave the thousandths digit alone.34.58.95651 to the nearest tenth is 59.0.Locate the tenths digit and draw a line.58.9 5651Since the digit to the right of the line is 5,increase the tenths digit by 1. 58.9 increasedby .1 is 59.0.58.95651 to the nearest hundredth is 58.96.Locate the hundredths digit and draw a line.58.95 651Since the digit to the right of the line is 6,increase the hundredths digit by 1.58.95651 to the nearest thousandth is 58.957.Locate the thousandths digit and draw a line.58.956 51Since the digit to the right of the line is 5,increase the thousandths digit by 1.35..0562 to the nearest tenth is .1.Locate the tenths digit and draw a line..0 562Since the digit to the right of the line is 5,increase the tenths digit by 1..0562 to the nearest hundredth is .06.Locate the hundredths digit and draw a line..05 62Since the digit to the right of the line is 6,increase the hundredths digit by 1..0562 to the nearest thousandth is .056.Locate the thousandths digit and draw a line..056 2Since the digit to the right of the line is 2,leave the thousandths digit alone.36..0789 to the nearest tenth is .1.Locate the tenths digit and draw a line..0 789Since the digit to the right of the line is 7,increase the tenths digit by 1..0789 to the nearest hundredth is .08.Locate the hundredths digit and draw a line..07 89Since the digit to the right of the line is 8,increase the hundredths digit by 1..0789 to the nearest thousandth is .079.Locate the thousandths digit and draw a line..078 9Since the digit to the right of the line is 9,increase the thousandths digit by 1.37.$5.056$5.06»Locate the digit representing the cent anddraw a vertical line.$5.05 6Since the digit to the right of the line is 6,increase the cent digit by 1.38.$16.519$16.52»Locate the digit representing the cent anddraw a vertical line.$16.51 9Since the digit to the right of the line is 9,increase the cent digit by 1.39.$32.493$32.49»Locate the digit representing the cent anddraw a vertical line.$32.49 3Since the digit to the right of the line is 3,leave the cent digit alone.40.$375.003$375.00»Locate the digit representing the cent anddraw a vertical line.$375.00 3Since the digit to the right of the line is 3,leave the cent digit alone.41.$382.005$382.01»Locate the digit representing the cent anddraw a vertical line.$382.00 5Since the digit to the right of the line is 5,increase the cent digit by 1.

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Chapter 1Whole Numbers and Decimals1342.$12,802.965$12,802.97»Locate the digit representing the cent anddraw a vertical line.$12,802.96 5Since the digit to the right of the line is 5,increase the cent digit by 1.43.$42.137$42.14»Locate the digit representing the cent anddraw a vertical line.$42.13 7Since the digit to the right of the line is 7,increase the cent digit by 1.44.$.846$.85»Locate the digit representing the cent anddraw a vertical line.$.84 6Since the digit to the right of the line is 6,increase the cent digit by 1.45.$.0015$.00»Locate the digit representing the cent anddraw a vertical line.$.00 15Since the digit to the right of the line is 1,leave the cent digit alone.46.$.008$.01»Locate the digit representing the cent anddraw a vertical line.$.00 8Since the digit to the right of the line is 8,increase the cent digit by 1.47.$1.5002$1.50»Locate the digit representing the cent anddraw a vertical line.$1.50 02Since the digit to the right of the line is 0,leave the cent digit alone.48.$7.6009$7.60»Locate the digit representing the cent anddraw a vertical line.$7.60 09Since the digit to the right of the line is 0,leave the cent digit alone.49.$1.995$2.00»Locate the digit representing the cent anddraw a vertical line.$1.99 5Since the digit to the right of the line is 5,increase the cent digit by 1.50.$28.994$28.99»Locate the digit representing the cent anddraw a vertical line.$28.99 4Since the digit to the right of the line is 4,leave the cent digit alone.51.$752.798$752.80»Locate the digit representing the cent anddraw a vertical line.$752.79 8Since the digit to the right of the line is 8,increase the cent digit by 1.52.$8.58$9»Locate the digit representing the dollar anddraw a vertical line.$8. 58Since the digit to the right of the line is 5,increase the dollar digit by 1.53.$26.49$26»Locate the digit representing the dollar anddraw a vertical line.$26. 49Since the digit to the right of the line is 4,leave the dollar digit alone.54.$.57$1»Locate the digit representing the dollar anddraw a vertical line.$. 57Since the digit to the right of the line is 5,increase the dollar digit by 1.55.$.49$0»Locate the digit representing the dollar anddraw a vertical line.$. 49Since the digit to the right of the line is 4,leave the dollar digit alone.

Chapter 1Whole Numbers and Decimals1456.$299.76$300»Locate the digit representing the dollar anddraw a vertical line.$299. 76Since the digit to the right of the line is 7,increase the dollar digit by 1. $299 increasedby 1 is $300.57.$12,836.38$12,836»Locate the digit representing the dollar anddraw a vertical line.$12,836. 38Since the digit to the right of the line is 3,leave the dollar digit alone.58.$268.72$269»Locate the digit representing the dollar anddraw a vertical line.$268. 72Since the digit to the right of the line is 7,increase the dollar digit by 1.59.$395.18$395»Locate the digit representing the dollar anddraw a vertical line.$395. 18Since the digit to the right of the line is 1,leave the dollar digit alone.60.$666.66$667»Locate the digit representing the dollar anddraw a vertical line.$666. 66Since the digit to the right of the line is 6,increase the dollar digit by 1.61.$4699.62$4700»Locate the digit representing the dollar anddraw a vertical line.$4699. 62Since the digit to the right of the line is 6,increase the dollar digit by 1. $4699increased by 1 is $4700.62.$11, 285.13$11, 285»Locate the digit representing the dollar anddraw a vertical line.$11, 285. 13Since the digit to the right of the line is 1,leave the dollar digit alone.63.$378.59$379»Locate the digit representing the dollar anddraw a vertical line.$378. 59Since the digit to the right of the line is 5,increase the dollar digit by 1.64.$233.86$234»Locate the digit representing the dollar anddraw a vertical line.$233. 86Since the digit to the right of the line is 8,increase the dollar digit by 1.65.$722.38$722»Locate the digit representing the dollar anddraw a vertical line.$722. 38Since the digit to the right of the line is 3,leave the dollar digit alone.66.$8263.47$8263»Locate the digit representing the dollar anddraw a vertical line.$8263. 47Since the digit to the right of the line is 3,leave the dollar digit alone.67.Answers will vary.68.Answers will vary.1.4Addition and Subtractionof Decimals1.EstimateExact4043.362015.899.36968.46¬¾¾¬¾¾+¬¾¾ +2.EstimateExact600623.15700734.29700686.2620002043.70¬¾¾¬¾¾+¬¾¾ +

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