Saunders QandA Review for the NCLEX-RN Examination (2021)

Saunders QandA Review for the NCLEX-RN Examination (2021) is your essential resource for acing certification exams with confidence.

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DownloadedfromStudyXY.com[=Ww+StudyXYoias.Za\Rr'BE\StudyAnythingThisContentHasbeenPostedOnStudyXY.comassupplementarylearningmaterial.StudyXYdoesnotendroseanyuniversity,collegeorpublisher.Allmaterialspostedareundertheliabilityofthecontributors.|8)www.studyxy.com

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SAUNDERSQ&AREVIEWFORTHENCLEX-RN®EXAMINATIONEDITION8LindaAnneSilvestri,PhD,RN,FAANNursingInstructorUniversityofNevada,LasVegasLasVegas,NevadaPresidentNursingReviews,Inc.andProfessionalNursingSeminars,Inc.Henderson,NevadaElsevierNextGenerationNCLEX®(NGN)ThoughtLeaderAngelaElizabethSilvestri,PhD,APRN,FNP-BC,CNEAssistantProfessorandBSNProgramDirectorUniversityofNevada,LasVegasLasVegas,Nevada

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PresidentNursePrep,LLCHenderson,NevadaAssociateEditorLindaTurchin,RN,MSN,CNEProfessorEmeritusNursing,FairmontStateUniversityFairmont,WestVirginia

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Elsevier3251RiverportLaneSt.Louis,Missouri63043SAUNDERSQ&AREVIEWFORTHENCLEX-RN®EXAMINATION,EIGHTHEDITIONISBN:978-0-323-67284-9Copyright©2021byElsevier,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechanical,includingphotocopying,recording,oranyinformationstorageandretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher.Detailsonhowtoseekpermission,furtherinformationaboutthePublisher'spermissionspoliciesandourarrangementswithorganizationssuchastheCopyrightClearanceCenterandtheCopyrightLicensingAgency,canbefoundatourwebsite:www.elsevier.com/permissions.ThisbookandtheindividualcontributionscontainedinitareprotectedundercopyrightbythePublisher(otherthanasmaybenotedherein).NoticePractitionersandresearchersmustalwaysrelyontheirownexperienceandknowledgeinevaluatingandusinganyinformation,methods,compoundsorexperimentsdescribedherein.Becauseofrapidadvancesinthemedicalsciences,inparticular,independentverificationofdiagnosesanddrugdosagesshouldbemade.Tothefullestextentofthelaw,noresponsibilityisassumedbyElsevier,authors,editorsorcontributorsforanyinjuryand/ordamagetopersonsorpropertyasamatterofproductsliability,negligenceorotherwise,orfromanyuseoroperationofanymethods,products,instructions,orideascontainedinthematerialherein.Previouseditionscopyrighted2018,2015,2012,and2009.NCLEX®,NCLEX-RN®,andNCLEX-PN®areregisteredtrademarksoftheNationalCouncilofStateBoardsofNursing,Inc.LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2020943684DirectorofContentStrategy:TamaraMyersDirectorofContentDevelopment:LaurieGowerSeniorContentDevelopmentSpecialist:LauraGoodrichPublishingServicesManager:JulieEddySeniorProjectManager:CindyThomsSeniorBookDesigner:MaggieReidStudyXY

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PrintedinCanadaLastdigitistheprintnumber:987654321+StudyXy

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InlovingmemoryofmyparentsandAngela’sgrandparentsARNOLDLAWRENCEANDFRANCESMARYOurmemoriesoftheirlove,support,andwordsofencouragementwillremaininourheartsforever!andToourmanybrave,courageous,andstrongfellownursesacrosstheworldwhoareatthefrontlinescaringforsomanypeoplesufferingwithCOVID-19—wethankyouforprotectingallofusandwewishyousafetyateverymoment.Mayyournever-endinghope,strength,courage,andbraverybeaninspirationtoallofus.Study!

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AbouttheAuthorsLindaAnneSilvestri(PhotobyLaurentW.Valliere)Asachild,Ialwaysdreamedofbecomingeitheranurseorateacher.InitiallyIchosetobecomeanursebecauseIreallywantedtohelpothers,especiallythosewhowereill.ThenIrealizedthatbothofmy

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dreamscouldcometrue;Icouldbebothanurseandateacher.SoIpursuedmydreams.IreceivedmydiplomainnursingatCooleyDickinsonHospitalSchoolofNursinginNorthampton,Massachusetts.Afterward,IworkedatBaystateMedicalCenterinSpringfield,Massachusetts,whereIcaredforclientsinacutemedical-surgicalunits,theintensivecareunit,theemergencydepartment,pediatricunits,andotheracutecareunits.Later,IreceivedanassociatedegreefromHolyokeCommunityCollegeinHolyoke,Massachusetts;myBSNfromAmericanInternationalCollegeinSpringfield,Massachusetts;andmyMSNfromAnnaMariaCollegeinPaxton,Massachusetts,withadualmajorinNursingManagementandPatientEducation.IreceivedmyPhDinNursingfromtheUniversityofNevada,LasVegas(UNLV)andconductedresearchonself-efficacyandthepredictorsofNCLEXsuccess.In2012,IreceivedtheUNLVSchoolofNursingAlumnaoftheYearAward.IamamemberoftheHonorSocietyofNursing,SigmaThetaTauInternational,PhiKappaPhi,theWesternInstituteofNursing,theEasternNursingResearchSociety,theGoldenKeyInternationalHonourSociety,theNationalLeagueforNursing,andtheAmericaNursesAssociation.Additionally,IamaFellowintheAmericanAcademyofNursing.AsanativeofSpringfield,Massachusetts,Ibeganmyteachingcareerasaninstructorofmedical-surgicalnursingandleadership-managementnursingin1981atBaystateMedicalCenterSchoolofNursing.In1989,IrelocatedtoRhodeIslandandbeganteachingadvancedmedical-surgicalnursingandpsychiatricnursingtoRNandLPNstudentsattheCommunityCollegeofRhodeIsland.Whileteachingthere,agroupofstudentsapproachedmeforassistanceinpreparingfortheNCLEXexamination.Ihavealwayshadaveryspecialinterestintestsuccessfornursingstudentsbecauseofmyownpersonalexperienceswithtesting.Takingtestswasnevereasyforme,andasastudentIneededtofindmethodsandstrategiesthatwouldbringsuccess.Myowndifficultexperiences,desire,anddedicationtoassistnursingstudentstoovercometheobstaclesassociatedwithtestinginspiredmetodevelopandwritethemanyproductsthat

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wouldfostersuccesswithtesting.Myexperiencesasastudent,nursingeducator,anditemwriterfortheNCLEXexamsaidedmeasIdevelopedacomprehensivereviewcoursetopreparenursinggraduatesfortheNCLEXexamination.Later,in1994,Ibeganteachingmedical-surgicalnursingatSalveReginaUniversityinNewport,RhodeIsland.IalsopreparednursingstudentsatSalveReginaUniversityfortheNCLEX-RNexamination.Currently,Iamapart-timenursinginstructoratUNLV.IamthePresidentofNursingReviews,Inc,establishedin2000,andProfessionalNursingSeminars,Inc.,establishedin1991.BothcompaniesarelocatedinHenderson,Nevadaandarededicatedtohelpingnursinggraduatesachievetheirgoalsofbecomingregisterednurses,licensedpractical/vocationalnurses,orboth.Today,IamthesuccessfulauthorofnumerousNCLEXreviewproductspublishedbyElsevier.And,IalsoworkwithElsevierasaThoughtLeaderfortheNextGenerationNCLEX®(NGN).IamsopleasedthatyouhavedecidedtojoinmeonyourjourneytosuccessintestingfornursingexaminationsandfortheNCLEX-RNexamination!

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AngelaElizabethSilvestriBeinganurseisoneofthemostenrichingaspectsofmylife.It'sacareerthatismultifacetedandcomplexandallowsmetobechallengedscientifically,technically,andspiritually.Asanurseeducator,Ifeelhonoredtoimpartmyknowledgeandexperiencetootherswhoarehopingtoserveinthisselfless,caringprofession.Asanursescientist,Iaimtomakeanimpactonhealthcaredeliverymethods,qualityofcareprovided,andoverallhealthcareoutcomes.IearnedmyBaccalaureateofScienceinNursingatSalveReginaUniversityinNewport,RhodeIsland.Upongraduation,Iworkedinlong-termcare,subacutecare,rehabilitation,andacutecaresettings.IhadtheopportunitytoserveasapreceptorfornewgraduateRNswhileworkingintheseareas.Withthedesiretobecomeaneducator,IpursuedmyMasterofScienceinNursingwithafocusinEducationfromtheUniversityofNevada,LasVegas,duringwhichIservedasa

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GraduateAssistantandreceivedformaltrainingasanoviceNurseEducator.IcontinuedmystudiesintheDoctorofPhilosophyprogramandFamilyNursePractitioner(FNP)post-master’scertificateprogramattheUniversityofNevada,LasVegas.Myshort-termgoalsincludeconductingresearchfocusedonnursingeducationandfindingthebeststudent-centeredteachingstrategiestohelpstudentstransitiontosuccessfulnursesinpractice.IworkasanFNPattheStudentRecreationandWellnessCenteratUNLVandworkwithbothstudentsandfaculty.Workingwithstudentswhilehavingbeenastudentforquitesometimehelpedmeunderstandandrealizetheindividualneedsofeachstudent.Thisexperience,inadditiontomyexperienceinitemwritingandothercontributionstonursingtextbooks,hashelpedmecoauthorthistext.Iamveryexcitedtobeapartofthisopportunitytofurtherassistnursingstudentsintheirjourneytowardbecomingprofessionalnurses!IhopeyoufindthisresourceusefulasyoumoveforwardinyourjourneyinbecominganRN.

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ContributorsCONSULTANTSDianneE.FiorentinoResearchCoordinator,NursingReviews,Inc.Henderson,NevadaJamesGuibaultJr.BS,PharmDClinicalPharmacist,Wilbraham,Massachusetts,PharmacologyConsultant,NursingReviews,Inc.Henderson,NevadaCONTRIBUTORSKristenHickey,RN,BSNGraduate,SalveReginaUniversityNewport,RhodeIslandLisaNicholas,MSN,RNClinicalInstructor/Lecturer,SchoolofNursingUniversityofNevada,LasVegasKatherineM.Silvestri,BSN,RNEditorialandReviewerConsultant,NursingReviews,Inc.Henderson,Nevada

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Preface“Successisclimbingamountain,facingthechallengeofobstacles,andreachingthetopofthemountain.”LindaAnneSilvestri,PhD,RN,FAAN“Successisneveranaccident.Tobesuccessfulistohavebeenperseverate,tohavesacrificed,andtohavelovedwhatyouarecultivatingtobecomesuccessful.”AngelaElizabethSilvestri,PhD,APRN,FNP-BC,CNEWelcometoSaundersPyramidtoSuccess!AnEssentialResourceforTestSuccessSaundersQ&AReviewfortheNCLEX-RN®Examinationisoneinaseriesofproductsdesignedtoassistyouinachievingyourgoalofbecomingaregisterednurse.ThistextandEvolvesitepackageprovideyouwithmorethan6000practiceNCLEX-RNtestquestionsbasedonthecurrentNCLEX-RNtestplan.ThecurrenttestplanfortheNCLEX-RNidentifiesaframeworkbasedonClientNeeds.TheClientNeedscategoriesincludePhysiologicalIntegrity,SafeandEffectiveCareEnvironment,HealthPromotionandMaintenance,andPsychosocialIntegrity.IntegratedProcessesarealsoidentifiedasacomponentofthetestplan.TheseincludeCaring,CommunicationandDocumentation,CultureandSpirituality,NursingProcess,andTeachingandLearning.Thisbookhasbeenuniquelydesignedandincludeschaptersthatdescribeeach

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specificcomponentoftheNCLEX-RNtestplanframeworkandsixpracticeteststhatcontainNCLEX-stylequestionsspecifictoeachcomponent.NCLEX-RN®TestPreparationThisbookbeginswithinformationregardingNCLEX-RNpreparation.Chapter1istitledClinicalJudgmentandtheNCLEX-RN®Examination.Itaddressesinformationaboutclinicaljudgmentandtherelatedcognitiveprocesses/skillsasdefinedbytheNationalCouncilofStateBoardsofNursing(NCSBN)andalloftheinformationrelatedtotheNCLEX-RNtestplanandtheexaminationtestingprocedures.Thischapteranswersallofthequestionsthatyoumayhaveregardingthisinformation.Chapter2,ProfilestoSuccess,discussestheNCLEX-RNfromanonacademicviewpointandemphasizesaholisticapproachforyourindividualtestpreparation.Thischapteridentifiesthecomponentsofastructuredstudyplan,anxiety-reducingtechniques,andpersonalfocusissues.NursingstudentsalsowanttohearwhatotherstudentshavetosayabouttheirexperienceswiththeNCLEX-RNandwhatitisreallyliketotakethisexamination.Chapter3,TheNCLEX-RN®Examination:FromaGraduate’sPerspective,isastoryofsuccesswrittenbyanursinggraduatewhorecentlytooktheNCLEX-RNandaddressestheissueofwhattheexaminationisallabout.Chapter4,ClinicalJudgmentandTest-TakingStrategies,includesinformationaboutusingclinicaljudgmentandthesixcognitiveprocesses/skillstoanswerquestionsandallofthestrategiesthatwillassistinteachingyouhowtoreadaquestion,hownottoreadintoaquestion,andhowtousetheprocessofeliminationandvariousotherstrategiestoselectthecorrectresponsefromtheoptionspresented.ClientNeedsChapters5through9addresstheNCLEX-RNtestplancomponent,ClientNeeds.Chapter5,ClientNeedsandtheNCLEX-RN®TestPlandescribeseachcategoryofClientNeedsasidentifiedbythetestplan

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andlistsanysubcategories,thepercentageoftestquestionsforeachcategory,andsomeofthecontentincludedontheNCLEX-RN.Chapters6through9containpracticetestquestionsrelatedspecificallytoeachcategoryofClientNeeds.Chapter6comprisesquestionsrelatedtoPhysiologicalIntegrity;Chapter7containsquestionsdealingwithSafeandEffectiveCareEnvironment;Chapter8ismadeupofquestionsconcernedwithHealthPromotionandMaintenance;andChapter9containsPsychosocialIntegrityquestions.IntegratedProcessesChapters10and11addresstheIntegratedProcessesasidentifiedintheNCLEX-RNtestplan.Chapter10,IntegratedProcessesandtheNCLEX-RN®TestPlan,describeseachIntegratedProcess.Chapter11containspracticetestquestionsrelatedspecificallytoeachIntegratedProcess,includingCaring,CommunicationandDocumentation,CultureandSpirituality,NursingProcess,andTeachingandLearning.ComprehensiveTestAcomprehensivetest,Chapter12,isincludedattheendofthisbook.Itconsistsof265practicequestionsrepresentativeofthecomponentsofthetestplanframeworkfortheNCLEX-RN.SpecialFeaturesoftheBookBookDesignThebookisdesignedwithauniquetwo-columnformat.Theleftcolumnpresentsthepracticequestions,answeroptions,andcodingareaswhiletherightcolumnprovidesthecorrespondinganswers,rationales,prioritynursingtips,test-takingstrategies,andreferences.Thetwo-columnformatmakestherevieweasierbecauseyoudonothavetoflipthroughpagesinsearchofanswersandrationales.Abookmarkaccompaniesthisbookandyoucanuseittohidetherightcolumnwiththeanswersectionasyouarepracticingquestions.

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SpecialFeaturesFoundonEvolvePretestandStudyCalendarTheaccompanyingEvolvesitecontainsa75-questionpretestthatprovidesyouwithfeedbackonyourstrengthsandweaknesses.TheresultsofyourpretestwillgenerateanindividualizedstudycalendartoguideyouinyourpreparationfortheNCLEXexamination.Heart,Lung,andBowelSoundQuestionsTheaccompanyingEvolvesitecontainsAudioQuestionsrepresentativeofcontentaddressedinthecurrenttestplanfortheNCLEX-RNexam.ThesequestionsareinNCLEX-styleformat,andeachquestionpresentsanaudiosoundasacomponentofthequestion.AudioReviewSummariesThecompanionEvolvesiteincludesthreeAudioReviewSummariesthatcoverchallengingsubjectareasunderthecurrentNCLEX-RNtestplan,includingPharmacology,Acid-BaseBalance,andFluidsandElectrolytes.NextGenerationNCLEX®(NGN)CaseStudiesandNGNeoieresiene|TheaccompanyingEvolvesitecontainssingle-episodecasestudiesandunfoldingcasestudies.ThesecasestudiesareaccompaniedbyNGNtestquestionsrepresentativeoftheNGNtestingformat.ThesingleepisodecasestudiesareaccompaniedbyoneNGNtestquestionthatmeasuresoneofthecognitiveprocesses/skillsoftheNCSBNClinicalJudgmentMeasurementModel(NCJMM).TheunfoldingcasestudiesareaccompaniedbysixNGNtestquestionsandthequestionsmeasureallsixcognitiveprocesses/skillsoftheNCJMM.Thesecognitiveprocesses/skillsincludeRecognizeCue,AnalyzeCues,PrioritizeHypotheses,GenerateSolutions,TakeAction,andEvaluateOutcomes.

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PracticeQuestionsMultipleChoiceandAlternateItemFormatQuestionsWhilepreparingfortheNCLEX-RN,studentshaveastrongneedtoreviewpracticetestquestions.Thisbookcontainspracticequestionsthatareinthemultiple-choiceformatorinalternateitemtestquestionformatsusedintheNCLEX-RNexamination.TheaccompanyingEvolvesitecontainsmorethan6000questions:allthequestionsfromthebook,plusnewquestions,includingalltypesofalternateitemformats.ThealternateitemformatquestionsinthebookandontheaccompanyingEvolvesitemaybepresentedasoneofthefollowing:®Fill-in-the-blankquestion®Multipleresponsequestion®Prioritizing(orderedresponse)question,alsoknownasadrag-and-dropquestion®Figure/illustrationquestion,alsoknownasahotspotquestion®Graphicoptionsquestion,inwhicheachoptioncontainsafigureorillustration®Chart/exhibitquestion®Audioquestionthatincludesaheart,lung,orbowelsound*NGN®CaseStudiesandNGNtestquestionsThesequestionsprovideyouwithpracticeinprioritizing,decision-makingandcriticalthinking,andstrengtheningyourclinicaljudgmentskills.Inaddition,eachpracticequestionprovidesareviewbuttonthatlinksyoutocommonlaboratoryvaluesforyourreferencewhilestudyingontheEvolvesite.AnswerSectionsforPracticeQuestionsEachpracticequestionisaccompaniedbythecorrectanswer,rationale,prioritynursingtip,test-takingstrategy,questioncategories,andreferencesource.Thestructureoftheanswersectionisuniqueandprovidesthefollowinginformationforeveryquestion:

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®Rationale:Therationaleprovidesyousignificantinformationregardingbothcorrectandincorrectoptions.®PriorityNursingTip:TheprioritynursingtipprovidesyouwithanimportantpieceofinformationthatwillbehelpfultoyouwhenansweringpracticequestionsandquestionsontheNCLEX.®Test-TakingStrategy:Thetest-takingstrategyprovidesalogicalpathforselectingthecorrectoptionandhelpsyouselectananswertoaquestiononwhichyoumighthavetoguess.Ineachpracticequestion,thespecificstrategythatwillassistinansweringthequestioncorrectlyishighlightedinboldbluetype.Thehighlightingofthespecifictest-takingstrategiesinthepracticequestionswillprovideyouwithguidanceonwhattopicstoreviewforfurtherremediationinSaundersStrategiesforTestSuccess:PassingNursingSchoolandtheNCLEX®Exam,SaundersComprehensiveReviewfortheNCLEX-RN®Exam,andtheSaunders/HESIOnlineReviewfortheNCLEX-RN®Exam.®QuestionCategories:EachquestioninthebookandontheaccompanyingEvolvesiteisidentifiedbasedonthecategoriesusedbytheNCLEX-RNtestplan.BothContentAreaandHealthProblemcategoriesarealsoprovidedwitheachquestiontoassistyouinidentifyingareasinneedofreview.Inaddition,PriorityConceptscodesareincluded,whichprovidesyouwiththespecificconceptrelatedtonursingpractice.ThecategoriesidentifiedwitheachquestionincludeLevelofCognitiveAbility,ClientNeeds,ClinicalJudgment/CognitiveSkill,IntegratedProcess,ContentArea,HealthProblem,andPriorityConcepts.Allcategoriesareidentifiedbytheirfullnamessothatyoudonotneedtomemorizecodesorabbreviations.®Reference:Thereferencesourceandpagenumberarelistedforyousothatyoucaneasilyfindtheinformationyouneedtoreviewinyourundergraduatenursingtextbooks.HowtoUsethisBookSaundersQ&AReviewfortheNCLEX-RN®Examinationisspeciallydesignedtohelpyouwithyoursuccessfuljourneytothepeakofthe

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PyramidtoSuccess:becomingaregisterednurse.Asyoubeginyourjourneythroughthisbook,youwillbeintroducedtoalloftheimportantpointsregardingtheNCLEX-RNexamination,theprocessoftesting,andtheuniqueandspecialtipsregardinghowtoprepareyourselfbothacademicallyandnonacademicallyforthisimportantexamination.ReadthechapterfromthenursinggraduatewhorecentlypassedtheNCLEX-RNandconsiderwhatthegraduatehadtosayabouttheexamination.Thetest-takingstrategychapterwillprovideyouwithimportantstrategiesthatwillguideyouinselectingthecorrectoptionorassistyouinguessingtheanswer.Readthischapterandpracticethesestrategiesasyouproceedthroughyourjourneywiththisbook.Onceyouhavereadtheintroductorycomponentsofthisbook,itistimetobeginthepracticequestions.Asyoureadthrougheachquestionandselectananswer,besuretoreadtherationale,theprioritynursingtip,andthetest-takingstrategy.Therationaleprovidesyouwithsignificantinformationregardingboththecorrectandincorrectoptions.TheprioritynursingtipprovidesyouwithapieceofimportantinformationtorememberthatwillhelpanswerquestionsontheNCLEX,andthetest-takingstrategyprovidesyouwiththelogicforselectingthecorrectoption.Usethereferencesourceprovidedsothatyoucaneasilyfindtheinformationyouneedtoreview.ClimbingthePyramidtoSuccessThissteponthePyramidtoSuccessistogetadditionalpracticewithaQ&Areviewproduct.SaundersQ&AReviewfortheNCLEX-RN®Examinationoffersmorethan6000uniquepracticequestionsinthebookandonthecompanionEvolvesite.ThequestionsarefocusedontheClientNeedsandIntegratedProcessesoftheNCLEXtestplan,makingiteasytoaccessyourstudyareaofchoice.Foron-the-goQ&Areview,youcanpickupSaundersQ&AReviewCardsfortheNCLEX-RN®Examination.

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AsyouworkyourwaythroughSaundersQ&AReviewfortheNCLEX-RN®Examinationandidentifyyourareasofstrengthandweakness,youcanreturntothecompanionbook,SaundersComprehensiveReviewfortheNCLEX-RN®Examination,tofocusyourstudyontheseareas.ThepurposeoftheSaundersComprehensiveReviewfortheNCLEX-RN®ExaminationistoprovideacomprehensivereviewofthenursingcontentyouwillbetestedonduringtheNCLEX-RNexamination.However,SaundersComprehensiveReviewfortheNCLEX-RN®ExaminationisintendedtodomorethansimplyprepareyoufortherigorsoftheNCLEX;thisbookisalsomeanttoserveasavaluablestudytoolthatyoucanrefertothroughoutyournursingprogram,withcustomizableEvolvesiteselectionstohelpidentifyandreinforcekeycontentandhealthproblemareas.YourfinalsteponthePyramidtoSuccessistomastertheonlinereview.HESI/SaundersOnlineReviewfortheNCLEX-RN®Examinationprovidesaninteractiveandindividualizedplatformtogetyoureadyforyourfinallicensureexam.Thisonlinecourseprovides10high-levelcontent

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modules,supplementedwithinstructionalvideos,animations,audio,illustrations,casestudies,andseveralsubjectmatterexams.EndofmodulepracticetestsareprovidedalongwithseveralCrossingtheFinishLine:PracticeTestsandtwoTestYourselfQuizzes.Inaddition,youcanassessyourprogresswithapre-testandcomprehensiveexaminacomputerizedenvironmentthatpreparesyoufortheactualNCLEX-RNexam.AtthebaseofthePyramidtoSuccessareourtest-takingstrategies,whichprovideafoundationforunderstandingandunpackingthecomplexitiesofNCLEXexamquestions,includingalternateitemformats.SaundersStrategiesforTestSuccess:PassingNursingSchoolandtheNCLEX®Examtakesadetailedlookatallthetest-takingstrategiesyouwillneedtoknowinordertopassanynursingexamination,includingtheNCLEX.Specialtipsareintegratedfornursingstudents,andthereare1200practicequestionsincludedsoyoucanapplythetestingstrategies.ToobtainanyoftheseresourcesthatwillprepareyouforyournursingexamsandtheNCLEX-RNexam,visittheElsevierHealthSciencesWebsiteatelsevierhealth.com.YoucanalsovisittheAppleAppStoreandGooglePlaytolocatetheAppforboththisresourceandtheSaundersComprehensiveReviewfortheNCLEX-RN®Examination.GoodLuckwithyourjourneythroughtheSaundersPyramidtoSuccess.WewishyoucontinuedsuccessthroughoutyournewcareerasaRegisteredNurse!LindaAnneSilvestri,PhD,RN,FAANAngelaElizabethSilvestri,PhD,APRN,FNP-BC,CNE

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ToAllFutureRegisteredNurses,Congratulationstoyou!Youshouldbeveryproudandpleasedwithyourselfonyouraccomplishmentsinnursing,aswellasyourwell-deservedsuccessincompletingyournursingprogramtobecomearegisterednurse.Weknowyouhaveworkedveryhardtobesuccessfulandthatyouhaveproventoyourselfthatindeedyoucanachieveyourgoals.Inouropinion,youareabouttoenterthemostwonderfulandrewardingprofessionthatexists.Yourwillingness,desire,andabilitytoassistthosewhoneednursingcarewillbringgreatsatisfactiontoyourlife.Intheprofessionofnursing,learningisalifelongprocess,whichmakestheprofessionstimulatinganddynamicandensuresthatyourlearningwillcontinuetoexpandandgrowastheprofessioncontinuestoevolve.Yournextveryimportantendeavorwillbethelearningprocessneededtoachievesuccessinyourexaminationtobecomearegisterednurse.WeareexcitedandpleasedtobeabletoprovideyouwiththeSaundersPyramidtoSuccessproducts,whichwillhelpyouprepareforyournextimportantprofessionalgoal:becomingaregisterednurse.WewanttothankallofourformernursingstudentswhomwehaveassistedintheirstudiesfortheNCLEX-RNexamfortheirwillingnesstoofferideasregardingtheirneedsinpreparingforlicensure.StudentideashavecertainlyaddedaspecialuniquenesstoalloftheproductsavailableintheSaundersPyramidtoSuccess.SaundersPyramidtoSuccessproductsprovideyouwitheverythingthatyouneedtoreadyyourselffortheNCLEX-RNexam.TheseproductsincludematerialthatisrequiredfortheNCLEX-RNexamforallnursingstudentsregardlessofeducationalbackground,specificstrengths,areasinneedof

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improvement,orclinicalexperienceduringthenursingprogram.Solet'sgetstartedandbeginourjourneythroughtheSaundersPyramidtoSuccess,andwelcometothewonderfulprofessionofnursing!Sincerely,LindaAnneSilvestri,PhD,RN,FAANAngelaSilvestri,PhD,APRN,ENP-BC,CNE

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AcknowledgmentsAFewWordsFromLindaTherearemanyindividualswhointheirownwayshavecontributedtomysuccessinmakingmyprofessionaldreamsbecomeareality.Mysincereappreciationandwarmestthanksareextendedtoallofthem.First,Iwanttoacknowledgemyparents,whoopenedmydoorofopportunityineducationandencouragedandsupportedmethroughmyprofessiontoworkhardtoreachmygoals.Ithankmymother,FrancesMary,forallofherlove,support,andassistanceasIcontinuouslyworkedtoachievemyprofessionalgoals.Ithankmyfather,ArnoldLawrence,whoalwaysprovidedinsightfulwordsofencouragement.Imissyoubothsodearly,andmymemoriesofyourloveandsupportwillalwaysremaininmyheart.Ialsothankmybestfriendandloveofmylife,myhusbandLarry,foralwaysbeingthereformeforwhateverIneeded;mysister,DianneElodiaandherhusbandLawrence,andmybrother,LawrencePeter,andmysister-in-law,MaryElizabeth,foralltheirloveandsupport.AndIthankmyniecesandnephews:Gina,Karen,Angela,Katie,Gabrielle,Brianna,Nicholas,Anthony,andNathan,whowerecontinuouslysupportive,giving,andhelpfulduringmyresearchandpreparationofthispublication.TheywerealwaysthereandbymysidewheneverIneededthem.IwanttothankmynursingstudentsattheCommunityCollegeofRhodeIslandwhoapproachedmein1991andpersuadedmetoassisttheminpreparingtotaketheNCLEX-RNexamination.Theirenthusiasmandinspirationledtothecommencementofmy

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professionalendeavorsinconductingreviewcoursesfortheNCLEX-RNexamfornursingstudents.Ialsothankthenumerousnursingstudentswhohaveattendedmyreviewcoursesfortheirwillingnesstosharetheirneedsandideas.Theirinputhascertainlyaddedaspecialuniquenesstothispublication.IwishtoacknowledgeallofthenursingfacultywhotaughtinmyreviewcoursesfortheNCLEX-RNexam.Theircommitment,dedication,andexpertisehavecertainlyassistednursingstudentsinachievingsuccesswiththeNCLEX-RNexam.Additionally,Iwanttoespeciallyacknowledgemyhusband,LaurentW.Valliere,forhiscontributiontothispublication,forteachinginmyreviewcoursesfortheNCLEX-RNexam,andforhiscommitmentanddedicationinassistingmynursingstudentstopreparefortheexamfromanonacademicpointofview.Ialsowanttoextendaveryspecialthankyoutomyniece,Angela,forjoiningmeinpreparingandauthoringtheseNCLEXresources.Angelaissowonderfultoworkwith.HerideasandherexpertisehascertainlyaddedtothecontentofthispublicationandallofourNCLEXpublications.Sheisverydedicatedtopromotingandensuringstudentsuccess.Thankyou,Angela!Andfinally,IagainwanttothankmyhusbandLarryforallofhiscontinuoussupportasImovedthroughmypersonalchallengesandprofessionalendeavors;hehasbeenmyrockofsupport!AFewWordsFromAngelaTherearemanypeoplethatcontributedtomysuccessinmyworkonthisproduct.Iamverygratefulfortheircontinuedsupportinallofmyendeavors.Firstandforemost,Iwouldliketothankmyhusband,Brent,forhislight-heartedandpositiveattitude.Healwaysknowshowtomakemelaugh,especiallywhenI'mstressed.Allofthiswouldnotbepossiblewithouthim!Iwouldalsoliketothankmyparents,MaryandLarry,fortheircontinuedsupportthroughouttheyears.Theirwordsofencouragementandwisdomhavebeentremendouslyimportanttomysuccess.Ialsodon’tknowwhatIwoulddowithouttheirsupport

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Saunders QandA Review for the NCLEX-RN Examination (2021) - Page 28 preview image

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incaringformykids!Iwouldliketothankmysister,Katie,whoisawonderfulnurseherself.HerambitionsasanursingstudentareinspiringandremindmeeverydayaboutwhyI'msopassionateaboutbeinganeducator.ThankyoutomybrotherNick,whoalwaysispositiveandencouragingaboutmywork.Hiswitandsarcasmisalwaysagreatwaytoliftyourmoodattheendoftheday.IwanttoextendaspecialthankyoutoLindaforhercollaboration,guidance,andexpertise.Withouther,IwouldnotbewhereIamtoday.Thankyou,Linda!AFewWordsFromBothLindaandAngelaFirstandforemost,wewanttothankourAssociateEditor,LindaTurchin,forallofherdedicatedandhardworkineditingandpreparingtheentiremanuscriptforthisedition.WealsowanttothankLisaNicholasforhermanycontributions.Theirexpertiseandcloseattentiontodetailshascertainlyaddedtothequalityofthisresource.LindaandLisa,thankyousomuch!WealsowanttoacknowledgeandthankLaurentW.Valliereforwritingachapteraddressingthoseimportantnonacademictestpreparationissues.AveryspecialthankyougoestoKatherineSilvestri,BSN,RN,forherworkinreviewing,editing,andcodingpracticequestions.Inaddition,wealsosincerelythankKristenHickey,RN,BSN,forwritingachapterforthisbookaboutherexperienceswithpreparingforandtakingtheNCLEX-RNexaminationandforherassistancewithcodingthepracticequestions.Aspecialthankyouandacknowledgmentalsogoestoallofthecontributorsanditemwriterswhoupdatedandprovidedmanyofthepracticequestionsandallofthepreviouscontributorswhoprovidedcontributionstothisbook.Averyspecialthankyoutoallofyou!WeespeciallythankDianneE.Fiorentinoforhercontinuoussupportanddedicationtoourworkandinherreferencesupportandothersecretarialresponsibilitiesfortheeightheditionofthisbook.WethankJimmyGuibaultforreviewingthemedicationquestionsand

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providingmedicationresearchsupport.And,weboththankDr.EileenGrayandAllisonBowserfortheirtremendousassistancewheneverweaskfortheirhelp.WesincerelyacknowledgeandthanksomeveryimportantandspecialpeoplefromElsevier.WethankJamieBlum,ourformerSeniorContentStrategist,ourDirectorofContentStrategyTamaraMyers,andLaurieGower,DirectorofContentDevelopment,fortheircontinuoussupport,enthusiasm,andexpertprofessionalguidancethroughoutthepreparationofthisedition.AveryspecialthankyougoestoCindyThoms,SeniorProjectManager,forherexpertworkandforanticipatingourneedsaswepreparedthispublication.WeworkedsocloselywithCindythroughoutthepreparationandpublicationandcouldnothavedoneitwithoutherexperthelpandhersupportandpatiencewithus.Thankyou,Cindy!AndaveryspecialthankyougoestoLauraGoodrich,SeniorContentDevelopmentSpecialist,whoprovideduswithconsistentandatremendousamountofsupportthroughoutthispublication.Laurageneratedcreativeideasforthebookandwasoutstandinginstrategizingandmaintainingorderforalloftheworkthatwesubmittedformanuscriptproductionandalloftheworksubmittedbycontributors.Thankyou,Laura—youarethebest!Wecouldnothavecompletedthispublicationwithoutyou!WewanttoacknowledgeallofthestaffatElsevierfortheirtremendoushelpthroughoutthepreparationandproductionofthispublication.Aspecialthankstoallofthem.WethankJulieEddy,PublishingServicesManager;CindyThoms,SeniorProjectManager;andMaggieReid,DesignDirection.Youhaveallplayedsuchsignificantrolesinfinalizingthispublication.Lastly,averyspecialthankyoutoallournursingstudents:past,present,andfuture.Allofyoulightupourlife!Yourloveanddedicationtotheprofessionofnursingandyourcommitmenttoprovidehealthcarewillbringnever-endingrewards!

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ContentsUnit|NCLEX-RN®PREPARATIONChapter1ClinicalJudgmentandtheNCLEX-RN®ExaminationChapter2ProfilestoSuccessChapter3TheNCLEX-RN®Examination:AGraduate’sPerspectiveChapter4ClinicalJudgmentandTest-TakingStrategiesUnitIlCLIENTNEEDSChapter5ClientNeedsandtheNCLEX-RN®TestPlanChapter6PhysiologicalIntegrityPracticeQuestionsChapter7SafeandEffectiveCareEnvironmentPracticeQuestionsChapter8HealthPromotionandMaintenancePracticeQuestionsChapter9PsychosocialIntegrityPracticeQuestionsUnitlllINTEGRATEDPROCESSESChapter10IntegratedProcessesandtheNCLEX-RN®TestPlanChapter11IntegratedProcessesPracticeQuestionsUnitIVCOMPREHENSIVETESTChapter12ComprehensiveTestReferences

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NCLEX-RN®PreparationChapter1ClinicalJudgmentandtheNCLEX-RN®ExaminationChapter2ProfilestoSuccessChapter3TheNCLEX-RN®Examination:AGraduate’sPerspectiveChapter4ClinicalJudgmentandTest-TakingStrategies
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