2024 NUR155 Psychology Practice Exam With Answers (280 Solved Questions)

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NUR 155 Exam 1 2024 Full and Revised Study Guide WithSatisfied SolutionsPsychological - The internal variable dimension that includes mind-body interactions likeemotional responses to stress that affect body function. Self- Concept is another one.Cognitive - The internal variable that includes lifestyle, which refers to general way of livingfor a person like their living conditions and patterns of behavior, which can be positive ornegative.Spiritual and religious beliefs like that Jehovah Witnesses oppose blood transfusions.External variables - Variables Influencing Health Status, Beliefs, and Practices:The type of variable that includes physical environment, standards of living, family andCultural Beliefs, and social support networks.Physical environment - External Variables/health Status, Beliefs, and Practices:Radiation, chemicals used to control weeds and plant diseases, the greenhouse effect, x-ray,acid rain, ect...Standards of living - External Variables/health Status, Beliefs, and Practices:Occupation, income, and education, hygiene, food habits, and ability to seek healthcareadvice.Family and cultural beliefs - External Variables/health Status, Beliefs, and Practices:Family passes on patterns of daily living and lifestyle to offspring. Once abused as a childman might grow up and abuse his own children.Social support networks - External Variables/health Status, Beliefs, and Practices:

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Having support from family, friends, or confidant along with job satisfaction helps peopleavoid illness.Acute Illness - Characterized by severe symptoms of relatively short duration.Symptoms appear abruptly and subside quicklyMay or may not require health care intervention- ex. appendicitis requires surgicalintervention, but colds subside without medical intervention or with help of over the countermeds.Chronic Illness - Lasts for extended periods of time 6 months or longer and often forpersons entire life.Has slow onsetPeriods of "remission" and "exacerbation"Ex: heart and lung disease, diabetes mellitus.Effects of illness - Privacy, Autonomy, Financial Burden, Changes in lifestyles.Impact on the client - Effects of Illness: Who is impacted based on the information below?Behavioral and emotional changesSelf concept and body image changesLifestyle changesImpact on the Family - Effects of Illness: Who is impacted based on the information below?Depends On: Member of the family who is illSeriousness and length of the illnessCultural and social customs the family followsUsing silence - Therapeutic Communication Techniques:

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Accepting pauses or sliences that may extend for several seconds or minutes withoutinterjecting any verbal responseProviding general leads - Therapeutic Communication Techniques:Using statements or questions that...* encourage the client to verbalize* choose a topic of conversation* and facilitate continued verbalizationBeing specific and tentative - Therapeutic Communication Techniques:Making statements that are specific rather than general, and tentative rather than absoluteusing open-ended questions - Therapeutic Communication Techniques:Asking broad questions that lead or invite the client to explore (elaborate, clarify, describe,compare or illustrate) thoughts or feelings; invite answers that are longer than one or twowordsusing touch - Therapeutic Communication Techniques:Providing appropriate forms of touch to reinforce caring feelings; be sensitive todifferences in attitudes and practices of clients and selfrestating or paraphrasing - Therapeutic Communication Techniques:Actively listening for the client's basic message then repeating those thoughts and/orfeelings in similar wordsseeing clarification - Therapeutic Communication Techniques:A method of making the client's broad overall meaning of the message more understandable;to clarify the message or confess confusionperception checking or seeking consensual validation - Therapeutic CommunicationTechniques:A method similar to clarifying that verifies the meaning of specific words rather than theoverall meaning of a message

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offering self - Therapeutic Communication Techniques:Suggesting one's presence, interest, or wish to understand the client without making anydemands or attaching conditionsgiving information - Therapeutic Communication Techniques:Providing in simple terms and direct manner, specific, factual information the client may ormay not requestacknowledging - Therapeutic Communication Techniques:Giving recognition, in a nonjudgmental way, of a change in behavior, an effort the client hasmade, or a contribution to a communicationclarifying time or sequence - Therapeutic Communication Techniques:Helping the client clarify an event, situation, or happening in relationship to timepresenting reality - Therapeutic Communication Techniques:Helping the client to differentiate the real from the unrealfocusing - Therapeutic Communication Techniques:Helping the client expand on and develop a topic of importancereflecting - Therapeutic Communication Techniques:Directing ideas, feelings, questions, or content back to clients to enable them to exploretheir own ideas and feelings about a situationsummarizing and planning - Therapeutic Communication Techniques:Stating the main points of a discussion to clarify the relevant points discussedstereotyping - Barriers to Communication:Offering generalized and oversimplified beliefs about groups of people that are based onexperiences too limited to be validagreeing and disagreeing - Barriers to Communication:Implies that the client is either right or wrong and that the nurse is in a position to judge this

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being defensive - Barriers to Communication:Attempting to protect a person or health care services from negative commentschallenging - Barriers to Communication:Giving a response that makes clients prove their statement or point of viewprobing - Barriers to Communication:Asking for more information chiefly out of curiosity rather than with the intent to assist theclienttesting - Barriers to Communication:Asking questions that make the client admit to somethingrejecting - Barriers to Communication:Refusing to discuss certain topics with the clientchanging topics and subjects - Barriers to Communication:Directing the communication into areas of self interest rather than considering the client'sconcerns is often a self-protective response to a topic that causes anxietyunwarranted reassurance - Barriers to Communication:Using cliches or comforting statements of advice as a means to reassure the clientpassing judgment - Barriers to Communication:Giving opinions and approving or disapproving responses, moralizing, or implying one's ownvaluesgiving common advice - Barriers to Communication:Telling the client what to doSBAR - S - situationB - backgroundA - assessment

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R - recommendationCommunication - -Any means of exchanging information or feelings-Consists of verbal and nonverbal messagesPace and intonation - Verbal Communication:The manner of speech, as in the rate or rhythm and tone.Simplicity - Verbal Communication:The use of commonly understood wordsClarity and brevity - Verbal Communication:A message that is direct and simple, saying precisely what is meant, and using the fewestwords necessaryTiming & relevance - Verbal Communication:Needs to be appropriate to ensure that words are heard and needs to relate to the personor the person's interest or concernsAdaptability - Verbal Communication:What is said and how it is said needs to be individualized and carefully consideredCredibility - Verbal Communication:Worthiness of belief, trustworthiness, and reliabilityHumor - Verbal Communication:Can be a positive and powerful tool but must be used with careBody Language - Another name for nonverbal communication; includes gestures, bodymovements, use of touch, and physical appearance (including adornment).Personal appearance - Factors of nonverbal communication:Clothing and adornments can be sources of information about a person.

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Posture and gait - Factors of nonverbal communicationThe way people walk and carry themselves is often a reliable indicator of self-concept,current mood, and health.Facial expression - Factors of nonverbal communication:How the face expresses emotion.Gestures - Factors of nonverbal communication:Hand and body movements may emphasize and clarify the spoken word, may also occurwithout words.Therapeutic communication - Communication that promotes understanding and can helpestablish a constructive relationship between the nurse and the clientattentive listening - Therapeutic communication:Listening actively with all the senses as apposed to listening with just the ear; requiresenergy and concentration5 actions of physical attending - Therapeutic communication:1. face the person squarely2. adopt an open posture3. lean toward the person4. maintain good eye contact5. try to be relatively relaxedSituationBackgroundAssessmentRecommendation - Often used in a Telephone Report.SBAR stands for?120/80 - What is a normal Blood pressure (BP) reading in a healthy adult?60-100 - What is a normal Pulse range for a healthy adult?

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12-20 - What is a normal range in a healthy adult for respiration?96.8-98.6 - What is a normal range in a healthy adult for temperature?Oralrectalaxillaryearforehead - What are the 5 locations that temperature can be measured in an adult?Axillary (Armpit) & Tympanic (Ear) - What are 2 preferred methods/locations for taking aninfant's temperature?Tympanic (Ear), Temporal (Forehead/temporal artery), Oral (mouth), & Rectal. - What are 4preferred methods/locations for taking a Child's (>3 years) temperature?Rectal - What is the least desirable methods/locations for taking an infant's temperature?ApicalBrachialRadialFemoralPoplitealPosterior TibialDorsal Pedis - Visualizing the body in the anatomical position, starting at the head and endingat the feet, list all 9 of the pulse locations. (Arms start after the "chest" pulse and feet startposterior)TemporalCarotid - What are the pulse sites on the head and neck?Apical - What is the pulse site on the torso?

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BrachialRadial - What are the pulse sites on the arm?FemoralPoplitealPosterior TibialDorsal Pedis - What are the pulse sites of the leg?Femoral - Pulse sites:Used in cases of cardiac arrest/shockUsed to determine circulation of the legPopliteal - Pulse sites:Used to determine circulation of the lower legPosterior Tibial - Pulse sites:Used to determine circulation of the foot (Back)Dorsal Pedis - Pulse sites:Used to determine circulation of the foot (Top of foot)Brachial - Pulse sites:Used to measure BPUsed during cardiac arrest for infantsRadial - Pulse sites:Readily accessibleApical - Pulse sites:Routinely used for infants and children up to 3 years of ageUsed to determine discrepancies with radial pulseTemporal - Pulse sites:Used when radial pulse is not accessible

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Carotid - Pulse sites:Used during cardiac arrest / shock in adultsUsed to determine circulation in the brainDecreases(In contrast when blood volume increases (for example, as a result of a rapid IV infusion),the BP increases.) - When blood volume decreases (For example, as a result of dehydration),what happens to blood pressure?Upper arm (using the brachial artery) - In what location is the BP usually assessed?Thigh (femoral Artery) - If the BP cannot be assessed in either arm, what is the next locationis indicated to use?Tachypnea - Breathing Patterns: RateQuick, Shallow breathsBradypnea - Breathing Patterns: RateAbnormally slow breathsApnea - Breathing Patterns: RateCessation of breathingHyperventilation - Breathing Patterns: VolumeOverexpansion of the lungs characterized by rapid deep breaths.Hypoventilation - Breathing Patterns: VolumeUnderexpansion of the lungs, characterized by shallow respiration.Cheyne-stokes-breathing - Breathing Patterns: RythmRhythmic waxing and waning of respirations, from very deep to very shallow breathing andtemporary apnea.

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