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2024 NUR7350 Psychopharmacology Across the Lifespan with Answers (36 Solved Questions)

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    N URSING 73 50 Psychopharmacology Across the Lifespan Q & A w/ Rationales 2024

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    1. A nurse is caring for an elderly patient who has been recently diagnosed with depression. Which of the following psychotropic medications would the nurse anticipate being prescribed due to its efficacy and reduced risk of adverse effects in older adults? a) Fluoxetine (Prozac) b) Venlafaxine (Effexor) c) Paroxetine (Paxil) d) Sertra line (Zoloft) Answer: d) Sertraline (Zoloft) Rationale: Sertraline is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) commonly prescribed for depression. It is often preferred in older adults due to its reduced side effect profile and lower drug - drug inte raction potential compared to other SSRIs. 2. A 30 - year - old female patient with bipolar disorder presents with manic symptoms. Considering this patient's gender and reproductive stage, which mood stabilizer would be most appropriate to avoid negative effe cts on fertility and pregnancy? a) Lithium b) Carbamazepine (Tegretol) c) Valproate (Depakote) d) Lamotrigine (Lamictal) Answer: d) Lamotrigine (Lamictal) Rationale: Lamotrigine has demonstrated a lower risk of reproductive adverse effects and is consider ed a safe option

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    during pregnancy. It is often the preferred choice for women of reproductive age who need mood stabilization. 3. An adolescent female is experiencing her first episode of psychosis. Which atypical antipsychotic would be the most suitable option for reducing the risk of weight gain and metabolic disturbances? a) Olanzapine (Zyprexa) b) Risperidone (Risperdal) c) Quetiapine (Seroquel) d) Aripiprazole (Abilify) Answer: d) Aripiprazole (Abilify) Rationale: Aripiprazole has a lower risk of causing weight gain and metabolic disturbances compared to other atypical antipsychotics. This makes it a preferable choice for individuals who may already be at risk for metabolic disorders. 4. A 70 - year - old patient is taking warfarin for atrial fibrilla tion and requires treatment for generalized anxiety disorder. Which anxiolytic would be the best choice in this case to minimize drug - drug interactions? a) Alprazolam (Xanax) b) Buspirone (Buspar) c) Clonazepam (Klonopin) d) Diazepam (Valium) Answer: b) Buspirone (Buspar) Rationale: Buspirone is a non - benzodiazepine anxiolytic

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    that does not interact significantly with warfarin. It is therefore safer to use in patients on warfarin therapy to avoid potential bleeding risks. 5. A middle - aged patient with sc hizophrenia has a history of poor adherence to oral antipsychotic medications. Which long - acting injectable antipsychotic would the nurse anticipate being prescribed to improve compliance? a) Haloperidol (Haldol) b) Quetiapine (Seroquel) c) Aripiprazole (A bilify Maintena) d) Clozapine (Clozaril) Answer: c) Aripiprazole (Abilify Maintena) Rationale: Abilify Maintena is a long - acting injectable form of aripiprazole. It is used to enhance treatment adherence and reduce the risk of relapse in individuals with schizophrenia who struggle with oral medication adherence. 6. A child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has not responded adequately to stimulant medications. Which non - stimulant medication would be an appropriate next option to conside r? a) Methylphenidate (Ritalin) b) Atomoxetine (Strattera) c) Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse) d) Guanfacine (Intuniv) Answer: b) Atomoxetine (Strattera)

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    Rationale: Atomoxetine is a non - stimulant medication approved for the treatment of ADHD. It works by inhibiting norepinephrine reuptake and is often considered when stimulant medications have not resulted in satisfactory symptom control. 7. A pregnant patient with a history of panic disorder is experiencing severe panic attacks and requires immediate int ervention. Which medication would be the best option in this scenario to provide rapid relief without posing substantial risks to the fetus? a) Alprazolam (Xanax) b) Clonazepam (Klonopin) c) Lorazepam (Ativan) d) Buspirone (Buspar) Answer: c) Lorazepam (A tivan) Rationale: While no medication is entirely risk - free during pregnancy, lorazepam is most commonly used due to its rapid onset of action and shorter half - life compared to other benzodiazepines. It can be used for acute symptom relief in panic disorde r during pregnancy, especially if non - pharmacological interventions are insufficient. 8. A patient prescribed monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) should adhere to dietary restrictions due to the risk of which potentially life - threatening reaction? a) Ser otonin syndrome b) Neuroleptic malignant syndrome c) Hypertensive crisis

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    d) Extrapyramidal symptoms Answer: c) Hypertensive crisis Rationale: MAOIs inhibit the breakdown of tyramine and can cause hypertensive crisis if ingested in foods high in tyramine, such as aged cheese, cured meats, fermented products, and certain alcoholic beverages. 9. A client prescribed lithium for the management of bipolar disorder should be educated on the importance of maintaining a consistent intake of which dietary element t o avoid toxicity? a) Calcium b) Sodium c) Iron d) Potassium Answer: b) Sodium Rationale: Lithium excretion is influenced by sodium levels in the body. Low sodium intake or dehydration can decrease lithium excretion, leading to increased levels and potential toxicity. Clients should be advised to maintain a consistent sodium intake while on lithium therapy. 10. A nurse is caring for a patient prescribed tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). Which common adverse effect, often seen early in therapy, would require immediate assessment and intervention due to potential cardiac complications? a) Dry mouth

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