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Fundamentals of Nursing Care Concepts, Connections

Covers nursing history, scope of practice, education paths, professionalism, key theorists, Dr. Jean Watson’s caring theory, and QSEN patient-centered care focus.

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    OjWH for Fundamentals of Nursing Care Chapter 1 Concepts, Connections & Skills History of Nursing ■ Ancient history • 1000 AD— Nursing provided by the family, and priests • Salerno, Italy— Allowed women to study midwifery ■ Christianity • Convents trained people to care for the sick • Deaconesses were the first public health nurses ■ Eighteenth and nineteenth centuries • "Sairey Gamps": Poor and the low class that cared for the sick

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    History of Nursing: Rise of Modern Nursing ■ 1836: First school of nursing • Kaiserworth deaconesses • Founder: Pastor Theodore Fliedner ■ Florence Nightingale ■ 1897 • Nurses Associated Alumnae of the United States, Baltimore, Maryland: Oversaw nurses to protect patients from incompetent nurses ■ Early twentieth century • States begin to require licensure of nurses • Requirements for entering nursing school were established • The American Journal of Nursing was published • 1892: First training program for practical nurses Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA) - Established to meet the need for educated bedside nurses ~ The program was 3 months long - Focused on homemaking skills and caring for the sick

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    Women Who Molded Nursing History ■ Clara Barton: First President of the Red Cross Association ■ Dorothea Dix: Activist for better mental health care ■ Florence Nightingale: First nursing theorist started the Nightingale School of Nursing ■ Mary Mahoney: First African American nurse in the United States ■ Linda Richards: First "trained nurse" in the US. Founder of modern nurse's notes ■ Isabel Hampton Robb: Activist for nursing reform in the late 1800s. Established 12-hour shifts with meal breaks for nurses. Worked for licensure examinations and nursing registration ■ Mary Adelaide Nutting, Lillian Wald, Annie Goodrich: Made great strides in nursing education and community health nursing

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    Options for Entering Nursing ■ Licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN) the LVN term is used in California and Texas only • Education: Ranges from 9 months to 2 years . Licensure: NCLEX-PN™ ■ Associate degree nurse (ADN) • Education: Degreed nurse with minimum of 2 years education at a college . Licensure: NCLEX-RN™ ■ Diploma program nurse • Education: Educated in a hospital-based nursing education program . Licensure: NCLEX-RN™ ■ Baccalaureate degree nurse (BSN) • Education: A 4-year college degree from a university • Licensure: NCLEX-RN™

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    Nurse Practice Act and Scope of Practice ■ All nurses are responsible for knowing their own scope of practice ■ Every state has a nurse practice act, or a law governing nurses' actions • The nurse practice act in each state establishes the scope of practice for each level of nursing based on educational preparation ■ The Board of Nursing in each state determines and enforces the contents of the nurse practice act ■ Safety: It is your responsibility to know the content of the nurse practice act in your state regarding your scope of practice and to follow it faithfully

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