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Maternal New Born Practice Exam Question with Answers (47 Solved Questions)

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    Practice questions 1. A nurse is admitting a child who has acute lym- phocytic leukemia. Which of the following laborato- ry values should the nurse expect? A. Platelets 500,000 mm^3 B. RBCs 2.5 million/uL C. WBCs 4,000/mm^3 D. Hct 60% Correct answer B An RBC count of 2.5 million/uL is below the ex- pected reference range. A child who has acute lymphocytic leukemia has a low RBC count. 2. A nurse is planning care for a toddler who has acute gastroenteritis and was re- cently admitted. Which of the following should the nurse plan to provide for the child? A. Oral rehydration solu- tion B. Bananas or applesauce C. Chicken or beef broth D. Hypertonic IV solution Correct answer A The nurse should plan to provide an oral re- hydration solution (ORS) to this child who has acute gastroenteritis. ORS promotes the body's reabsorption of water and sodium and is more effective and less traumatic than the administra- tion of IV fluids for the treatment of dehydration due to diarrhea and emesis. 3. A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has glomerulonephritis. The child has decreased urinary output and a blood pressure of 160/78 mmHg and is receiving hydralazine. Which of the following lunch choices should the nurse recom- mend? A. 1 hot dog, 22 potato chips, and 120 mL (4 oz) of orange juice B. 1 sandwich with lettuce, Correct answer C A child who has glomerulonephritis has mod- erate sodium restriction, and further restriction is given to foods that are high in potassium for children who have decreased urinary output. These restrictions are because the kidneys of these children are not functioning appropriately. This menu option consists of 571 g of potassium and 268 g of sodium. 1 / 21

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    Practice questions tomato, and 4 slices of ba- con; a small apple; and 240 mL (8 oz) of milk C. 3 oz grilled chicken, 1 cup of pear slices, and 120 mL (4 oz) of apple juice D. 1 cup of cottage cheese, a small banana, and 240 mL (8 oz) of soda 4. A nurse is providing teach- ing to a parent of a preschooler who has tinea capitis. Which of the fol- lowing instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Apply aluminum ac- etate solution compresses to the lesions B. Apply hydrocortisone cream to the lesions twice daily C. Seal nonwashable toys in a plastic bag for 2 weeks D. Leave the medicated shampoo on the scalp for 5 to 10 minutes Correct answer D The nurse should instruct the parent to use a shampoo made of 2% ketoconazole or 1% se- lenium sulfide for the treatment of tinea capitis. For the shampoo to be effective, the parent should leave it on the child's scalp for 5 to 10 minutes prior to rinsing. 5. A nurse is preparing to obtain an antistreptolysin O (ASO) titer from a child who has acute glomeru- lonephritis. The child's par- ent asks the nurse to ex- plain the purpose of the test. Which of the follow- ing responses should the nurse provide? Correct answer D An ASO titer indicates the child had a recent strep infection. When determining a definitive di- agnosis for acute glomerulonephritis, this must be documented because the condition is usually the result of this type of infection. 2 / 21

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    Practice questions A. "The test determines the level of antibiotics in your child's blood." B. "The test tells us if your child ever had measles." C. "The test verifies the amount of albumin in your child's blood." D. "The test shows us if your child had a recent strep infection." 6. A nurse is caring for a school-aged child who has acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Which of the following manifesta- tions should the nurse ex- pect? A. Hypotension B. Elevated serum lipid lev- els C. Decreased serum potas- sium levels D. Hematuria Correct answer D Hematuria can be detected visually in clients who have acute post-streptococcal glomeru- lonephritis. 7. A nurse is caring for a 4-week-old infant who is 2 weeks postoperative fol- lowing surgical correction of biliary atresia. Which of the following findings is an indication that the surgery was successful? A. The infant has lost 2.2 kg (1 lb) since the surgery. B. The infant has a to- tal bilirubin level of 0.3 mg/dL. Correct answer B A bilirubin level of 0.3 mg/dL is within the expect- ed reference range and indicates the surgery was successful. 3 / 21

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    Practice questions C. The infant has an as- partate aminotransferase (AST) level of 120 units/L. D. The infant's stools are gray in color. 8. You are educating nurs- ing student regarding flu- id requirements for pe- diatric patients who pre- sent with comorbidities. Increased need for flu- id requirements would be consistent with treatment management for which conditions? SATA A. Diabetic ketoacidosis B. Congestive heart failure C. Burns D. Syndrome of inappropri- ate diuretic hormone E. Diabetes insipidus A, C, E Increased fluid requirements would occur in re- sponse to DKA, DI and burns. 9. A child is exhibiting signs of clinical dehydration. Which lab value would support a diagnosis of hy- pertonic dehydration? A. Plasma osmolality of 275 mOsm/L B. Serum sodium level of 135 mEq/dL C. Calculation of loss of body fluid weight at 25 ml/kg D. Serum sodium level of 150 mEq/dL D Hypertonic dehydration would result in an in- crease in serum sodium levels in proportion to fluid loss. Normal range is 135-145 mEq/dL. 10. A 4 / 21

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    Practice questions A nurse is assessing a child who is postopera- tive and received a unit of PRBC's during a sur- gical procedure. Which of the following findings in- dicate the child is experi- encing a hemolytic trans- fusion reaction? A. Chills and flank pain B. Pruritis and flushing C. Rales and cyanosis D. Bradycardia and diar- rhea 11. A nurse is teaching the parents of a toddler who had an anaphylac- tic reaction to peanut butter about administer- ing injectable epinephrine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. Common site for injec- tion of epinephrine are the fatty tissue found in upper arm and in lower abdomen B. Administer epinephrine prior to giving your child peanut products in the fu- ture. C. No further treatment is needed after injecting the epinephrine D. You will need to increase the dosage as your child gains weight D Epinephrine is a weight based medication that is available in dosage of 0.15mg and 0.3mg. As the child grows, it will be necessary to change the epinephrine dosage that is administered. 5 / 21

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    Practice questions 12. A nurse is teaching the parents of a 3-year-old child who has persistent otitis media about preven- tion. Which of the follow- ing statements by the par- ents indicates an under- standing of the teaching? A. "My child should not play around others who have ear infections." B. "We should not smoke around our child." C. "My child should not swim this summer." D. "I will encourage my child to blow his nose forcefully when he has a cold." Correct answer B Preventing exposure to tobacco smoke at home can prevent further episodes of ear infections because tobacco smoke can cause inflamma- tion of the respiratory tract. 13. A nurse is providing teach- ing to the parent of a toddler who has bacteri- al conjunctivitis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. Clean secretions from the infected eye by wiping from the outer canthus to- ward the inner canthus and upward B. Keep the infected eye covered with warm com- presses for the first 24 to 48 hr C. Notify the provider im- mediately if the sclera be- comes inflamed D. Apply pressure to the Correct answer C Although the conjunctiva becomes inflamed during this infection, the sclera should remain clear and white. If the sclera becomes inflamed, it can indicate the presence of a serious con- junctival infection, and the child should be as- sessed immediately by an ophthalmologist. 6 / 21

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