Skip to content
Past Exams

WGU Health, Fitness, and Wellness

WGU C458 Health, Fitness & Wellness 2023-2024 Assessment Guide. Covers skeletal, muscular, nervous, and respiratory systems with key terms and functions.

Preview 5 of 16 pages

See the first 5 pages exactly as they appear in the document.

  1. Page 1
    Read page 1 as text

    WGU - H E A L T H , F I T N E S S , AND WELLNESS - 0458 ASSESSMENT 2023-2024 Q U E S T I O N S WITH ANSWERS WGU - HEALTH, FITNESS AND WELLNESS C 4 5 S ASSESSMENT 2 0 2 3 - 2 0 2 4 1. Structures of the Skeletal System: ■ Joint-two bones that come together at a joint, which vary in type, allows for movement • Cartilage- a tough but flexible tissue that covers the ends of bones ■ Ligament- connective tissue that binds one bone to another. ■ Tendons- connective tissues that attaches to the bone. Aides in movement of bone or structure. 2. striated muscle • (skeletal muscle)-moves all bones, controls facial ex- pressions, and eye movements. 3. smooth muscle • (visceral muscle) lines the walls of the internal organs, such as the intestines. 4. cardiac muscle • (unique) is a combination of striated and smooth muscle. 5. central nervous system (brain and spinal cord)- messages travel through the spinal cord to the brain, and the brain in response directs all functions for the body 6. peripheral ner- vous system consists of all nerves outside the brain and spinal cord. They relay messages between the C NS and other areas of the body, including sensory organs. 7. Respiratory sys- tem key struc- tures and organs • consists of lungs, passageways for air flow, blood ves- sels, and muscles. ■ They work together to bring oxygen into the body and expel carbon dioxide, that is produced during metabolism. ■ Lungs-primary organ- which exchange gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) during breathing. 8. upper respirato- ry tract nose, pharynx (throat), and larynx (voice box) 9. lower respiratory tract • trachea, (windpipe), bronchial tree, and lungs 1/16 10. Respiration

  2. Page 2
    Read page 2 as text

    events that deliver oxygen into the body followed by the transfer of carbon dioxide out of the body. This occurs in tiny air sacks called alveoli. 11. Respiratory Process oxygen is delivered from the air through the respiratory passages into the air sacks in the lungs. Oxygen move int the blood in the capillaries. Carbon dioxide moves from blood to air sacks through respiratory passages and is expelled through mouth or nose. 12. cardiovascular system consists of heart and blood vessels; The heart is a pump that has four chambers: two upper chambers and two lower chambers; Two categories of blood vessels- arteries and veins; Arteries- carry blood away from the heart to the body tissues; Veins-carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart; ARTERY BLOOD VESSELS- muscles on left of heart pump take blood out of the heart through the AORTA (largest artery) 13. circulation provides supply of nutrients and oxygen to the body's cells through the flow of blood. 14. digestive sys- tems function Four functions-ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elim- ination 15. digestive system Mouth-food broken down by teeth and saliva organs Esophagus- tube 9-10 inches long connected to stomach Stomach-helps digest food, by mixing it with digestive juices and churning it into a thin liquid Small intestine- absorbs nutrients into the bloodstream Large Intestine-Undigested food and fluids that exit small intestine, creates stool Anus- stool is eliminated after it passes from large intes- tine into the rectum Accessory organs-salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas 16. urinary system function Balance's fluids in body by stimulating thirst and produc- ing, storing, and eliminating urine. 2 i 16

  3. Page 3
    Read page 3 as text

    17. urinary system organs 1) Kidney- filters waste products (urea, uric, acid) from bloodstream and removes the products in form of urine so that they don't become wasteful to body. It also reabsorbs fluids and other substances back to the bloodstream, so body doesn't lose too much water and essential salts. 2) Ureter-connected to kidneys, urine flows out of kidney through ureter 3) Bladder-holding reservoir for urine 4) Urethra- when urine start to flow it travels through it and expelled from body. Female (1-2 in) Male (8 in.) 18. immune system (lymphatic system) is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend and protect the body against foreign invaders that can cause sickness and disease. 19. white blood cells it's job is to find and destroy bacteria, viruses, parasites, (leukocytes) fungi, and substances that appear foreign and harmful. 20. integumentary system functions 1) Protects from environment-deeper tissue from loss of water, salts, heat, and prevents bacteria from entering body 2) Encloses-cover and protects fibers that send mes- sages of pain, temperature, pressure, and touch to brain 3) Lubrication-Two types of glands that produce sebum and sweat. Sebum-oily. 21. endocrine sys- tem Sends chemical messages (signals) called hormones 22. reproductive system produce, nourish, and transport either egg or sperm. 23. top ten deadliest Coronary artery diseases, stroke, lower respiratory infec- diseases tions like the flu, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, respiratory cancers, diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer disease and other dementias, diarrheal diseases that result in dehydration, tuberculosis,, and cirrhosis. 24.24. 4 r is

  4. Page 4
    Read page 4 as text

    four main types of germs Bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites Transmitted by: Direct contact, Indirect contact, bites, and contamination. 25. Common cold symptoms watery eyes, nasal and chest congestion, sneezing, sore or scratchy throat 26. Flu symptoms fatigue, muscle stiffness, coughs, sore throat, and nasal congestion, headaches, high fever 27. Mononucleo- sis(mono) symptoms fatigue, swollen lymph nodes in neck and armpits, swollen tonsils, sore throat, soft swollen spleen fever, headache, skin rash 28. Meningitis symp- Common virial. Can cause stroke, hearing loss, and brain toms damage. Bacterial- rare, but deadly because it can harm other organs in the body. Enters through mouth. 29. MRSA resistant to most antibodies, fever, red bumps or rash on {methicillin-resis- skin or infected area that might be swollen, painful, warm tant to touch, full of pus or other drainage Staphylococcus aureus) symptoms 30. cold sores (fever small hard spot, on cheek or lip, fluid blisters, tingling and blisters) itching, oozing, crusting. 31. Lice itching near scalp, neck and ears, small lice on scalp, lice eggs (nits on hair shafts). 32. chicken pox (varicella) itchy rash that turns into fluid-filled blisters and eventually scabs, headache, tiredness, loss of appetite. 33. Measels (Rubeo- blotchy red rash starting at head and moving to body, tiny la) white spots in mouth, fever, cough, runny nose, pink eye, feeling achy. 34. STIs/STDs Sore or bumps on genitals, mouth or anus, painful or burning urination, discharge from penis, unusual or odd 5 i 16

  5. Page 5
    Read page 5 as text

    smelling vaginal discharge, pain during sex, sore swollen lymph nodes, lower abdominal pain, fever, rash 35. Hepatitis inflammation of the liver 36. Cancer caused by an overgrowth of abnormal cells. Risk factors include diet, obesity, exposure to sunlight and chemicals, and tobacco use or exposure 37. Epilepsy affects the brain and nervous system, causing violent muscle spasms and possible loss of consciousness. It is caused by anything that affects the brain circuit activity, such as head trauma 38. hypertension (HTN) affects the blood vessels and is a risk factor for other chronic conditions. Chances of having this condition in- crease if an individual is overweight, does not exercise regularly, and eats foods high in salt. 39. type 2 diabetes diagnosed when the blood glucose levels are too high 40. coronary artery disease the first sign of this disease is a heart attack. There are controllable risk factors, such as smoking and diet, and uncontrollable risk factors, such as age, gender, and family history. 41. Asthma respiratory condition makes it difficult to breathe 42. stroke occurs when there is a loss of blood flow to part of the brain, causing loss of movement and muscle functioning to one side of the body 43. exercise a form of physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive, and performed with the goal of improving health or fitness 44. components of fitness Five Components- cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, body composi- 6 i' 16

11 more pages in the full document

Unlock it once and it stays in your library, ready to chat with or turn into flashcards.

Unlock the full document

More Nursing study materials

See all

Study this document with CramX

Once it is in your library, every tool can work from it.