QQuestionPhysics
QuestionPhysics
What evidence from the cathode ray tube experiment supports the claim that electrons have a negative charge?
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
A. The cathode ray cast a shadow on the tube.
B. The cathode ray bent away from a negatively charged plate.
C. The cathode ray bent toward a positively charged plate.
D. The cathode ray produced heat that caused a wheel to turn.
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Answer
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Step 1:I'll solve this step by step, explaining the key evidence from the cathode ray tube experiment that supports electrons having a negative charge.
Step 2:: Understanding the Cathode Ray Tube Experiment
The cathode ray tube experiment, conducted by J. J. Thomson in the late 19th century, was crucial in discovering the electron. In this experiment, a sealed glass tube was evacuated of air, and electrodes were placed at opposite ends.
Step 3:: Analyzing the Ray's Behavior
When a high voltage was applied between the electrodes, a beam (cathode ray) was observed traveling from the negative electrode (cathode) to the positive electrode (anode).
Step 4:: Charge Interaction Evidence
When electric and magnetic fields were applied to the cathode ray, the ray's behavior provided critical insights into its charge: - When a negatively charged plate was placed near the ray, the ray bent AWAY from the negative plate - When a positively charged plate was placed near the ray, the ray bent TOWARD the positive plate
Step 5:: Charge Determination
This deflection pattern conclusively demonstrated that the cathode ray consisted of negatively charged particles (later identified as electrons).
Step 6:: Evaluating the Options
A. The shadow is irrelevant to charge determination ❌ B. Bending away from a negative plate indicates negative charge ✅ C. Bending toward a positive plate confirms negative charge ✅ D. Heat production is unrelated to charge determination ❌
Final Answer
B and C are the correct options that provide evidence of the electron's negative charge in the cathode ray tube experiment.
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