Test Bank for California Government and Politics Today, 15th Edition

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CALIFORNIA GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS TODAY, 15THED.Mona FieldGlendale CommunityCollegeCHAPTER 1. CALIFORNIA POLITICS IN PERSPECTIVEChapter SummaryChapter 1 gives a current overview of California’s unique yet complex role as a state withinthe United States. California is unique in its diverse population, political party registration, andpowerhouse economy, all of which havea tremendous impact nationally and internationally.Inexplaining the state’s status as number one in population relative to the other forty-nine states,the chapter explores California’s political standingin the nation.In addition, it explains the role of the federal government in relation to the states andintroduces the termsfederalismandunitary powers. Concepts such asballot initiative,globalization,liberal, and conservative are introduced.Discussion Questions1.Discuss the relationshipbetweenthe federal and state governments. Which tasks areallocated to the states? What impact does federalism have on California?2.Discuss population growth in California, including the history and the range of attitudesabout population growth. Include in your discussion the “Debating the Issues” box onpage6. Express your personal views and substantiate them with evidence.3.Explain how population, economic events, and federal policies have impactedCalifornians.4.Discuss the ways in which the federal government’s actions have impacted California’seconomy through the decades.5.In looking at the "Compared to California" box on page 3, why is there a difference inthe minimum wage among thestates? Why is there a difference in the cost of livingamongthe states?

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Test BankMultiple Choice1.California is number one in the nation ina.b.c.d.social equity.electoral votes.members in the House ofRepresentatives.Both B and C are correct.Answer: D; Page Reference:2-3; Bloom’s Category: Understanding2.How does California rank in population size when compared to the rest of the UnitedStates?a.b.c.d.Tenth largest based on populationThird largest based on populationFirst based on populationLast based on populationAnswer: C; Page Reference:2 ; Bloom’s Category: Understanding3.The definition offederalismisa.b.c.total control of the states by the federal government.allows state laws to override federal laws.a political system in which power is distributed to the national and stategovernments thereby creating a system of dual authority.allows California to become its own nation, via "Calexit".d.Answer: C; Page Reference:4 ; Bloom’s Category: Understanding4.The term unitary refers toa.b.a distribution of powers within a state.local authority for cities, counties,and other local governmental units derived from thestate government.a concept thatis not allowed by theU.S.Constitution.Both A and B are correct.c.d.Answer: D; Page Reference:5; Bloom’s Category: Understanding, Application

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5.The state determines thegrounds fora.b.c.d.divorce.defense spending.immigration law.interstate commerce.Answer: A; Page Reference:5; Bloom’s Category: Understanding, ApplicationTrue or False1.Each Californian lives in several election jurisdictions, including a congressionaldistrict, a state Senate district, an assembly district, a county supervisorial district,plus a city and a school and/or community college district.Answer: True; Page Reference:6; Bloom’s Category: Understanding2.California has aRepublicanmajority in its state legislature.Answer: False; Page Reference:1; Bloom’s Category: Understanding3.California has the largest congressional delegation in the United States.Answer: True; Page Reference:2-3; Bloom’s Category: Understanding, Application4.California has often served as a model for new political ideas that then spread to otherstates.Answer: True; Page Reference:5; Bloom’s Category: Application5.The U.S. Constitution requires each state to honor the laws of other states.Answer: True; Page Reference:5; Bloom’s Category: Understanding, Application

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CHAPTER 2. THE CALIFORNIANS: LAND, PEOPLE, AND POLITICAL CULTUREChapter SummaryChapter 2 presents California’s size, location, and geographic diversity as well as gives anoverview of the state’s ethnic, political, and cultural diversity. Conflicts among agriculture,environmentalists, urban interests, and the oil industry are discussed,as well as the richnaturalresources of the state. California’s ethnic and cultural diversity is described,and the concepts ofassimilation versus diversity are debated.The state’s political culture is describedin terms of economic impacts of the currentrecession, and the termmonocultural electorateis introduced. The role of government accordingto both liberal and conservative viewpoints is explained.Discussion Questions1.Discuss the importance of California’s location and geography in the state’s history anddevelopment.2.Give an overview of ethnic diversity in California and explain the social, economic, andpolitical impacts diversity has on California.3.Discuss the cultural and political attitudes in California and share your views on theissues of today. Discuss the impact of the recent economic challenges California faces.4.Debate the issue of assimilation versus diversity, using the box on page 13 as areference. Based on your understanding of the entire chapter, what are the advantagesand disadvantages of assimilation and diversity?5.Compare the themes of conservatism and liberalism as they play out in Californiapolitics.

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Test BankMultiple Choice1.The geographic area of California is 156,000 square miles and is larger than somewholecountries. It isthelargest state in the UnitedStates.a.b.c.d.firstfifthsecondthirdAnswer: D; Page Reference:10; Bloom’s Category: Understanding2.The largest ethnic group inCalifornia includes first-generation immigrants and apopulation whose ancestors came from what country?a.b.c.d.SpainRussiaMexicoItalyAnswer: C; Page Reference 11; Bloom’s Category: Understanding, Application3.What is a natural resource inCalifornia that has become the subject of continual politicaldebate over its use?a.California’sagricultureb.California’stimberc.California’swaterd.California’slandscapeAnswer: D; Page Reference: 11; Bloom’s Category: Application, Understanding4.California is the most populous state with what percentage of the nation’s people?a.b.c.d.20 percent12 percent10 percent19 percentAnswer: B; Page Reference: 12; Bloom’s Category: Understanding5.California is more of a two-tier state than some other states. What does the author meanby this?a.That California should be divided into two states: northern California and southernCaliforniab.That there are too many people in California, and it should become its owncountryc.That there are large gaps between those who are rich and those who arepoord.That there are too many two-storyhousesAnswer: C; Page Reference: 15; Bloom’s Category:Analysis

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True or False1.California is the leading state on the Pacific Rim and is the nation’s number-one exporter.Answer: True; Page Reference: 11; Bloom’s Category: Understanding, Application2.California has more people who identifyas multiracial than any other state.Answer: True; Page Reference:12 ; Bloom’s Category: Application,Evaluation3.Assimilationtakes place in varying degrees of education, language, and customs.Answer: True; Page Reference: 13; Bloom’s Category: Application4.One of the biggest challenges in California for middle-to low-income residents is thehigh cost of housing.Answer: True; Page Reference:15; Bloom’s Category: Application, Evaluation5.Most people think of California as being a very conservative state.Answer: False; Page Reference:16-17; Bloom’s Category: Analysis

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CHAPTER 3. CALIFORNIA’S HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTChapter SummaryChapter 3 covers the history of California, including the precolonial period, the Spanish era, theMexican period, Americanization, and the economic ups and downs that have shaped the statesince statehood. The near complete destruction of California’s native peoples by the Spanish isdiscussed, and the subsequent economic and social destruction of theCaliforniosis mentioned.The historic role of the Asian immigrants and their mistreatment is described, and thelegacy of the Progressive Movement, the repatriation of Mexican American citizens, theinternment of the Japanese, and the role of the Berkeley-based Free Speech Movement allprovide historic context. California’s constitution is contrasted with the United StatesConstitution.Discussion Questions1.Explain California’s historical turning points. Select three events that helped shape thestate and describe them. Which ones led to statehood?2.Clarify the role of scapegoating throughout California history. Identify the ethnic orcultural communities that have been targeted and why.3.Compare and contrast the United States Constitution with the California StateConstitution. Explain how California guarantees a higher level of democracy andfreedom.4.Compare and discuss the amendment process for the U.S.Constitution and theCalifornia State Constitution. Should it be easy or difficult to amend either document?5.Explain the roots oftheProgressive Era in California and discuss its legacy.

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Test BankMultiple Choice1.The United States gained control of California bya.b.c.d.buying it from Spain.provoking a war with Mexico.trading New Mexico and Nevada for California.returning control of Texas back to Mexico.Answer: B; Page Reference: 20; Bloom’s Category: Understanding2.The goal of the Progressive Movement in California was toa.b.c.reform education.control the railroads and the stock market.reduce the power of corrupt political parties and rich corporations that spentlarge amounts of money to control politicians.reduce the number of immigrants.d.Answer: C; Page Reference:22; Bloom’s Category: Understanding, Application3.What was the most important legacy left by the Progressives?a.b.c.d.California’s missionsThe railroadDirect democracyGoldAnswer: C; Page Reference:23; Bloom’s Category: Understanding4.The process by which California’s legislature shares lawmaking authority with the peopleis calleda.b.c.d.social equality.electoral votes.initiative.manifest destiny.Answer: C; Page Reference:24; Bloom’s Category: Understanding5.Those who came to California in search of gold during the Gold Rush were known asa.b.c.d.Raiders.Forty-niners.the Big Four.Progressives.Answer: B; Page Reference: 20; Bloom’s Category:Understanding

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True or False1.Direct democracy enables voters to make laws directly, amend the state constitution,recall officials, or repeal laws.Answer: True; Page Reference: 23; Bloom’s Category: Application, Evaluation2.The election fornon-partisan offices forbids candidates from mentioning their partyaffiliation on the ballot.Answer: True; Page Reference: 22; Bloom’s Category: Understanding3.California’s constitution has been amended over 500 times.Answer: True; Page Reference: 24; Bloom’s Category: Understanding4.In the 1960s,the Master Plan for Education guaranteed a free community collegeeducation, and both the Cal State system and the UC system were low cost.Answer: True; Page Reference: 24; Bloom’s Category: Understanding5.Voters can amend the state constitution without any legislative action.Answer: True; Page Reference: 24; Bloom’s Category: Application

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CHAPTER 4. FREEDOM AND EQUALITY: CALIFORNIA’S DELICATE BALANCEChapter SummaryChapter 4 explores the delicate balance between individual freedom and social equality andexplains how diverse communities access political power. Concepts of civil rights and civilliberties are discussed, and examples are given of how the freedom of individuals is curtailed bysociety’s decisions to protect its members. Issues of racial and ethnic prejudice are exploredthroughout California’s history.This chapter refers to the economic needs of people, and the issues of housing, education,and employment areexplored as they impact various ethnic communities. The role of ethniccoalitions is compared with the emerging political strength of the gay, lesbian, bisexual, andtransgender community, and the declining role of women in elective office is referenced.Discussion Questions1.Clarify the relationship between individual freedom and social equality. Do they alwaysconflict?2.What are the challenges facing Californians in providing public education?3.Discuss the growing influence of the Latinoand Asian population and communities.4.Discuss the challenges women and minorities face living in California. You may includein your discussion the themes of education, economic, and political opportunities.5.Describe the concept of the demographic shift and explain how it affects yourcommunity.

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Test BankMultiple Choice2.In order to create a balance between maximum freedom of its citizens and socialresponsibility, California’s policiesa.allow all citizens the freedom to make their own decisions in allmatters.b.restrict all decision-making by the citizens and have created a law forvirtually everyactivity.c.can direct a law enforcement officer to invade your home and personal belongingsat anytime.d.place some limits on our freedom for the good of the largersociety.Answer: D; Page Reference:28; Bloom’s Category: Application, Analysis3.Coalitions of ethnic groups are formed in order toa.b.c.d.reduce gang activity.promotequalified political candidates.raise money to build new schools.create a new political party.Answer: B; Page Reference: 32; Bloom’s Category: Application4.Formerly black communities are often now numerically dominated by Latinos. How doesthis affect African American leaders?a.b.c.d.c..It has no effect on them.Somehave learned to speakSpanish.They can ignore their Latino constituents.They stop running for office.44School funding has been reduced as a result.They must move.Answer: B; Page Reference: 33; Bloom’sCategory: Understanding5.Governor Brown signed the California Dream Act in 2011. This allowsa.b.c.d.the return of affirmative action and a ban on Prop 209.interest-free loans on housing.undocumented residents to have a driver’s license.undocumented college students access to private scholarships.Answer: D; Page Reference: 30; Bloom’s Category: Understanding1 Achieving equality is a continuing challenge in California. This is primarily due toa.plagues anddiseases.b.large socioeconomicgaps.c.discrimination in employment andeducation.d.Both B and C are correct.Answer: D; Page Reference:30-31; Bloom’s Category: Application, Evaluation

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True or False1.Chinese immigrants, who were brought to California to help build the railroads, becamethe target of racism and were prohibited from holding many kinds of jobs.Answer: True; Page Reference:29; Bloom’s Category: Application, Understanding2.California was the first state to elect two women to the U.S. Senate.Answer: True; Page Reference: 34; Bloom’s Category: Understanding3.Seventy-five percent of the state legislative seats are held by women.Answer: False; Page Reference:34; Bloom’s Category: Understanding4.California’s state legislature has a GLBT (Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender)caucus.Answer: True; Page Reference: 35-36; Bloom’s Category: Understanding5.Ethnic and immigrant communities no longer have to fight for their share of political andeconomic power.Answer: False; Page Reference: 33-34; Bloom’s Category: Application, Evaluation

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