CramX Logo
RegisterLog in
Kaplan Medical USMLE Step 1 Lecture Notes (2021) - Document preview page 1

Kaplan Medical USMLE Step 1 Lecture Notes (2021) - Page 1

Document preview content for Kaplan Medical USMLE Step 1 Lecture Notes (2021)

Kaplan Medical USMLE Step 1 Lecture Notes (2021)

Kaplan Medical USMLE Step 1 Lecture Notes (2021) includes a mix of multiple-choice and scenario-based questions to help you prepare comprehensively.

Ryan Scott
Contributor
4.4
0
12 months ago
Preview (16 of 2635 Pages)
100%
Log in to unlock
Page 1 of 16
Kaplan Medical USMLE Step 1 Lecture Notes (2021) - Page 1 preview imageUSMLE®Step 1Lecture Notes2021USMLE®is a joint program of the Federation of State Medical Boards (FSMB) and the NationalBoard of Medical Examiners (NBME), which neither sponsor nor endorse this product.AnatomyBehavioral Scienceand Social SciencesBiochemistry andMedical GeneticsImmunology andMicrobiologyPathologyPharmacologyPhysiology
Page 2 of 16
Kaplan Medical USMLE Step 1 Lecture Notes (2021) - Page 2 preview image
Page 3 of 16
Kaplan Medical USMLE Step 1 Lecture Notes (2021) - Page 3 preview imageUSMLE® is a joint program of The Federation of State Medical Boards of the United States, Inc.and the National Board of Medical Examiners.USMLE®Step 1Lecture Notes2021
Page 4 of 16
Kaplan Medical USMLE Step 1 Lecture Notes (2021) - Page 4 preview imageCopyright © 2021 Kaplan, Inc.ISBN: 978-1-5062-5958-1All rights reserved. The text of this publication, or any part thereof, may not be reproduced in any manner whatsoever withoutwritten permission from the publisher. This book may not be duplicated or resold, pursuant to the terms of your KaplanEnrollment Agreement.USMLE® is a joint program of the Federation of State Medical Boards (FSMB) and the National Board of Medical Examiners(NBME), which neither sponsor nor endorse this product.
Page 5 of 16
Kaplan Medical USMLE Step 1 Lecture Notes (2021) - Page 5 preview imageUSMLETM*STEP1ANATOMYUSMLETM*STEP1BEHAVIORAL SCIENCEUSMLETM*STEP1BIOCHEMISTRY AND MEDICAL GENETICSUSMLETM*STEP1IMMUNOLOGY AND MICROBIOLOGYUSMLETM*STEP1PATHOLOGYUSMLETM*STEP1PHARMACOLOGYUSMLETM*STEP1PHYSIOLOGY
Page 6 of 16
Kaplan Medical USMLE Step 1 Lecture Notes (2021) - Page 6 preview imageUSMLE®is a joint program of the Federation of State Medical Boards (FSMB)and the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME), which neither sponsornor endorse this product.USMLE®Step 1Lecture Notes2021Anatomy
Page 7 of 16
Kaplan Medical USMLE Step 1 Lecture Notes (2021) - Page 7 preview imageUSMLE®Step 1Lecture Notes2021AnatomyKP00372_USMLE_Anatomy.indb18/22/201:36 PM
Page 8 of 16
Kaplan Medical USMLE Step 1 Lecture Notes (2021) - Page 8 preview imageUSMLE® is a joint program of the Federation of State Medical Boards (FSMB) and the National Boardof Medical Examiners (NBME), which neither sponsor nor endorse this product.This publication is designed to provide accurate information in regard to the subject matter coveredas of its publication date, with the understanding that knowledge and best practice constantly evolve.The publisher is not engaged in rendering medical, legal, accounting, or other professional service. Ifmedical or legal advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professionalshould be sought. This publication is not intended for use in clinical practice or the delivery of medi-cal care. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the Editors assume any liability forany injury and/or damage to persons or property arising out of or related to any use of the materialcontained in this book.© 2021 by Kaplan, Inc.Published by Kaplan Medical, a division of Kaplan, Inc.750 Third AvenueNew York, NY 1001710 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1All rights reserved. The text of this publication, or any part thereof, may not be reproduced in anymanner whatsoever without written permission from the publisher.Course ISBN: 978-1-5062-5950-5Course Kit ISBN: 978-1-5062-5957-4Retail ISBN: 978-1-5062-5935-2Retail Kit ISBN: 978-1-5062-5934-5Kit items come as a set and should not be broken out and sold separately.Kaplan Publishing print books are available at special quantity discounts to use for sales promotions,employee premiums, or educational purposes. For more information or to purchase books, please callthe Simon & Schuster special sales department at 866-506-1949.KP00372_USMLE_Anatomy.indb28/22/201:36 PM
Page 9 of 16
Kaplan Medical USMLE Step 1 Lecture Notes (2021) - Page 9 preview imageEditorsJames White, PhDAssistant Professor of Cell BiologySchool of Osteopathic MedicineRowan UniversityStratford, NJAdjunct Assistant Professor of Cell and Developmental BiologyUniversity of Pennsylvania School of MedicinePhiladelphia, PADavid Seiden, PhDProfessor of Neuroscience and Cell BiologyRutgers–Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolPiscataway, NJKP00372_USMLE_Anatomy.indb38/22/201:36 PM
Page 10 of 16
Kaplan Medical USMLE Step 1 Lecture Notes (2021) - Page 10 preview imageWe want to hear what you think. What do you like or not like about the Notes?Please email us atmedfeedback@kaplan.com.KP00372_USMLE_Anatomy.indb48/22/201:36 PM
Page 11 of 16
Kaplan Medical USMLE Step 1 Lecture Notes (2021) - Page 11 preview imagevTable of ContentsPart I: Early Embryology and Histology: EpitheliaChapter 1:Gonad Development3Chapter 2:First 8 Weeks of Development7Chapter 3:Histology: Epithelia13Part II: Gross AnatomyChapter 1:Back and Autonomic Nervous System21Chapter 2:Thorax35Chapter 3:Abdomen, Pelvis, and Perineum85Chapter 4:Upper Limb179Chapter 5:Lower Limb195Chapter 6:Head and Neck207Part III: NeuroscienceChapter 1:Nervous System Organization and Development225Chapter 2:Histology of the Nervous System235Chapter 3:Ventricular System245Chapter 4:The Spinal Cord251Chapter 5:The Brain Stem275Chapter 6:The Cerebellum309Chapter 7:Basal Ganglia317KP00372_USMLE_Anatomy.indb58/22/201:36 PM
Page 12 of 16
Kaplan Medical USMLE Step 1 Lecture Notes (2021) - Page 12 preview imageviChapter 8:Visual Pathways325Chapter 9:Diencephalon335Chapter 10:Cerebral Cortex341Chapter 11:Limbic System359Index365Additional resources available atkaptest.com/usmlebookresourcesKP00372_USMLE_Anatomy.indb68/22/201:36 PM
Page 13 of 16
Kaplan Medical USMLE Step 1 Lecture Notes (2021) - Page 13 preview imagePART IEarly Embryology andHistology: EpitheliaKP00372_USMLE_Anatomy.indb18/22/201:36 PM
Page 14 of 16
Kaplan Medical USMLE Step 1 Lecture Notes (2021) - Page 14 preview imageKP00372_USMLE_Anatomy.indb28/22/201:36 PM
Page 15 of 16
Kaplan Medical USMLE Step 1 Lecture Notes (2021) - Page 15 preview image3Learning Objectives❏Explain information related to indifferent gonad❏Interpret scenarios on testis and ovary❏Answer questions about meiosis❏Interpret scenarios on spermatogenesis❏Solve problems concerning oogenesisGONAD DEVELOPMENTAlthough sex is determined at fertilization, the gonads initially go throughanindifferent stageweeks 4–7 when there are no specific ovarian or tes-ticular characteristics. The indifferent gonads develop in a longitudinalelevation orridge ofintermediate mesodermcalled theurogenital ridge.The components of the indifferent gonads are as follows:•Primordial germ cellsprovide a critical inductive influence ongonad development, migrating in at week 4. They arise from thelining cells in the wall of the yolk sac.•Primary sex cordsare finger-like extensions of the surface epithe-lium which grow into the gonad that are populated by the migrat-ing primordial germ cells.•Mesonephric (Wolffian)and theparamesonephric (Mullerian)ducts of the indifferent gonad contribute to the male and femalegenital tracts, respectively.The indifferent gonads develop into either thetestis or ovary.Development of thetestisandmale reproductive systemis directed by thefollowing:•Sry geneon the short arm of theY chromosome, which encodesfortestis-determining factor(TDF)•Testosterone,which is secreted by theLeydig cells•Müllerian-inhibiting factor (MIF),which is secreted by theSertolicells•Dihydrotestosterone (DHT):external genitaliaDevelopment of theovaryandfemale reproductive systemrequires estro-gen. Ovarian development occurs in the absence of the Sry gene and in thepresence of the WNT4 gene.Gonad Development1KP00372_USMLE_Anatomy.indb38/22/201:36 PM
Page 16 of 16
Kaplan Medical USMLE Step 1 Lecture Notes (2021) - Page 16 preview image4Part IlEarly Embryology and Histology: EpitheliaAnatomyPharmacologyPhysiologyPathologyMicrobiologyImmunologyBiochemistryMedical GeneticsBehavioral Science/Social SciencesUrogenital ridgeYolk sacPrimordialgerm cellsMesonephric duct (Wolffian)Paramesonephric duct(Müllerian)Indifferent gonadTDFTestosteroneMIFNo factorsTestisand malegenital systemOvaryand femalegenital systemFigure I-1-1.Development of Testis and OvaryMIF: Müllerian-inhibiting factorTDF: testis-determining factorFigure I-1-1.Development of Testis and OvaryGAMETOGENESISMeiosisMeiosis, occurring within the testis and ovary, is a specialized process of celldivision that produces the male gamete(spermatogenesis)and female gamete(oogenesis).Therearenotabledifferencesbetweenspermatogenesisandoogenesis.Two cell divisions take place in meiosis. Inmeiosis I,the following events occur:•Synapsis:pairing of 46 homologous chromosomes•Crossing over:exchange of segments of DNA•Disjunction:separation of 46 homologous chromosome pairs(no centromere-splitting) into 2 daughter cells, each containing23 chromosome pairsInmeiosis II,synapsis does not occur, nor does crossing over. Disjunction doesoccur with centromere-splitting.MIF: Müllerian-inhibiting factorTDF: testis-determining factorKP00372_USMLE_Anatomy.indb48/22/201:36 PM
Preview Mode

This document has 2635 pages. Sign in to access the full document!

Study Now!

X-Copilot AI
Unlimited Access
Secure Payment
Instant Access
24/7 Support
Document Chat

Document Details

Subject
United States Medical Licensing Examination

Related Documents

View all
Certification Guides

USMLE Step 2 CK Lecture Notes 2020: Internal Medicine (2019)

4.8
00
Certification Guides

USMLE Step 2 CK Lecture Notes 2019: Pediatrics (2019)

4.4
00
Certification Guides

Master the Boards USMLE Step 2 CK, 6th Edition (2021)

4.1
00
Certification Guides

USMLE Step 2 CK Lecture Notes 2021: Pediatrics (2020)

4.2
00
Certification Guides

Master the Boards USMLE Step 3 Edition: 7 (2022)

4.7
00
Certification Guides

USMLE Step 2 CK Lecture Notes 2021: Internal Medicine, 1st Edition (2020)

4.1
00
Certification Guides

First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 2024: A Student-to-Student Guide (2024)

4.8
00
Certification Guides

Master the Boards USMLE Step 2 CK (2021)

4.5
00
Certification Guides

Master The Boards Usmle, Step 3 (2020)

4.4
00
Certification Guides

USMLE Step 1 Lecture Notes 2020: Behavioral Science and Social Sciences (2020)

4.3
00
Kaplan Medical USMLE Step 1 Lecture Notes (2021) - Certification Guides | United States Medical Licensing Examination