American Independence Facts
Covers major details from the French and Indian War (1756–1763), including its financial impact on Britain. America was founded by joint-stock companies. The 1763 Proclamation Line was enforced by 10,000 British soldiers. Britain's national debt rose from £75 million in 1756 to £133 million by 1763. Interest payments reached £4.4 million, with government revenue at £8 million. The cost of colonial administration also significantly increased between 1748 and 1763.
When was the French and Indian War/7 years War?
1756-1763
Key Terms
When was the French and Indian War/7 years War?
1756-1763
Who founded America
Joint-Stock companies
When was the proclamation line drawn and how many soldiers sent to protect it?
1763 - 10,000 British soldiers
British National debt in 1756 and 1763?
£75 mil to £133 mil
Interest and government revenue at end of 7 years War
Interest £4.4 mil Gov. revenue £8 mil
Cost of colonial administration 1748 and 1763
1748 - £70,000
1763 - £350,000
Related Flashcard Decks
Study Tips
- Press F to enter focus mode for distraction-free studying
- Review cards regularly to improve retention
- Try to recall the answer before flipping the card
- Share this deck with friends to study together
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
When was the French and Indian War/7 years War? | 1756-1763 |
Who founded America | Joint-Stock companies |
When was the proclamation line drawn and how many soldiers sent to protect it? | 1763 - 10,000 British soldiers |
British National debt in 1756 and 1763? | £75 mil to £133 mil |
Interest and government revenue at end of 7 years War | Interest £4.4 mil Gov. revenue £8 mil |
Cost of colonial administration 1748 and 1763 | 1748 - £70,000 1763 - £350,000 |
When was the Peace of Paris? | 1763 |
5 consequences of the 7 year war | Britain world’s greatest empire |
1763 difference in tax | England - 26 shillings per year America - 1 shilling |
Balance of trade in 1713 and 1760 | 1713 - £50,000 1760 - £2 million |
What year was the Hat Act | 1732 |
What year was the Molasses Act | 1733 |
When was paper money prohibited | 1765 |
When was the Stamp Act | 1765 |
When did the House of Commons question Ben Franklin? | 1766 |
When was the Declaratory Act | 1766 |
When did Pitt replace Rockingham as PM | July 1766 |
When were Townshend duties imposed and how much money would they have earned? | May 1767 - £40,000 |
When was the New York Restraining Act? | March 1767 |
When was the MA circular letter written? | Feb 1768 |
When did the Economic boycott against Brit begin? | 1768 |
When did Sons of Liberty gain control of Boston? | Summer 1768 |
When was John Wilkes imprisoned? | 1768 |
When did the first British troops arrive in Boston? How many? | September 1768 600 troops |
What was the date of the Boston Massacre? | February 22nd 1770 - 11 year old boy killed. 5,000 attend funeral |
When were the Townshend duties repealed? | 1770 except tea |
When was the committee of correspondence founded? | 1771 |
Population of colonies 1730 and 1760 | 1730 - 0.6 mill | 1760 - 1.6 mill |
Imports from Britain 1771 -1774 | £9 million |
When did Governors and judges start getting paid from the crown in MA? | 1772 |
When was the Tea Act introduced? | 1773 |
When was the Boston Tea Party? | 16th December 1773 | 60 Sons of Liberty men board the three ships and dump £10,00 worth of tea into the harbour |
When did Parliament pass the Coercive Acts? | 1774 |
What were the coercive acts? | Boston Port Act - Closed Boston to all trade until Tea paid for |
When was the Quebec Act passed and what did it do? | June 1774 |
When was the Battle of Lexington and Concord? | 19th April 1775 |
When do 20,000 New England militia besiege Boston? | 2 weeks after battle of Lexington and Concord |
When did the Second Continental Congreve meet? | 10th May 1775 in Philadelphia with 65 delegates from all colonies |
What was the quota imposed on all colonies for raising a Continental Army? | 20,000 men |
Who was appointed as commander of the Continental Army and why? | George Washington. From Virginia (southerner) in charge of mainly New England Army, cement colonial unity. Also a wealthy planter therefore discourages radicalism. Looks the part. |
When did Congress adopt a Declaration of the Causes and Necessities of Taking up Arms? | 6th July 1775 |
When was the Olive Branch petition adopted? | 8th July 1775 |
When did George III declare all colonies in a state of rebellion? | 23rd August 1775 |
When was the Battle of Bunker Hill? | 17th June 1775 |
How many British deaths in Battle of Bunker Hill? | 1000/2500 men. Eighth of total British officers killed in entire conflict die in this battle. |
When did Washington take command of the American army? | July 1775 | Had 15,000 poorly trained troops. Massive re-shuffle. Ranking. Flogging. |
When was greatest British inaction? | 1775-1776 |
When did Americans retreat from their invasion of Canada? | January 1776 |
When did Lord Dunmore issue a proclamation promising freedom to loyalist slaves who fled their masters to fight? | November 1775 |
When were British forces in the South defeated? | February 1776 |
When did Howe's British army evacuate Boston? | 17th March 1776 | Evacuate to Halifax, Nova Scotia, Britain's main naval base |
When was common sense first published, by who, and how many copies sold? | January 1776 |
When did Congress debate Virginia's proposal for independence for all colonies? | 8th June 1776 | Unanimity needed, support of middle colonies |
Who were the committee members tasked with writing the draft Declaration of Independence? | Jefferson, John Adams, Franklin, Sherman, Livingston |
What was the main theory of John Locke | Natural rights to life, Liberty and property. Right therefore to change government. |
On 1st of July which states in congress voted against of abstained the question of independence? | South Carolina and Pennsylvania voted against |
When was the Declaration of Independence passed through Congress and when was it adopted by Congress? | 2nd July 1776 - 12 out of 13 colonies support | 4th July 1776 - Congress Adopts Declaration of Independence |