Back to AI Flashcard MakerHistory /Barron's AP World - Chapter 17: Revolution and Nationalist Movements Part 1
Barron's AP World - Chapter 17: Revolution and Nationalist Movements Part 1
This deck covers key figures, concepts, and events from Chapter 17 of Barron's AP World, focusing on revolutions and nationalist movements. It includes important terms and historical figures that shaped the political landscape of Europe.
constitutional monarchy
a government in which the monarch’s power is limited by law; while many European monarchs ruled through absolute monarchy, England establish this form of government early on
Tap or swipe ↕ to flip
Swipe ←→Navigate
1/20
Key Terms
Term
Definition
constitutional monarchy
a government in which the monarch’s power is limited by law; while many European monarchs ruled through absolute monarchy, England establish this form...
Elizabeth 1
an English monarch who managed the Parliament with skill, though she received increasing challenge from the Puritans there; she died childless in 1603
James 1
originally James Stuart of Scotland, he was the cousin of Elizabeth 1, and inherited her throne when she died in 1603; unlike Elizabeth, James spent m...
King James Version (of the Bible)
a version of the Bible that was published under King James of England in 1611, and is still in use today
Charles 1
the English monarch starting in 1625; in 1628, he asked Parliament to grant him funds to fight war with France and Spain, but Parliament did not conse...
Petition of Right
a document that the English Parliament wanted Charles 1 to sign; he refused to sign it because it placed conditions on the monarch’s rule, preventing ...
Related Flashcard Decks
Study Tips
- Press F to enter focus mode for distraction-free studying
- Review cards regularly to improve retention
- Try to recall the answer before flipping the card
- Share this deck with friends to study together
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
constitutional monarchy | a government in which the monarch’s power is limited by law; while many European monarchs ruled through absolute monarchy, England establish this form of government early on |
Elizabeth 1 | an English monarch who managed the Parliament with skill, though she received increasing challenge from the Puritans there; she died childless in 1603 |
James 1 | originally James Stuart of Scotland, he was the cousin of Elizabeth 1, and inherited her throne when she died in 1603; unlike Elizabeth, James spent much of his reign battling Parliament, especially over money |
King James Version (of the Bible) | a version of the Bible that was published under King James of England in 1611, and is still in use today |
Charles 1 | the English monarch starting in 1625; in 1628, he asked Parliament to grant him funds to fight war with France and Spain, but Parliament did not consent until he signed the Petition of Right |
Petition of Right | a document that the English Parliament wanted Charles 1 to sign; he refused to sign it because it placed conditions on the monarch’s rule, preventing him from: imprisoning his subjects without due cause housing the military in private homes imposing martial law in times of peace imposing taxes without the consent of Parliament |
Oliver Cromwell | the Puritan leader of the English Civil War, he executed Charles 1 for treason in 1649; he originally established a republican form of government called the Commonwealth, but eventually governed as a military dictator until his death in 1658, when the monarchy was restored to Charles 2 |
Charles 2 | the older son of Charles the 1 who was asked to rule England in 1659, his reign was referred to as the Restoration (of the monarchy); he died childless |
Habeas Corpus Act | passed by the English Parliament under Charles the 2nd in 1679, it ensured that prisoners would not be held without reason |
Whigs and Tories | the debate over who should succeed Charles the 2nd, it divided England into these two groups, which were the predecessors of England’s political parties |
James 2 | succeeding Charles 2 on his death in 1685, he was a Catholic |
Glorious Revolution | a bloodless revolt in 1688 in which Protestants in Parliament invited William of Orange and his wife Mary (both were Protestant), daughter of James 2, to rule England |
William and Mary | the successors to King James 2 in 1688, they agreed to a Bill of Rights that was proposed by Parliament in 1689 |
English Bill of Rights | agreed to by William and Mary in 1689, it stated that monarchs could not: suspend a law of Parliament levy taxes without the consent of Parliament hinder freedom of speech in Parliament prevent a citizen from petitioning the monarch regarding grievances |
Thomas Hobbes | an English philosopher who published Leviathan in 1651, in which he argued that people are naturally greedy, selfish, and cruel, proposed the concept of the social contract, and concluded that the best government is an absolute monarchy |
social contract | the concept that government occurs when people give up the state of nature (anarchy) to a ruler in order to obtain law and order |
Voltaire | a French philosopher (1694-1778) who admired the English style of government and campaigned for freedom of religion and speech |
Montesquieu | a French philosopher who published “On the Spirit of Laws” (1748), in which he advocated a government that provided for separation of powers and a system of checks and balances |
Jean Jacques Rousseau | a French philosopher who captivated leaders of the French Revolution in his work “The Social Contract” (1762), in which he supported the idea of direct democracy; he also believed in the equality of all people and the abolition of titles |
enlightened despot | a concept of monarchs in which the monarch rules with the welfare of his subjects and the state foremost in his or her policies; examples include Catherine the Great of Russia, Holy Roman Emperor Joseph 2 of Austria, and Frederick the Great of Prussia |