Back to AI Flashcard MakerHistory /Barron's AP World - Chapter 17: Revolution and Nationalist Movements Part 2
Barron's AP World - Chapter 17: Revolution and Nationalist Movements Part 2
This deck covers key concepts and events from the French Revolution, including the Old Regime, the Estates-General, the Reign of Terror, and the rise of the Directory. It provides a comprehensive overview of the political and social changes during this period.
Old Regime
the political and social system of France prior to the French Revolution; every person was a subject of the King of France, as well as the member of an estate and province; there was no national citizenship
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Old Regime
the political and social system of France prior to the French Revolution; every person was a subject of the King of France, as well as the member of a...
estates
the three social classes of France prior to the French Revolution; the three estates were the clergy (composed 1%, owned 10% of land), the nobility (c...
Estates-General
the French general assembly, it had not been convened for 175 years when Louis the 16th’s extravagant spending bankrupted the nation and forced him to...
National Assembly
an assembly for French legislation formed by the Third Estate in response to the other state’s refusal to give them two votes
Tennis Court Oath
locked out of their originally meeting place of the National Assembly, the Third Estate delegates met in a different spot, where the took this pledge,...
Bastille
a French prison that was stormed in the early days of the French Revolution on July 14, 1789; it was a symbolic act, similar to the signing of the US ...
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Old Regime | the political and social system of France prior to the French Revolution; every person was a subject of the King of France, as well as the member of an estate and province; there was no national citizenship |
estates | the three social classes of France prior to the French Revolution; the three estates were the clergy (composed 1%, owned 10% of land), the nobility (composed 2%, owned 20% of land), and the third estate (everyone else); the leaders of the third estate were mainly bourgeoisie |
Estates-General | the French general assembly, it had not been convened for 175 years when Louis the 16th’s extravagant spending bankrupted the nation and forced him to convene one in May 1789; each estate got one vote (which disadvantaged the third estate) |
National Assembly | an assembly for French legislation formed by the Third Estate in response to the other state’s refusal to give them two votes |
Tennis Court Oath | locked out of their originally meeting place of the National Assembly, the Third Estate delegates met in a different spot, where the took this pledge, promising to write a new constitution for France |
Bastille | a French prison that was stormed in the early days of the French Revolution on July 14, 1789; it was a symbolic act, similar to the signing of the US Declaration of Independence |
The Great Fear | a time of panic and riots that ensued during the beginning of the French Revolution, with French peasants burning some of the feudal manor houses |
Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen | a key document set down by the National Assembly in 1789 that reflected the ideals of the Enlightenment and Declaration of Independence |
Olympe de Gouges | a French feminist and journalist who wrote the Declaration of the Rights of Women, which was never accepted by the National Assembly; later in the course of the revolution she was executed by guillotine; women were allowed to fight for the revolution, but could not share in it's rewards |
Declaration of the Rights of Women | a noticeable omission in the French Declaration was any reference to the rights of women; this was an attempt to rectify that; it was published in 1791 by Olympe de Gouges |
Legislative Assembly | the National Assembly was intended as an interim government that would be the prelude to a constitutional monarchy; in 1791, having completed a constitution, the National Assembly was dissolved and this was created |
factions of the Legislative Assembly | the assembly divided itself into three factions, each of which sat in a separate section of the assembly hall: -radicals; completely opposed monarchy (left section) -moderates; wanted some changes (center section) -conservatives; supported limited monarchy (right section) These factions are still how we name parts of the political landscape today, though the things they support have changed. |
Prussian intervention | Prussia's statement of support for the royal family angered Parisians; in August 1792, the Parisians imprisoned the royal family |
National Convention | the Legislative Assembly dissolved itself, setting this, which abolished the limited monarchy and established a republic in September 1792; male citizens were given the right to vote; to continue the war against the First Coalition, they drafted an army that included women |
Jacobins | a political faction who had control of France by the time of the National Convention; their leaders included Jean Paul Marat and Georges Danton; Louis 16 was executed in January 1793, under their influence |
First Coalition | a coalition that included Great Britain, the Netherlands, Spain, Prussia, and Austria, they fought to contain the revolutionary French |
Reign of Terror | the term used to refer to the aftermath of the execution of Louis the 16th, during this time many people were killed by guillotine; Marie Antoinette, Marat, and Danton were all guillotined during this time |
Maximilien Robespierre | the Jacobin leader of the Committee of Public Safety during the Reign of Terror, he guillotined alleged enemies of the republic; eventually people turned against his bloodshed in 1794, guillotining him and ending the Reign of Terror |
new legislature | a new government replaced the National Convention after Robespierre's death, which consisted of a two-house legislature and an executive branch |
Directory | the executive branch of the new government established after the Reign of Terror |