Back to AI Flashcard MakerHistory /Barron's AP World - Chapter 19 Imperialism and Global Transformation Part 2
Barron's AP World - Chapter 19 Imperialism and Global Transformation Part 2
This deck covers important events, treaties, and figures from the era of imperialism and global transformation, including the construction of the Suez Canal, the Treaty of Nanjing, and the impact of the Monroe Doctrine.
Suez Canal
constructed in Egypt by Muhammad Ali’s grandson and successor, Isma’il, to continue the modernization of Egypt; it connected the Red Sea with the Mediterranean; partially financed by the French, it opened in 1869
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Suez Canal
constructed in Egypt by Muhammad Ali’s grandson and successor, Isma’il, to continue the modernization of Egypt; it connected the Red Sea with the Medi...
Treaty of Nanjing
a treaty that in 1842 that ended the Opium War granted the victorious British the port of Hong Kong
extraterritorial rights
special exemptions from Chinese laws, they were granted to the US, France, Germany, and Russia in four additional (other than Hong Kong) Chinese ports...
Hong Xiuquan
a young Chinese man who was influenced by Christianity, and who responded to the bad state of China by starting a revolution around 1850; he and his b...
Taiping Rebellion
the rebellion of Hong Xiuquan that by 1864 was put down by the Qing; it left vast acres of farmland devastated, and 20 million or more Chinese dead
Empress Cixi
a Chinese leader, who while committed to Chinese values, encouraged the country to begin to manufacture gunboats and weaponry in factories; many of th...
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Suez Canal | constructed in Egypt by Muhammad Ali’s grandson and successor, Isma’il, to continue the modernization of Egypt; it connected the Red Sea with the Mediterranean; partially financed by the French, it opened in 1869 |
Treaty of Nanjing | a treaty that in 1842 that ended the Opium War granted the victorious British the port of Hong Kong |
extraterritorial rights | special exemptions from Chinese laws, they were granted to the US, France, Germany, and Russia in four additional (other than Hong Kong) Chinese ports in 1844 |
Hong Xiuquan | a young Chinese man who was influenced by Christianity, and who responded to the bad state of China by starting a revolution around 1850; he and his band of nearly 1 million peasants were eventually put down by the Qing |
Taiping Rebellion | the rebellion of Hong Xiuquan that by 1864 was put down by the Qing; it left vast acres of farmland devastated, and 20 million or more Chinese dead |
Empress Cixi | a Chinese leader, who while committed to Chinese values, encouraged the country to begin to manufacture gunboats and weaponry in factories; many of these factories, however, would be operated by foreigners |
Open Door Policy | as China weakened, nations began taking control of it to their financial benefit; this was a policy set forth by the US in 1899 that suggested China's ports be open to traders of all nations; it was widely respected by powers that traded in China, up until Japan's violation starting in 1915 with it's 21 Demands to China |
Boxers | a secret society formed by angered Chinese peasants and workers |
Boxer Rebellion | a siege of Beijing carried out by the Boxers in 1900, it was put down by a force of soldiers from Europe, Japan, and the US; afterwards, China made some reforms, but continued to experience political disorder |
Tokugawa Shogunate | unified Japan in 1600s, and ruled until 1868; during the 18th century, Japan became increasingly urbanized |
daimyo | large landowners who were forced to fortify their castles to withstand the power of the cannon |
Treaty of Kanagawa | the treaty agreed to by the Japanese in which they allowed the US to use two Japanese naval ports to receive supplies, and to open an embassy in Japan; by 1860, several European nations had done the same; this prompted rebellion against the Tokugawa in Japan |
Mutsuhito | the young emperor who set up a new government in response to rebellion against the Tokugawa in 1868, calling it Meiji; lasting from 1868 to 1912, the Meiji period saw rapid modernization and industrialization |
Sino-Japanese War | a war that occurred in 1894 between China and Japan over Korea; Japan won, beginning the takeover of Manchuria, which was valuable due to it's coal and iron deposits |
Russo-Japanese War | a war between Russia and Japan over Manchuria that occurred in 1905; Japan inflicted devastating losses on the Russian fleet |
Treaty of Portsmouth | the treaty that ended the Russo-Japanese war and granted Japan Manchuria and Korea; this demonstrated to the world that one of the aims of modernized Japan was imperialism |
caudillos | revolutionary leaders who were oftentimes military dictators |
Latin American independence | this had not brought prosperity to Latin America, as many had envisioned; land ownership continued to be inequitable, and improper land usage was common; additionally, they did not develop very much industry |
Monroe Doctrine | a policy issued in 1823 by the US President James Monroe which stated that the Americas were not open to colonization by any European power; Great Britain reinforced the impact of the Monroe Doctrine by pledging to support it |
Spanish-American War | a war that occurred in 1898 when the US joined the Cubans in their struggle for independence from Spain; as a result of the 10-week long war, Cuba won it's independence in 1901; the Spanish also relinquished Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines to the US |
Panama Canal | a canal completed in 1914 by the US that attracted ships from around the globe and placed the US in control of an important mechanism of global trade |
building of the Canal | President Theodore Roosevelt favored the construction of a canal across Panama, which was part of Columbia, but the Columbians were charging a very high price; instead, the US supported a revolution in Panama, in return for getting the area around the canal; the canal was given back to Panama starting in 1979 under Carter, and finishing the power transition in 1999 |
Roosevelt Corollary | a statement made by President Theodore Roosevelt that the US would be a "police power" in the Americas; in years to come, the US would frequently us this as a justification for intervention and occupation in Latin American nations; nevertheless, many Latin American republics resented this |