Back to AI Flashcard MakerHistory /Barron's AP World - Chapter 25 Global Independence Movements Part 4

Barron's AP World - Chapter 25 Global Independence Movements Part 4

History22 CardsCreated 4 months ago

This deck covers key events and figures in the Middle East conflicts, focusing on the Arab-Israeli wars and peace efforts from the 1948 Arab-Israeli War to the early 2000s.

West Bank

Jordan annexed this land during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
West Bank
Jordan annexed this land during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War
Gaza Strip
Egypt annexed this land during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War
Gamal Abdel Nasser
In 1952, King Farouk of Egypt was overthrown by this man; adopting a neutral position in international politics, he initiated policies designed to mod...
Suez Canal
French and British interests continued to control this until it was seized by Nasser in 1956
Aswan Dam
This was a dam that Nasser had wanted to build, but had lost the financial support of Britain and France; he planned to use revenue from the Suez Cana...
Gulf of Aqaba
In 1967, another conflict arose when Nasser closed this off; it was Israel's only outlet to the Red Sea; convinced they were about to be attacked, the...

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TermDefinition
West Bank
Jordan annexed this land during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War
Gaza Strip
Egypt annexed this land during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War
Gamal Abdel Nasser
In 1952, King Farouk of Egypt was overthrown by this man; adopting a neutral position in international politics, he initiated policies designed to modernize Egypt militarily and economically, with the goal of making it the leader of a pan-Arab movement
Suez Canal
French and British interests continued to control this until it was seized by Nasser in 1956
Aswan Dam
This was a dam that Nasser had wanted to build, but had lost the financial support of Britain and France; he planned to use revenue from the Suez Canal to continue building it; his plans were offset when the Israelis advanced toward the canal and routed the Egyptians, as the British and French provided air support; nonetheless, Israel withdrew and left the canal in Egyptian hands
Gulf of Aqaba
In 1967, another conflict arose when Nasser closed this off; it was Israel's only outlet to the Red Sea; convinced they were about to be attacked, the Israelis attacked airfields in Syria, Egypt, Iran, and Jordan; the war concluded in 6 days, with devastating loss of life for the Arabs (the Six-Day War)
Six-Day War
After this war, Israel occupied Jerusalem, the Sinai Peninsula, the West Bank, and the Golan Heights; the Palestinians living in Jerusalem were given a choice of Israeli or Jordanian citizenship, and those residing in other areas became stateless
Sinai Peninsula
d
Golan Heights
d
Anwar Sadat
Nasser's successor; in October 1973, he attacked the Israelis on Yom Kippur; caught by surprise, the Israelis lost some of their territory gained during the Six-Day War and also suffered severe casualties; this became known as the Yom Kippur War
Yom Kippur
The most sacred of Jewish holidays
Golda Meir
The Israeli prime minister who launched a counterattack to Sadat's Yom Kippur attack, regaining most of the territory that the Israelis had lost
Camp David Accords
In November 1977, Anwar Sadat made a peace initiative in which in exchange for his offer of peace, Israel would withdraw from the territory taken in 1967 from Egypt, Jordan, and Syria; the negotiations resulted in this, in which Egypt recognized the legitimacy of Israel and Israel agreed to return to the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt
Menachem Begin
The Israeli leader during the time of the Camp David Accords
Jimmy Carter
The US President who in 1978 offered to host the peace talks between Sadat and Begin
Hosni Mubarak
In 1981, Sadat was assassinated by extremists who opposed his capitulation to Israel, and was replaced by this man; this man pledged to continue the peace between Egypt and Israel
PLO (Palestine Liberation Organization)
In spite of the peace accords, the Israelis continued to build settlements in the occupied Palestinian lands along the West Bank and Gaza Strip; meanwhile, the Palestinians began to depend on the leadership of this organization
Yasir Arafat
The man who founded the PLO in 1964
intifada
A campaign of civil disobedience begun by the Palestinians in 1987 to make known their sentiments; a series of demonstrations, boycotts, and violent attacks, they attracted the attention of the world and pressured Israel to engage in peace talks in October 1991
Declaration of Principles
In 1993, secret talks in Oslo, Norway produced this document; according to it's provisions, Israel conceded to Palestinian self-rule in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank
Yitzhak Rabin
The Prime Minister of Israel in 1993, he signed the Declaration of Principles at the White House in September 1993; in 1995, he was assassinated by a Jewish extremist who opposed the provisions of the declaration
Benjamin Netanyahu
The successor to Rabin, he attempted to uphold the agreement; in 1997, Netanyahu and Arafat planned a partial Israeli withdrawal from Hebron on the West Bank; in 2005, Israel withdrew from the Gaza Strip, evacuating all Jewish settlements; in spite of the Declaration of Principles, violence between Arabs and Jews continues to the present