Back to AI Flashcard MakerHistory /Barron's AP World - Chapter 25 Global Independence Movements Part 2
Benigno Aquino
the chief opponent of Marcos in the Philippines who was assassinated as he returned to the Philippines from a trip to the US
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Benigno Aquino
the chief opponent of Marcos in the Philippines who was assassinated as he returned to the Philippines from a trip to the US
Corazon Aquino
the widow of Benigno Aquino; in the 1986 elections in the Philippines, she ran against Marcos and won, exiling him to Hawaii where he later died
Fidel Ramos
the successor to Corazon Aquino in 1992, his presidency was restricted to a single six-year term so that the abuses of the 20-year Marcos regime would...
Négritude
the celebration of the black race and it’s accomplishments
Kwame Nkrumah
the leader of the British-controlled Gold Coast in their independence efforts; he became it's first prime minister and later the president for life; h...
Marcus Garvey
the Jamaican-born instigator of a pan-African movement whose goal was the creation of an Africa ruled by Africans; he founded the Pan-African Congress...
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Benigno Aquino | the chief opponent of Marcos in the Philippines who was assassinated as he returned to the Philippines from a trip to the US |
Corazon Aquino | the widow of Benigno Aquino; in the 1986 elections in the Philippines, she ran against Marcos and won, exiling him to Hawaii where he later died |
Fidel Ramos | the successor to Corazon Aquino in 1992, his presidency was restricted to a single six-year term so that the abuses of the 20-year Marcos regime would never be repeated |
Négritude | the celebration of the black race and it’s accomplishments |
Kwame Nkrumah | the leader of the British-controlled Gold Coast in their independence efforts; he became it's first prime minister and later the president for life; he became involved in the Pan-African Congress, and founded his own group, the Organization of African Unity (OAU) |
Marcus Garvey | the Jamaican-born instigator of a pan-African movement whose goal was the creation of an Africa ruled by Africans; he founded the Pan-African Congress in 1945 |
Nigerian independence | Nigeria gained it's independence from Great Britain in 1960; the most populous and prosperous country in Africa, it was also ethnically diverse, a situation that led to civil war; after the civil war, the Nigerians attempted to rebuild and modernize their country, becoming one of the world's largest oil producers and a member of OPEC; in 1983, the Hausa-Fulani staged a coup and formed a government that discriminated against other ethnic groups; in 1999, a new constitution was adopted, and civilian government was restored |
Jomo Kenyatta | a British-educated Kenyan nationalist who worked for Kenyan independence from Great Britain, which was achieved in 1963; at this point, Kenyatta was elected as the first president |
Mau Mau | a secret organization in Kenya that was composed primarily of Kikuyu farmers who had been driven off the good land by the British; they worked against the British |
Daniel arap Moi | the man whose administration followed Kenyatta's death in 1978 he faced demonstrations in favor of a more democratic government; in 2002, free elections resulted in a new party gaining power |
Patrice Lumumba | when the Belgian-controlled Congo received its independence in 1960, this person became it's first prime minister |
Moise Tshombe | when the Congo received independence, this was a local leader who established leadersip over the southeastern province of Katanga, which was rich in copper mines; thus, the area was not unified |
Joseph Mobutu | an army officer who led a coup against Lumumba and turned him over to Tshombe; since Lumumba had Marxist leanings, the US CIA was sympathetic with the coup; he changed the country's name to Zaire, and ruled as an authoritarian until 1997 |
Laurent Kabila | the ouster of Mobutu from power in the Congo in 1997, he initially ruled as an autocrat and promised free elections in 1999, but those never came; he changed the country's name from Zaire to the Democratic Republic of the Congo; in 1998, his government was attacked by Congolese rebels who were supported by the governments of Rwanda and Uganda |
Hutu and Tutsi tribes | the ethnic conflict between these two tribes led to a mass genocide, and eventually involved most of Central Africa, coming to be known as Africa's first 'world war'; in February 2000, the UN sent peacekeeping troops into the Congo, and a cease-fire was arranged |
Algerian independence | since Algeria had thousands of French colonists who had lived there for decades, the French tried to mollify the Algerian desire for independence by claiming to offer full citizenship to subject peoples; conflicts between the French and Algerians escalated into a violent demonstration in 1945; in 1954, the FLN (Algerian National Liberation Front) declared it's goal of independence; this was finally granted in July 1962 |
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