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Events Leading to the Civil War Part 1
This deck covers the key events and differences between Northern and Southern states before the Civil War. It includes political, economic, and social factors, as well as major legislative acts and decisions leading up to the conflict.
What were the differences between northern and southern states before the Civil War?
Before the Civil War the North experienced a growing manufacturing economy, several political changes, and a variety of dynamic reform movements. The South remained primarily an agricultural society based upon the growing of cotton in a plantation system.
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
What were the differences between northern and southern states before the Civil War?
Before the Civil War the North experienced a growing manufacturing economy, several political changes, and a variety of dynamic reform movements. The ...
What were the political differences between northern and southern states before the Civil War?
Northerners generally supported a Bank of the Unites States, a protective tariff, internal improvements at federal expense, and the prohibition of sla...
What caused the Civil War?
The primary causes of the Civil War included an argument over federal as opposed to states' rights, a struggle for control of the federal government, ...
What did northerners think of slavery?
Although there was a growing abolitionist movement in the North, most northerners, before the 1850s, did not generally sympathize with the abolitionis...
What did southerners think of slavery?
Although most southerners did not own slaves, southerners generally supported slavery by arguing that it had always existed, it was more humane than n...
How were differences between the North and South settled before the 1850s?
Before the 1850s sectional differences were usually compromised at the federal level. The most notable compromise included the Missouri Compromise of ...
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
What were the differences between northern and southern states before the Civil War? | Before the Civil War the North experienced a growing manufacturing economy, several political changes, and a variety of dynamic reform movements. The South remained primarily an agricultural society based upon the growing of cotton in a plantation system. |
What were the political differences between northern and southern states before the Civil War? | Northerners generally supported a Bank of the Unites States, a protective tariff, internal improvements at federal expense, and the prohibition of slavery in the territories. Southerners generally disagreed with northerners on these issues. |
What caused the Civil War? | The primary causes of the Civil War included an argument over federal as opposed to states' rights, a struggle for control of the federal government, economic differences, and slavery. Many historians feel that slavery was the main cause because it was an emotional issue that most separated the North from the South. Some historians point out that slavery was not the main cause because the North did not threaten to end slavery where it already existed. Furthermore, five slave states - Missouri, Kentucky, West Virginia, Maryland, and Delaware - fought for the Union. |
What did northerners think of slavery? | Although there was a growing abolitionist movement in the North, most northerners, before the 1850s, did not generally sympathize with the abolitionists. Those who did support abolitionism felt that slavery was morally wrong. In addition, abolitionists thought slavery led to the inhumane treatment of blacks, violated the principles of democracy, and violated the teachings of the Bible. |
What did southerners think of slavery? | Although most southerners did not own slaves, southerners generally supported slavery by arguing that it had always existed, it was more humane than northern capitalism, and it was, as many southerners believed, sanctioned by the Bible. |
How were differences between the North and South settled before the 1850s? | Before the 1850s sectional differences were usually compromised at the federal level. The most notable compromise included the Missouri Compromise of 1820 and the Compromise of 1833. |
What effect did the Mexican-American War have on sectional differences? | The end of the Mexican-American War in 1848 marked a turning point in sectional conflict. The land obtained from Mexico at the end of the war intensified the debate over whether slavery should be allowed in the territories. This issue was increasingly difficult to compromise since the addition of new states, slave or free, would upset the political balance between North and South, particularly in the U.S. Senate. |
What was the Compromise of 1850? | In the Compromise of 1850 California became a free state (the South's main concession) and Congress adopted a strict Fugitive Slave Law (the North's main concession). The compromise also declared the slave trade would be abolished in the District of Columbia, slavery in New Mexico and Utah would be decided by popular sovereignty, the Texas boundary would be reduced, and the Texas debt would be paid by the federal government. This compromise signed by Millard Fillmore |
What effect did Uncle Tom's Cabin have on sectional differences? | Uncle Tom's Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe stirred the conscience of the North and increased the anti-slavery sentiment. |
What was the Kansas-Nebraska act? | The Kansas-Nebraska Act, authored by Senator Stephen Douglas, was passed as a provision for creating territorial governments in Kansas and Nebraska. The Kansas-Nebraska Act repealed the Missouri Compromise by requiring that the issue of slavery be settled not by the 36° 30' line, but by popular sovereignty. |
Why was the Republican party created? | After the Whig Party split over the issue of slavery many northerners were looking of an alternative to the Democratic Party's support of popular sovereignty. Passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act in 1854 led to the creation of the Republican Party, a party that was opposed to popular sovereignty and the extension of slavery in the territories. |
What was the Dred Scott decision? | In a sweeping victory for southern slave owners, the Supreme Court ruled in Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) that blacks were not citizens and could not sue in federal court. The Court ruled that Congress could not outlaw slavery in the territories since a prohibition of slavery would deprive slave owners of their property and deny them a fundamental right protected by the Constitution. |
What were the Lincoln-Douglas Debates? | In an election for the U.S. Senate in 1858, Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas held a series of debates in Illinois. Although Douglas won the election, Lincoln became nationally known. Douglas, a presidential hopeful, argued that although Congress could not keep slavery out the territories, the people could. |
What happened at Harper's Ferry, Virginia in 1859 | In 1859 John Brown, a radical abolitionist, led a raid on the federal arsenal at Harper's Ferry. Brown, who hoped to seize weapons from the federal arsenal and start a slave revolt in the South, was captured and charged with treason. After he was executed Brown became a martyr to many northerners. Southerners, on the other hand, saw Brown as part of a general northern conspiracy against slavery and therefore increased their pro-slavery rhetoric. |
What happened in the election of 1860? | Although Abraham Lincoln won a minority of popular votes running against the other three candidates, he won a majority of electoral votes and was chosen 16th president of the United States. Seven southern states responded to Lincoln's election by seceding from the Union and forming the Confederate States of America. |