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Events Leading to the Civil War Part 2
This flashcard deck covers significant events, figures, and concepts that contributed to the lead-up to the American Civil War, providing insights into abolitionism, political changes, and regional tensions.
Mexican Cession
Some of Mexico's territory was added to the U.S. after the Mexican War: Arizona, New Mexico, California, Utah, Nevada & Colorado. (Treaty of Guadelupe Hildago)
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Mexican Cession
Some of Mexico's territory was added to the U.S. after the Mexican War: Arizona, New Mexico, California, Utah, Nevada & Colorado. (Treaty of Guadelupe...
Wilmot Proviso1850
When President Polk submitted his Appropriations Bill of 1846 requesting Congress' approval of the $2 million indemnity to be paid to Mexico under the...
Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom's Cabin, 1852
Harriet Beecher Stowe was an American reformer, abolitionist, and writer whose novel Uncle Tom's Cabin (1852) is a classic of 19th century anti-slaver...
Birth of the Republican Party 1854
A coalition of the Free Soil Party, the Know-Nothing Party and renegade Whigs merged in 1854 to form the Republican Party, a liberal, anti-slavery par...
Southern secession, 1860-61
Secessionists argued that the United States Constitution was a compact among states, an agreement which each state could abandon without consultation....
Confederate States of America created, 1861
Government set up from 1861 to 1865 by eleven Southern slave states that had declared their secession from the United States. The Confederacy was even...
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Mexican Cession | Some of Mexico's territory was added to the U.S. after the Mexican War: Arizona, New Mexico, California, Utah, Nevada & Colorado. (Treaty of Guadelupe Hildago) |
Wilmot Proviso1850 | When President Polk submitted his Appropriations Bill of 1846 requesting Congress' approval of the $2 million indemnity to be paid to Mexico under the Treaty of Guadelupe Hidalgo, Pennsylvania Representative David Wilmot attached a rider which would have barred slavery from the territory acquired. The South hated the Wilmot Proviso and a new Appropriations Bill was introduced in 1847 without the Proviso. It provoked one of the first debates on slavery at the federal level, and the principles of the Proviso became the core of the Free Soil, and later the Republican, Party. |
Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom's Cabin, 1852 | Harriet Beecher Stowe was an American reformer, abolitionist, and writer whose novel Uncle Tom's Cabin (1852) is a classic of 19th century anti-slavery literature. Her novel, (1852) was a depiction of life for African-Americans under slavery; it reached millions as a novel and play, and became influential in the United States and United Kingdom. It energized anti-slavery forces in the American North, while provoking widespread anger in the South. |
Birth of the Republican Party 1854 | A coalition of the Free Soil Party, the Know-Nothing Party and renegade Whigs merged in 1854 to form the Republican Party, a liberal, anti-slavery party. The party's Presidential candidate, John C. Fremont, captured one-third of the popular vote in the 1856 election. |
Southern secession, 1860-61 | Secessionists argued that the United States Constitution was a compact among states, an agreement which each state could abandon without consultation. The Union government rejected secession as illegal. |
Confederate States of America created, 1861 | Government set up from 1861 to 1865 by eleven Southern slave states that had declared their secession from the United States. The Confederacy was eventually defeated in the American Civil War against the Union. |
Abraham Lincoln | nicknamed "Old Abe" and "Honest Abe"; born in Kentucky to impoverished parents and mainly self-educated; a Springfield lawyer. Republicans chose him to run against Senator Douglas (a Democrat) in the senatorial elections of 1858. He lost, but Lincoln came to be one of the most prominent northern politicians and emerged as a Republican nominee for president. Although he won the presidential elections of 1860 and, he was a minority and sectional president (he was not allowed on the ballot in ten southern states). |
William Lloyd Garrison | the Liberator; anti-slavery newspaper; wanted immediate emancipation of all slaves; believed in assimilation; created Anti-slavery Society - no political parties and women could participate |
Frederick Douglas | A former slave who was an abolitionist, gifted speaker and self-educated. In 1838 he was "discovered" as a great abolitionist to give antislavery speeches. He swayed many people to see that slavery was wrong by publishing "Narrative of the Life of Fredrick Douglass" which depicted slavery as being cruel. He also looked for ways politically to end slavery; believed in equality of all people; North Star - black owned abolitionist news paper |
Harriet Tubman | was an African-American abolitionist, humanitarian, and Union spy during the American Civil War; she made thirteen missions to rescue more than 70 slaves using the network of antislavery activists and safe houses known as the Underground Railroad. She later helped John Brown recruit men for his raid on Harpers Ferry, and in the post-war era struggled for women's suffrage. |
Sojourner Truth | a freed slave who lived in America during the late 1800's. She was also known as Isabella. From her home in New York she waged a constant battle for the abolition of slavery. She was also a prominent figure in the fight for women's rights. Áin't I a Woman? |
John C. Calhoun | Formerly Jackson's vice-president, later a South Carolina senator. He said the North should grant the South's demands and keep quiet about slavery to keep the peace. He was a spokesman for the South and states' rights. |
Henry Clay | Should have been nominated by the Whigs in the 1848 election because he was the ideal Whig. However, he made too many speeches which created too many enemies. He also came up with the Compromise of 1850. |
Chief Justice Roger B. Taney (pronounced "Tawny") | As chief justice, he wrote the important decision in the Dred Scott case, upholding police power of states and asserting the principle of social responsibility of private property. He was Southern and upheld the fugitive slave laws. |
Antebellum | pre-civil war; 1830-1860 |