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Sacred texts
Torah and Talmud
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Sacred texts
Torah and Talmud
What does the Torah contain?
Judaism’s main teachings and history; First book of the Bible; Narrative creation of the world; Prophets; Journey to Egypt and promise land; 10 Comman...
What does the Talmud contain?
Commentaries and traditions; Detailed studies of legal matters and ritual obligations
Who are the 3 Major Figures?
Abraham (No time), Moses(1300 BCE), and David(1000 BCE)
How early was Judaism compared to all the others?
Earlier than any other religion (1800 BCE)
Who was Abraham?
1st Monotheist - Invented it; Founder of Judaism and possibly Christianity
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Sacred texts | Torah and Talmud |
What does the Torah contain? | Judaism’s main teachings and history; First book of the Bible; Narrative creation of the world; Prophets; Journey to Egypt and promise land; 10 Commandments; Etc. |
What does the Talmud contain? | Commentaries and traditions; Detailed studies of legal matters and ritual obligations |
Who are the 3 Major Figures? | Abraham (No time), Moses(1300 BCE), and David(1000 BCE) |
How early was Judaism compared to all the others? | Earlier than any other religion (1800 BCE) |
Who was Abraham? | 1st Monotheist - Invented it; Founder of Judaism and possibly Christianity |
What did Abraham do that was so significant? | Made a covenant with God in which Abraham and his people will acknowledge only this 1 God and God will see them as his “Chosen people”; They also have to travel to the promise land; In exchange, God will make the Jewish people a great nation and offer protection |
Covenant | A sacred agreement - with God |
Where is Abraham from? | Mesopotamia - World’s first civilization; Between 2 major rivers - Very easy for trade and crops and water source |
Canaan | Promise land from Abraham; Ancient Israel |
Who was Moses? | A desert nomad |
What did Moses do that was so significant? | Tell the Pharaoh of Egypt to free the Jews; 10 Plagues; Exodus; 10 Commandments |
10 Plagues | 10 disasters inflicted on the Pharaoh by God to make him free the captured Jews; Locus - Nile turns Red - Frogs - Killing of first borns - etc. |
Passover | 1 of the Plagues - Killing of the first borns; Moses tells Jews to paint lamb’s blood over their front door so that angel of death passover |
Exodus | Migration out of Egypt to the Promised Land; Moses convinces Pharaoh -> Ramses II changes his mind and chases after Jews; Moses parted the red sea; 10 Commandments; Reaching Canaan |
10 Commandments | Foundation of Jewish ethics, behaviors, and responsibilities; Moral rules; After Moses parted the red sea; He traveled up to Mt.Sinai and have a conversation with God - He came back down with 10 tablets |
Arch of Covenant | Box that keeps the 10 Commandments |
Who was David and Goliath? | Young David fought Goliath from Philistine and won with a sling; |
Who was David? | Hero king of Jewish people; Model messiah figure |
Messiah | Savior |
What did David do that was so significant? | Represented ancient Judaism at its heights - Expelled invaders and developed a solid foundation; Built a temple in Jerusalem - Center of Jewish religious center - Symbol of Jewish unity and past |
Western Wall / Wailing Wall | What is left of David’s temple after invaders; This was the last time Jews were a single and connected organization where every Jewish person from around the world would gather and worship; Located in Jerusalem |
Diaspora | (Take a group of people) Scattering of people (from their homeland) |
What are the 2 Jewish diaspora groups? | Ashkenazi (German) + Sephardic (Spanish) |
Rabbi | Jewish scholars / priests |
What are the principle beliefs? | 1 all-powerful God (Monotheism); Covenant -> Chosen people; Prophets; Ethical conducts / responsibilities (10 Commandments); Weekly sabbath |
What do Prophets do? | Reveal God's will - A person in contact with a divine being |
Sabbath | Jewish Day of Rest; Happens each week from Friday sunset - Sunday sunset |
Rosh Hashanah | New Year |
Yom Kippur | Day of Atonement (Reparation for a wrong) |