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History - Race / Identity

History18 CardsCreated 4 months ago

This deck covers key concepts and historical constructs of race and identity, focusing on the Americas, including the US, Latin America, and the Caribbean.

Definition of Race

Race isn’t a fixed concept; Race is a historical construct that has different meanings in different places, there is no consistent definitions and often times views can be inaccurate and oversimplified
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
Definition of Race
Race isn’t a fixed concept; Race is a historical construct that has different meanings in different places, there is no consistent definitions and oft...
US
People are either black or white; Anyone with a degree of African ancestry makes them black
1 Drop Rule
Idea that 1 ancestor determines how you are viewed; 1 African ancestry = = “black” in US
Americas (Latin America / Caribbean)
Black, white, and in - between; Any degree of non-African ancestry makes them not black; More focused on physical appearance than biology; Mix-race / ...
Wealth in Americas
Class + Culture involved: Different form of racial prejudice; White people have money; Colonels are never black no matter how dark their skin
North America
Race is biological - Biology = Destiny

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TermDefinition
Definition of Race
Race isn’t a fixed concept; Race is a historical construct that has different meanings in different places, there is no consistent definitions and often times views can be inaccurate and oversimplified
US
People are either black or white; Anyone with a degree of African ancestry makes them black
1 Drop Rule
Idea that 1 ancestor determines how you are viewed; 1 African ancestry = = “black” in US
Americas (Latin America / Caribbean)
Black, white, and in - between; Any degree of non-African ancestry makes them not black; More focused on physical appearance than biology; Mix-race / intermarriage is very common; Children might be a different “race” from their parents
Wealth in Americas
Class + Culture involved: Different form of racial prejudice; White people have money; Colonels are never black no matter how dark their skin
North America
Race is biological - Biology = Destiny
Hispaniola
Haiti + Dominican Republic
Haiti
Black population dominated the country - African ancestry; Plantation slaves
Dominican Republic
Dominant population: Mulatto who identify with their Spanish ancestors; Doesn’t let people know they are mulatto (not on their identity cards) or have African roots because blacks are treated badly in this country
3 Major groups in DR
White, India, Dark Indian
1 Major group in Haiti
Only Haitian descents are “black”
White people in both societies
White people remained privileged; White person gets job even if he’s less qualified than black person
Dominican Republic Appearance
Being / looking white is the freedom to opportunity; Appearance counts more than ancestry, so most Dominicans wants to look as white as possible (changing their hair from afro to straight) -> However: Hair treatment is very expensive -> Only the rich can straighten their hair that made them look refined (3 times a year); Looking white is another class other than color: Differentiate the rich and poor
Wealth in DR
Poor = “Black”; Dark-skinned Dominicans who wants to be black can’t identify as black; As long as you have food, you are “Dark Indian”
Marriage in DR
Marrying black = Worry about social position; In white families, children who marry blacks gets disinherited; Prefer marrying lighter skinned people -> Improve their own race -> Children have a higher chance of being whiter: More social mobility
DC (1 drop rule)
Any white ancestry cane make you white; Important bc race is not a universal rule; Race is a social construct / socially constructed idea (can change); Chosen to identify more to their European ancestry than their indigenous or African ancestry
Haiti (1 drop)
Much higher percentage who are more African ancestry and mulatto or mestizo; Higher African population; Not a lot of Christianity - doesn’t like Catholic Christian; Identify as opposite of Dominicans
Batey
Sugar Plantation in Dominican Republic; Sugar harvest - laborers from Haiti; Haitian workers aren’t allow to leave the plantations