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History - Russia Part 2

History29 CardsCreated 4 months ago

This deck covers key historical concepts and figures in Russian history, including laws, religious influences, and significant leaders.

Russkaya Pravda

Russia's first codified law; Limited the number of avengers to the closest relatives of the dead - If no avengers, then killer must pay fine and compensation to relatives; Gives various forms of punishments
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
Russkaya Pravda
Russia's first codified law; Limited the number of avengers to the closest relatives of the dead - If no avengers, then killer must pay fine and compe...
System of Precedence
Rank principality from least powerful to most; When a Duke dies, each noblemen move up once, avoiding conflicts for power
Icons
Byzantine icons become the Great Russian painting tradition - more visual because most Russians at the time couldn't read
Religious service
People thinks words are magical, resulting in people having conflict with the translations of the texts
Metropolitan
Head of the Orthodox Church / Leading religious figure in the biggest city - Kind of like a Pope
Cyrillic Alphabet
Become popular in late 9th century

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TermDefinition
Russkaya Pravda
Russia's first codified law; Limited the number of avengers to the closest relatives of the dead - If no avengers, then killer must pay fine and compensation to relatives; Gives various forms of punishments
System of Precedence
Rank principality from least powerful to most; When a Duke dies, each noblemen move up once, avoiding conflicts for power
Icons
Byzantine icons become the Great Russian painting tradition - more visual because most Russians at the time couldn't read
Religious service
People thinks words are magical, resulting in people having conflict with the translations of the texts
Metropolitan
Head of the Orthodox Church / Leading religious figure in the biggest city - Kind of like a Pope
Cyrillic Alphabet
Become popular in late 9th century
Architecture
Saint Basil's Cathedral - Cultural diffusion with Byzantines -> Smaller domes but lots of them
Ivan the Terrible / Ivan Grozny / Ivan IV
Built St. Basil's Cathedral because he wanted to build the greatest thing for Russia; 1st Tsar for Russia
Alexander Nevsky
Made a decision that shaped the future of Russia; Defeat 1 or the other between Germans and Mongols; Germans want to conquer so Nevsky joins forces with Mongols --> Pay tribute to Mongols -> Some people left and hid into safety from Mongol influence -> Creation of Moscow
Tatars
Russian name for the Mongols
Mongol Invasions
Mongols aren't numerous, doesn't want to conquer but pay tribute;
Mongols Tax
The Russian that's the tax collector for the mongols are the most important person = Princes of Moscow; However, it's hard to get Russians to pay taxes - Boyars were the only ones who could
Boyars
Russian nobles who owns land and control vast number of serfs; Didn't like caesaropapism that Ivan the Terrible had so
Serfs
People who are forced to work and not allowed to leave
Ivan III / Ivan the Great
Tells Mongols that they aren't going to pay taxes
Ivan the Terrible on Mongols
Autocracy / Dictatorship / Extremely powerful leadership; Found Mongols the way they fought others
Conscription
Forcing people to fight in the army
Serfdom
Abundant land + scarce labor; Russian peasants are bound to the land - their village is their entire world - No social mobility
Taxes
Because Ivan III and Ivan IV created their own Russian state, they didn't have to pay taxes; This caused the peasants to inflict hate upon them and because of this, Ivan IV decided to blame the Boyars (Russian nobles who collects taxes) instead
Ivan the Terrible on Boyars
Boyars killed his wife because they couldn't kill him -> Ivan IV retires -> Boyars fought endlessly to determine the next ruler -> Peasants and boyars plead for Ivan IV to return -> Raise his own army of psychos -> Kills boyars
Autocracy
Serfdom + Taxation + Conscription; Tyranny - Rulers have absolute power and abusing it
Muscovite Court
Coming out of Moscow - Royal court; Center of political, social, and cultural life; Ruling princes and later Tsars
Tsar
Russian Ruler/emperor - Comes from Caesar
Russian Mir
World, Peace, Village; Serfdom - Their village is their entire world because they can't leave; If most Russians were serfs, then there were no social mobility in Russia; Merchant class was small; 80% were serfs before WW1
Communal Living
Most people don't own land property but the village do - Land group property
Veche
Village Council; Decide interest of families; Collect tax; Send village idiots to army so smart ones remain safe
Veche Priority
Avoid risk - keep their village safe; Knows how to handle independent thinkers
Raising the Red Rooster
In Russia society, people are very conserved and takes less risks; Freeze or chased out; Unless someone has a prosperous year, the rest will all have no social mobility -> Slow cultural diffusion - no growth in cities
Russia / Moscow
Called 3rd Rome because Russians accepted Orthodox Christianity from the Greek Byzantines