Where did the Industrial Revolution begin, and why did it begin there?
Key Terms
Why did it begin in England?
large population of workers
extensive natural resources (water power, coal, iron ore, rivers, harbors)
expanding economy
business people i...
What were the major forms of improvements to transportation during the industrial revolution?
- The steam engine triggered new improvements in transportation. This was used to propel boats, that lead to the formation of canal networks. Peopl...
How did Industrialization change the lives of the people living in Europe?
People could earn higher wages in factories than farms
They wore better clothing and ate better food because they could now afford it
Urbaniz...
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Where did the Industrial Revolution begin, and why did it begin there? | It began in England (Britain) in the middle 1700's. |
Why did it begin in England? | large population of workers |
What spurred the Industrial Revolution? | Inventions; they wanted to modernize the cotton industry to speed up production and increase sales. |
What are the factors of production? | The resources needed to produce goods and services that the Industrial Revolution required (land, labor, and capital). |
What were the major forms of improvements to transportation during the industrial revolution? | - The steam engine triggered new improvements in transportation. This was used to propel boats, that lead to the formation of canal networks. People began building roads and turnpikes with tolls |
How did Industrialization change the lives of the people living in Europe? | People could earn higher wages in factories than farms |
Laissez faire | Refers to the economic policy of letting owners of industry and business set working conditions without interference. |
Utilitarianism | Introduced by Bentham, said people should judge ideas, institutions, and actions based on their utility or usefulness. |
Industrial Revolution | Refers to the greatly increased output of machine-made goods that began in England in the middle 1700's. |
Thomas Newcome | Invented the steam engine. |
George Stephenson | Improved Richard's locomotive, built engines for mine operators, and began work on the world's first railroad line. |
Richard Trevithick | Steam-driven locomotive (railroad). |
Robert Fulton | Built first steamboat. |
James Watt | Figured out how to make the steam engine work faster and more efficiently while burning less fuel. |
Urbanization | Movement to cities. |
Middle class | Social class made up of skilled workers, professionals, business people, and wealthy farmers. |
Length of the average workday | Was originally 14 hours a day, for 6 days a week, eventually changed to 10 hour days for women and children in 1847. |
List at least 5 problems that existed in Industrial cities such as Manchester | Child labor, pollution, workers lived in shacks, poorly designed due to rapid growth, lacked paved streets, safe water, sewers. |
The Industrial Revolution refers to the increased production of ____________________ that began in England during the 18th century. | Machine made goods. |
An _____________ paved the way for the Industrial Revolution. | Agricultural Revolution. |