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US History Chapters 2-4 Part 2

History30 CardsCreated 4 months ago

This deck covers key events, figures, and concepts from US History Chapters 2-4, focusing on early colonization, significant colonies, and interactions with Native Americans.

the Catholic aristocrat who sought to build a sanctuary for his fellow believers

Lord Baltimore
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
the Catholic aristocrat who sought to build a sanctuary for his fellow believers
Lord Baltimore
colony that established the House of Burgesses in 1619
Virginia
Elizabethan courtiers who failed in their first attempts at New World colonies
Raleigh and Gilbert
Philanthropic soldier-statesmen who founded the Georgian colony
James Oglethorpe
colony that paid for disease-resistant slaves to work on their extensive rice plantations
SC
reasons it took England so long to start colonization in the New World
Religious conflict; conflict with Ireland; Early Colonial efforts were failures

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TermDefinition
the Catholic aristocrat who sought to build a sanctuary for his fellow believers
Lord Baltimore
colony that established the House of Burgesses in 1619
Virginia
Elizabethan courtiers who failed in their first attempts at New World colonies
Raleigh and Gilbert
Philanthropic soldier-statesmen who founded the Georgian colony
James Oglethorpe
colony that paid for disease-resistant slaves to work on their extensive rice plantations
SC
reasons it took England so long to start colonization in the New World
Religious conflict; conflict with Ireland; Early Colonial efforts were failures
England's defeat of the Spanish armada led to three things:
England's domination of N. America also led to the collapse of the Spanish Armada; 'Golden Age of England' (300 years of dominance)
factors that led to England's colonization of N. America
defeat of Spain; 'surplus population'; unemployment; primogeniture; desire for religious freedom
the Indians fell victim to the 3 D's
Disease: entire populations/tribes wiped out; Disorganization: their independence led to their demise; Disposability: no labor source and no trade commodities
two important events in 1619:
House of Burgesses (self-government); first African Americans (led to slavery)
why was sugar known as the 'rich man's crop'?
required lots of land to grow; and lots of labor; takes long time to grow; expensive to refine
'Poor man's crop'
tobacco
common features of the Southern Colonies
staple crop - agriculture; slavery - common labor source; aristocratic - wealth = power; few cities; little religion; mostly men; mostly illiterate
the only things that bound the Northern and Southern colonies together
religion and language
North: a) economy: trade + commerce b) settled bc: religious freedom c) government: semi democratic d) values: religion + family e) very literate
South: a) agriculture b) profit c) aristocracy/oligarchy d) non-religious, single males e) illiterate
Puritan beliefs
original sin; predestination - predetermined whether we go to Heaven or Hell; hard work (salvation by good works); careful watch of yourself and others; Perfection of Ministry Theocracy (religious leaders)
pilgrims who left the corrupt church of England to go to Holland and later settle in the New World (virginia)
Separatist Puritans
agreement to form a government based on self-rule of the people
The Mayflower Compact
the first Northern colony (1620); Massachusetts; 1st governor - William Bradford
Plymouth Colony
'city upon the hill'; was to be the light to all humanity; part of the 'Great Migration' where the rest of the Puritans came to the New World; 1st governor - John Winthrop
the Massachusetts Bay Colony (1630)
the right to vote given to all 'freemen'
franchise
the congregationalist church (Puritans) was not a real democracy because…
the purpose of the gov. was to enforce God's law, not man's; only male church members could vote; religious leaders had enormous power and authority; required to go to church; not tolerant of other religions
1. Anne Hutchinson - said salvation was by faith, not by following laws; 2. Roger Williams - believed the Puritans should pay for Indian land; advocated for separate church and state
Dissenters
accomplishments of Roger Williams (separatist minister)
started the Rhode Island colony; anyone could vote; called 'Rogues Island' or the 'Lord's Debris'; Founded the Baptist Church; no forced attendance
colony started by Thomas Hooker (pastor); Hartford + New Haven; wrote the 1st constitution in the US - called the 'Fundamental Orders'
Conneticutt
colony that was part of Massachusetts until 1820; 'land of lakes and forests'
Maine
colony started by David Thompson (group of fishermen)
New Hampshire
wars between the Natives and the Puritans; peace broken after Squanto; devastated the Natives
the Pequot War and King Phillips War
what was the first step towards colonial unity in 1643?
colonies united to form the New England confederation or 'Puritan Club'
a policy that let the colonies take care of themselves (as long as they provided raw materials)
solitary neglect