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US History Civil War - Quiz 1 To End

History28 CardsCreated 4 months ago

This flashcard set covers key events and facts from the U.S. Civil War, including major battles, strategies, and turning points such as the 6-month siege of Vicksburg, which gave the Union control over the Mississippi River and split the Confederacy.

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the south’s last fortress/hold on the miss. river
- 6-month siege

Vicksburg

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Key Terms

Term
Definition

the south’s last fortress/hold on the miss. river
- 6-month siege

Vicksburg

gen. George McClellan

  • “young Napolean”

  • commander of the Union Army

  • cautious, slow, not risk-taking

  • “seven days battles”

  • goal to capture Richmond

  • Lee pushed McClellan off the peninsula, big Southern victory!

Peninsula Campaign

second battle of Bull Run

  • gen. John Pope against Lee

  • another Southern victory, McClellan reinstated

  • McClellan found Lee’s battle plan and won the battle!

  • bloodiest day in American history

  • POLITICAL turning point of the war

  • stopped any foreign assistance from joining the south

Battle of Antietam

  • freed all slaves in south but not in the border states

  • changed goal of war after Antietam

emancipation proclamation

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US History Civil War - Quiz 1 To End
TermDefinition

the south’s last fortress/hold on the miss. river
- 6-month siege

Vicksburg

gen. George McClellan

  • “young Napolean”

  • commander of the Union Army

  • cautious, slow, not risk-taking

  • “seven days battles”

  • goal to capture Richmond

  • Lee pushed McClellan off the peninsula, big Southern victory!

Peninsula Campaign

second battle of Bull Run

  • gen. John Pope against Lee

  • another Southern victory, McClellan reinstated

  • McClellan found Lee’s battle plan and won the battle!

  • bloodiest day in American history

  • POLITICAL turning point of the war

  • stopped any foreign assistance from joining the south

Battle of Antietam

  • freed all slaves in south but not in the border states

  • changed goal of war after Antietam

emancipation proclamation

effects of emancipation proclamation

1. kept England and France out of the war 2. encouraged slaves to run away and leave south laborless 3. black people joined up to fight for north! 4. led to the passing of 13th Amendment which abolished slavery

  • first all-black regiment

  • led by Robert Gould Shaw

54th Massachusetts Regiment

worst POW camp in the civil war

Andersonville Prison in Georgia

main photographer in the first war photographed in history (civil war)

Matthew Brady

main photographer in the first war photographed in history (civil war)

Matthew Brady

women’s roles during war

1. nurses 2. factories (sewing) 3. gov. jobs (copyists)

famous nurses

1. Dorthea DIx - north 2. *Clara Barton - “Angel of the Battlefield” 3. Sally Thompkins - south 4. Elizabeth Blackwell - 1st female doctor of US

famous female spies

  1. 1. Harriet Tubman - north

  2. 2. Rose O’Neil Greenhow - south

female writers

  1. 1. Mary Chesnut - south

  2. 2. Juliet Ward - north
    1. wrote “Battle Hymn of the Republic”

disguised herself as a soldier to fight

Loretta Velequez

ways to avoid the draft (1863)

  1. 1. certain profession’s (teachers, mailman, etc)

  2. 2. hire a substitute
    1. rich man’s war, but a poor man’s fight

  3. 2. own more than 20 slaves

  • battle that south wins, but there is a grave consequence

    • Stonewall Jackson (Lee’s best commander) is
      killed by one of his own men

Battle of Chancellorsville

  • Lee’s last-ditch effort to invade the north

  • biggest battle fought in the Western Hemisphere

  • Lee vs. George Meade

  • 51,000 casualties

Battle of Gettysburg

day two of Gettysburg battle

Little Round Top
- bloody fighting
- Lawrence Chamberlain (schoolteacher) - “hero of Gettysburg” holds out against south’s invasion

day three of Gettysburg battle

Picketts Charge
- south attacks center of the line
- huge mistake
- huge union victory!
- MILITARY turning point of the war

what state separates in 1864?

48 counties of Virginia secede from south to form West Virginia

1864 - new union commander and 2nd in command

Ulysses S. Grant (goal to take Richmond) and William Tecumseh Sherman (goal to take Atlanta)

pres. election of 1864

democrats - led by George McClellan (for peace)
republicans - led by Lincoln
- reasons Lincoln won = Atlanta’s fall to Sherman and part of Mobile (southern port falling)

Sherman's "March to the Sea"

  • Atlanta to Savannah

  • destroyed everything in his path

April 3, 1865

Richmond falls to north

  • after confederates abandon Petersburg the previous day after a 9 month siege
    Lee's army trapped at Appomattox Courthouse

end of war

Lee and Grant discussed peace terms in the house of William McClean

  • generous peace terms because Lincoln wanted to heal the bad blood between the two sides

April 14, 1865

"The Great Emancipator" Lincoln was assassinated in Ford's theater by actor and Southern sympathizer John Wilkes Booth

  • first presidential assassination in history!

  • Mary Surrat (co-conspirator) first female execution in US history!